Objective To analyze the drug therapeutic regimen and duration of the chemotherapy in the spinal tuberculosis in order to determine the best therapeutic regimen and duration of the spinal anti-tuberculo-sis. Methods The medication plan and duration of 890 hospitalized patients with spinal tuberculosis in our hospital from January 2001 to December 2008 were retrospectively investigated. We collected the plan of the initial treatment,retreatment,recrudescence and drug resistance. We also studied the individuation therapeutic regimen of the patients with tuberculosis at other parts or complications. On the basis of these data,we analyzed the interferential appearance that the antituberculosis drug acted on different onsets,manifestations and operations. Results In 890 patients of spinal tuberculosis,596 cases ( 67% ) were initial treatment,294 ( 33% ) were retreatment,recur cases were 110 ( 12. 3% ) ,drug resistance cases were 74( 8. 3% ) ,and those compli-cated with tuberculosis in other parts were 273 ( 30. 7% ) . The main chemotherapeutic regimen was the usual tetragenous protocol ( H12 /R12 /E9 /Z5 /S3) . The retreatment cases were given second-line drugs such as levo-floxacin. The drug resistance cases were also given second-line drugs and intravenous infusion. According to the anti-tubercle bacillus spectrum,individuation treatments were adopted,and the plan was changed in time. The medication duration continued for 9-36 months. All the 890 patients were cured. Conclusion For the treatment of spinal tuberculosis,it is significance to make a efficient and standardized anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.

Objective:To observe the effects of myricetin on autophagy and mitochondrial fission in the human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,and to explore its induction effect on autophagy and promoting effect on mitochondrial fission.Methods: The SKOV3 cells were cultured in vitro.0,20,40,and 60 g·L-1 myricetin were used in control group and low, middle, high doses of myricetin groups for 12 h.The changes of mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry;the morphology of mitochondria was observed by MitoTracker Red;the expression levels of dynamin related protein1 (Drp1) and fission 1 (Fis1) in various groups were detected by Western blotting method;and the expression levels of autophagy related protein LC3 were detected by both Western blotting method and immunofluorescence method.Results:Compared with control group, the ratios of decreased mitochondria in different doses of myricetin groups were significantly increased(t=3.27, t=6.85, t=5.49,P<0.05).Compared with control group, the numbers of mitochondria in different doses of myricetin groups were increased, and the mitochondria looked more like gravel.Compared with control group,the expression levels of Drp1 in different doses of myricetin groups were significantly increased (t=4.35, t=3.28, t=6.17,P<0.05), and the expression levels of Fis1 were increased also(t=8.32, t=6.74, t=9.27).The immunofluorescence results showed that the expression levels of LC3 in different doses of myricetin groups were significantly increased with the increase of myricetin dose compared with control group.The Western blotting results showed that the ratios of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in middle and high doses of myricetin groups were significantly increased compared with control group(t=3.28, t=4.21,P<0.05).Conclusion: Myricetin can induce the autophagy of SKOV3 cells, and it can also promote the mitochondrial fission.

Objective To observe protective effects of allicin on heart and lung in aging mice induced by D-galactose, and try to explore the possible mechanism from the aspect of oxidative stress. Methods Fifty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group ( group C) ,model control group ( group D) and high-,middle-and low-dose of allicin groups ( H,M,L group) . The rats in group D,L,M and H were injected with D-galactose. At the same time,the rats in group L,M and H were injected with allicin. All of the injection lasted for 6 weeks. After that,athletic ability of the mice was evaluated by behavioral experiments. Malondialdehyde ( MDA ) content, superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity and total antioxidant capacity ( T-AOC) in the homogenate of heart and lung tissues were measured,and the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were tested in heart and lung. Results Behavioral experiment showed that standing time on Rota Rod System and continuous running time on mice treadmill were significantly shortened in group D as compared with group C ( P<0.05) ,but those were prolonged in the allicin groups. Compared with group C,MDA content in homogenate of myocardium and lung tissues was significantly increased in group D (P<0.05),the activity of SOD was decreased (P<0.05) and T-AOC was decreased (P<0.05) . As compared with group D,MDA content in allicin groups was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) ,SOD activity increased (P<0.05) and A-TOC increased (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Bax was significantly increased in group D as compared with group C,and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased. After the intervention of allicin,expression of Bax was decreased in group L,M and H as compared with group D, and expression of Bcl-2 was increased as compared with group D. Expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in lung tissues showed the same changing trend. Conclusion Allicin has a potential protect role on heart and lung in D-galactose-induced aging mice by increasing athletic ability,decreasing oxidative stress and decreasing cell apoptosis of myocardium and lung tissues.

