Objective:Dissolution test was applied to study the dissolution rates of strychnine from the normal and ultramicro powder of semen strychi. Methods:HPLC techniques was used to detect the dissolution amount and the dissolution velocity of strychnine from the normal and ultra-micro powder of semen strychi. Results:The dissolution velocity of strychnine from the ultra-micro powder was higher than that from the normal powder,but there was no difference in the dissolution amount 4 hours later. Conclusion:The dissolution velocity of strychnine from the ultra-micro powder increased greatly and there was no loss of the principal active.

Objective:To study the pharmacokinetic process ofbrucine from normal and ultra-micro powder ofsemen strychni in rat serum.Methods:HPLC techniques were used.All pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated with a 3P87 program.Results:The pharmacokinetics results indicated that the normal powder and the ultra-micro powder ofsemen strychni belonged to two compartment open model.The absorb ofbrucine was just several ten minutes, and there was no obvious difference ofTmax between normal powder and ultra-micro powder.This showed that:Brucine was some material that was easily absorbed.But we can find that Cmax increased from(51.13?0.48)?g/L to(69.26?1.40)?g/L after ultra-micro powder preparation which was quite obvious.K,Ka,B and ? had a obvious increase(P

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles (N-CNPs) with a fluorescence quantum yield of 15.1％ were prepared from sucrose and urea in oleic acid medium by a one-pot solvothermal method.A new approach for quick,sensitive,and selective determination of free chlorine in water was developed based on fluorescence quenching of N-CNPs.There existed a good linear correlation between the fluorescence quenching and the concentration of ClO-in the range of 0.05-25.00 μmol/L.The limit of detection (LOD,S/N =3) was estimated to be 23 nmol/L.This method can be applied to the determination of free chlorine in real water samples.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of spironolactone in treatment NYHA (New York Heart Association) class Ⅰ - Ⅱ heart failure patients. MethodsEighty eight patients with NYHA classⅠ- Ⅱheart failure were randomized to sprionolactone or placebo groups.Patients were assessed by echocardiography and 6-minute walking test (6MWT) ,plasma aldosterone and NT-proBNP were measured before and 6 months after treatment; serum potassium and creatinine were monitored through the study. ResultsThe E/A and E/E' in spironolactone group were significantly lower than those of control group (1.2±0.7 vs. 1.7±0.6, P=0.007;15.2±2.3vs. 17.7±3.0, P=0.000). No differences were observed in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)between two groups after treatment. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in spironolactone group decreased after theatment [(117 ±27) g/m2 vs.(112 ± 19) g/m2,P = 0.044]. Plasma aldosterone level in spironolactone group after treatment was significantly lower than that of control group [ ( 157 ± 16) ng/L vs.( 165 ± 16) ng/L, P =0. 021 ]. Although there were no differences in plasma NT-proBNP level between two groups after treatment, it decreased significantly comparing with that of before treatment ( P = 0. 000). No differences were observed in serum potassium and creatinine between two groups after treatment. However serum potassium and creatinine in spironolactone group increased significantly after treatment [ ( 83 ± 18 )pmol/Lvs. (87 ± 22) μmol/L, P =0.047; (4.4 ±0.4) mmoL/L vs. (4.5 ±0.6) mmol/L, P =0. 012]. ConclusionSpironolactone can alleviate cardiac remolding and diastolic function in NYHA classⅠ - Ⅱ heart failure patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and incidence of depression in patients with different lo-cations and pathological types of brain tumors. Methods Hamilton Depression Scale (HRSD) was used to assess the de-pression in 140 patients with brain tumor before and after operation. Results The preoperative mean depression rating score was 15.36 ± 6.52 and the prevalence rate of depression was 50 cases (35.7%) in 140 patients with brain tumor. The postoperative mean score of depression was 9.71 ± 5.55 and the prevalence rate of depression was 9 cases (6.4%) in 140 patients with brain tumor. The postoperative depression score and the prevalence rate was significantly decreased after op-eration (P<0.05)(χ2=36.10,P<0.05). The postoperative depression score in either benign or malignant brain tumors was significantly lower after than before operation(all P<0.05)The postoperative depression score in either the left or right or bilateral brain lesions were significantly decreased after than before operation(all P<0.05).Conclusion Pa-tients with brain tumors have different degrees of depression in perioperative. Depression may be associated with brain tu-mour pathological types and lesion sites in patients with brain tumors.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for further implementation and perfection of National Essential Medicine Sys-tem. METHODS:Stratified random sampling method was used to select 252 doctors from Sichuan Luzhou. Questionnaire survey was performed among them about recognition and behavior of them to National Essential Medicine System. Related investigation da-ta was analyzed statistically. RESULTS:A total of 252 questionnaires were issued and 243 valid questionnaires were collected with effective recovery rate of 96.4%. Of 242 respondents who had heard of National Essential Medicine System,the respondents who had heard but not clear occupied the highest percentage (52.1%). Of 149 participants who had participated in national essential medicine knowledge training or study,the proportion ofonly one knowledge training or studywas the highest(57.0%). The sur-vey respondents had a maximum of 45.0% and a minimum of 16.5% of common sense about National Essential Medicine System. After the implementation of National Essential Medicine System,respondents often propagandized National Essential Medicine Sys-tem to diagnosis and treatment objects accounted for only 23.1%. The proportion ofno changechosen for items of work motiva-tion,work efficiency and workload was the highest (all occupied 58.3%);the proportion oflittle influencechosen for item of clinical medication habit was the highest(38.8%). 86.4% of respondents were willing to give priority to the use of national essen-tial medicines;the top 4 reasons wereto obtain training and guidance on the use of essential medicinesto set utilization rate of essential medicines in primary health care institutionsto strengthen the propaganda of National Essential Medicine Systemto evaluate physician's prescriptions regularly. 13.6% were not willing to give priority to the use of national essential medicines;the top 4 reasons werelack of the confidence of the use of national essential medicinespoor accessibility of essential medicinesfear of medical accidents due to prescription essential medicines,lead to medical disputesdon't know what is essential medi-cine. CONCLUSIONS:The primary physicians'perceptions of National Essential Medicine System and the implementation of the System in Luzhou need to be strengthened. The main reason is that few national essential medicine knowledge training or study and poor effects. That the government's supporting poli-cy is not perfect may be one of reasons.

Objective To investigate the incidence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in patients in a respiratory in-tensive care unit (RICU)of a teaching hospital,and provide reference for HAI prevention and control.Methods All pa-tients admitted to this RICU from January to December 2014 were surveyed with prospective targeted monitoring method, surveyed data were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 561 patients were surveyed,43 patients developed 44 times HAI,HAI rate and HAI case rate were 7.66% and 7.84% respectively,incidence of HAI and adjusted incidence of HAI per 1 000 patient-days were 6.26‰ and 1.79‰ respectively.The main infection site was urinary tract (45.46%,n=20). Incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP ),catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI),and catheter-associat-ed urinary tract infection (CAUTI)per 1 000 catheter-days were 2.73‰(n=13),1.57‰(n=2),and 3.78‰(n=18)re-spectively.Incidence of HAI per 1 000 patient-days between the first and second half year of 2014 was significantly differ-ent(4.59‰ vs 7.89‰;u=-1.75,P =0.04).A total of 47 pathogenic strains were isolated,the main pathogens were gram-negative bacteria(n=26,55.32%).Conclusion The major HAI in RICU is device-associated infection,it is necessary to strengthen the management of invasive procedures;targeted monitoring can find the weak links of infection control prac-tice and helpful for taking effective prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of HAI in ICU.