Objective To investigate the causes and treatment strategies of spinal multidrug-resistance tuberculosis.Methods Data of 16 patients with spinal multidrug-resistance tuberculosis from Jane 2007 to September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 12 males and 4 females,with an average age of 26.6 years (range,10-49 years).The 16 patients involved 44 vertebrae,with an average of 2.75 vertebrae.The involved segments included:9 thoracic segments,1 thoracic-lumbar segment,2 lumbar segments and 3 lumbar-sacral segments.1 patient involved jumping segments including T8.9,T12L1.Among them,5 suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis,4 tuberculous pleurisy,3 tuberculous empyema,1 tuberculosis of cervical lymph nodes,1 tuberculosis of sternum,1 tuberculosis of chest wall and 1 nephrotic syndrome.We analyzed the reasons of multidrug-resistance.All patients received individualized chemotherapy based on drug sensitivity test.The operation process and time were also collected.The treatment effects were determined by long-term follow-up.Results Among all the 16 patients,6 received 1 operation; 7 received 2 operations; 2 received 3 operations and the last operation was one-stage posterior instrumentation and anterior debridement,bone grafting which conducted in our hospital; 1 received 4 operations and the last of which was excision of sinus in our hospital.All patients were followed up for 10 to 60 months (average,28.4 months).The time of chemotherapy which accorded to the drug sensitivity test was 24 months.2 cases recurred after 22 months and 46 months of the 1st surgery and received operation again.At the last follow-up,all patients were in a stable state of tuberculosis.In 16 patients,2 were initial drug resistance and 14 were acquired drug resistance.The causes of acquired drug resistance were multiple organs tuberculosis caused by failure chemotherapy,times of failed surgeries without adjusted schedules,suspension of the anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy due to serious adverse drug reactions and so on.Conclusion It is very important to carry through the culture of tubercle bacillus and acquire the results of drug sensitive test earlier.The key to prevent and cure multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of spine are formulating individualized anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy program,monitoring closely the adverse drug reactions and selecting the appropriate time for surgery.

Objective To analyze features of the lateral leg peroneal artery perforator free flap,and study the clinical application of free peroneal artery perforator flap transplantation for repairing forefoot defects.Methods Retrospectively analyzed 9 patients with forefoot defects which had been repaired with free lateral leg peroneal artery perforator flap transplantation.In this group,the skin and soft tissue defects size were 4.5 cm ×4.0 cm-13.5 cm × 6.5 cm,Focused on analyzing the features of forefoot skin and soft tissue defects,the design and harvesting of lateral leg peroneal artery perforator flap,and vascular anastomosis and vessel matching,meanwhile,follow-up the survival condition and appearance of the flap,the function of foot and ankle after operation.Results In the 9 cases,the larger myocutaneous perforator arising from peroneal artery,accompanying 2 vena comitans,were found slightly above the midpoint of the line between fibula head and lateral malleolus in lateral leg.The flaps transfered to repair forefoot defects,artery end-end anastomosis:in 5 cases cutaneous branch of peroneal artery to dorsal artery of foot,in 4 cases by cutaneous branch of peroneal artery to dorsal metatarsal artery;vein end-end anastomosis:in 1 case 2 accompanying veins of peroneal artery cutaneous branch to 2 accompanying veins of dorsal artery of foot,in 5 cases 1 accompanying vein of peroneal artery cutaneous branch to 1 accompanying vein of dorsal artery of foot or metatarsal,in 3 cases 1 accompanying vein of peroneal artery cutaneous branch to 1 accompanying vein of dorsal artery of foot or metatarsal,simultaneously,the another accompanying vein of peroneal artery cutaneous branch to 1 dorsal superficial vein of the foot.All the 9 flaps survived,and no vessel articulo happened.The venous return of flaps had no significant difference between repairing 1 vein and 2 veins in gross appearance.All wounds healed in one-period.Followed-up 2-6 months postoperative,1 patient was performed flap reshaping due to flap fat and clumsy at 5 months postoperative,others,the skin texture and appearance of the flaps were good and satisfactive.Conclusion Free transplantation of the lateral leg peroneal artery perforator flap broke away from the bondage of pedicled flap,had more freedom in flap design,and effectively controlled the trauma of donor and recipient site.The flap have the merits,blood vessel anatomy is relatively stable,blood supply is reliable,harvesting is simple,skin texture is similar to the forefoot and the effect is better,operation of the donor and recipient sites can accomplish under a identical anaesthesia and tourniquet.Thus,the lateral leg peroneal artery perforator free flap is an effective metheod in reparation of the forefoot defects.

Objective To investigate optimal extraction process of Piper puberulum ( Benth.) Maxim.and qualitative analyze the chemical component of the extracts.Methods Method of solvent heating reflux was used for extraction.On the basis of single factor experiment, L9 (34 ) orthogonal experiment was designed with the variants of extraction frequency, time, material-liquid ratio, and immersion time.Extraction rate as index, extraction processes were optimized to achieve best extraction.The extracts, including total extract, water elution, and ethanol elution, were physiochemically analysed to achieve an initial qualitative result.Results The optimal extraction process was: extractions 3 times for 2 hours, with an 1︰30 material -liquid ratio and 2 hours of immersion, Initial qualitative analyzed the total extracts containing amino acids, polypeptides, proteins, alkaloids, steroids or triterpenes, flavones, saponins, polysaccharides, reducing sugars or glucosides, cumarins, terpene lactones, phenols, and tannins.The water elution containing: amino acids, polypeptides, proteins, saponins, polysaccharides, reducing sugars or glucosides, cumarins, and terpene lactones.The ethanol elution containing: amino acids, polypeptides, proteins, alkaloids, steroids or triterpenes, flavones, polysaccharides, reducing sugars or glucosides, phenols, and tanins.Conclusion The experiments show that optimal extraction process can achieve high extraction yield, stable and practical.

Objective To investigate the effects of 2.45 GHz microwave on the apoptosis of HeLa cells and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods HeLa cells were divided into five groups randomly:control group,sham-irradiation group,and three irradiation groups exposed with 10,15 and 20 mW/cm2 2.45 GHz microwave for 10 min.Cell survival was tested by MTT assay,cell nucleus fashion was observed by a laser scanning confocal microscope,cell cycle distribution was measured by flow cytometry,and cell protein expressions were detected by Western blot.Results The cell survival in control group,shamirradiation group and low dose irradiation group had no difference but it became lower in the middle and high dose irradiated group(t =-16.47,-14.23,P ＜ 0.05).The abnormal rates of nuclear fashion in the low,middle and high dose irradiation groups were obviously higher compared with control group (t =9.37,11.25,8.47,P ＜ 0.05),while high dose irradiation group was higher than the low and middle dose group (t =15.32,10.25,P ＜0.05).The rate of HeLa cells in sub-G1 in the irradiation groups were higher than that in control group (t =15.24,22.31,10.69,P ＜ 0.05).The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in irradiation groups was significantly increased,and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased.Conclusions 2.45 GHz microwave can induce HeLa cells apoptosis with a positive correlation with microwave dose.

Objective To examine the expression of Cath D,SP-A and GLUT-1 in patients with bronchiogenic carcinoma.Methods A total of 41 patients were included in the study,10 of whom received the histological diagnosis of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).The other 28 were squamous cell carcinoma(SC) and 3 were inflammation.And all the samples were taken from the patients′ tunica mucosa bronchiorum through bronchofibroscope,then we detected the cathepsin D,SP-A and GLUT-1 following SP immunohistochemistry.Results ①Cath D: 6 samples(60%) in group SCLC were negtive expression(-6),4(40%)were moderately positive(++4),4(14%) were negative(-4),2(7%) were positive(+2),8(28%) were moderately positive(++8) and 14(50%) were intensive positive(+++14) in the other group.SCLC was significant different from SC in expressing cathepsin D(P

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of the autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). METHODS The VSMCs were incubated with different concentrations of H2O2(50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1200 and 1600 μmol · L-1)for 12 and 24 h. The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope. The expression of autophagy related protein ubiquitin binding protein p62 and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3)was detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect autophagy related protein human coiled-coil myosin-like BCL2-interacting protein (Beclin-1),LC3 and mammalian target of sirolimus Rapamycin(mTOR),as well as the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)related protein glucose regulated proteins 78 ku(GRP78)and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP). RESULTS MTT results showed that H2O2 inhibited the growth of VSMCs cells. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 597.2±2.3 and(447.4±1.7)μmol·L-1 at 12 and 24 h,respectively. The results of the inverted phase contrast microscope showed that VSMCs in H2O2 group shrinked and turned into smaller round cells. The cell survival rate declined from(97.5 ± 0.1)% in normal control group to(74.4 ± 1.0)% and(56.8 ± 0.9)% in H2O2 400μmol·L-1 at 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results of the laser scanning confocal micro?scope showed that H2O2 400 μmol · L- 1 increased the expression of LC3 and p62 protein in a cytoplasmic time-dependent manner, and increased the colocalization of LC3 and p62,especially at 8 h. The results of Western blotting demonstrated that H2O2 increased the expression of ERS related protein GRP78 and CHOP,autophagy related protein Beclin-1 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ(P<0.01),and decreased mTOR(P<0.01)in VSMCs. CONCLUSION H2O2 induces autophagy through ERS in VSMCs.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of valsartan on related indexes of elderly patients with hypertension with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.METHODS:A total of 128 patients with hypertension with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 64 cases in each group.Control group was given Amlodipine tablets 5-10 mg/d,once a day+Hydrochlorothiazide tablets 12.5 mg/d,once a day,orally in the morning.Observation group was additionally given Valsartan capsule 80-160 mg/d orally,once a day,in the morning.Both groups were treated for 12 weeks.The levels of Hs-CRP,IL-6 and blood pressure,LVEF,LAD,maximum P wave duration (Pmax),P wave dispersion (Pd) before and after treatment,the occurrence of ADR were observed and compared between 2 groups.RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in above indexes (P＞0.05).After treatment,Hs-CRP,IL-6 levels and LAD of 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and Hs-CRP,IL-6 levels in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group while LAD was higher than the control groups;LVEF was significantly higher than before,but the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).After treatment,SBP and DBP of 2 groups were significantly lower than before (P＜0.05),but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups (P＞0.05).Pmax and Pd in the observation group were significantly lower than before,and lower than the control group at the same time(P＜0.05),while there were no significantly of Pmax and Pd in the control group before and after treatment(P＞0.05).No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment.CONCLUSIONS:For elderly patients with hypertension with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,valsartan shows good hypotensive effect and effectively improves serum inflammatory factor levels and cardiac function related indexes.