Objective To compare the efficacy and survival of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice using either endoscopic self-expandable metallic stents or surgery,and to evaluate the compounding factors influencing prognosis.Methods 56 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice treated with endoscopic self-expandable metallic stents (the endoscopic group) were compared with 90 patients who received surgery (the surgery group) during the same study period.Clinical data and survival of the 2 groups of patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The success rate was 100％ in the endoscopic group.The serum bilirubin,alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) decreased significantly by using either therapeutic endoscopy or surgery (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the reduction of serum total bilirubin.The mean survival of the endoscopic and surgery groups were 340 d and 795 d respectively.The accumulative survivals of the endoscopic group at 3,6 and 12 months as evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method were 82.6 ％,61.1％ and 46.6 ％,respectively,and for the surgery group were 97.0％,90.9 ％ and 65.4％ respectively. There was a significant difference in survival between the two groups (P＜0.01).Survival after therapeutic endoscopy was similar to surgery for patients with metastasis and hilar biliary obstruction.Conclusions Self-expandable metallic stents gave similar palliation in the relief of jaundice in patients with malignant biliary obstruction.The stents had no effect on the primary tumor.Therapeutic endoscopy with self-expandable metallic stents is a safe and effective method for the relief of jaundice in patients with obstructive jaundice caused by non-resectable malignant tumors.

Background Medical refraction after cycloplegia is the preferable choice for precise measurement of degree of refractive error.Drugs used in China for cycloplegia include atropine and tropicamide,and the use of cyclopentolate is an alternative for ophthalmologist.However,the data for the evaluation and comparison of efficacy of the available drugs in cycloplegia is still lacking.Objective This system analysis was to evaluate the difference between atropine and cyclopentolate in cycloplegia in children.Methods A systematic literature retrieval was conducted in MEDLINE,EMbase,Google residual accommodation after cycloplegia by atropine and cyclopentolate were compared.Statistical analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.1.0 software.Results A total of 7 studies were included in this meta analysis,including 6 cohort study design and 1 randomized,doubleblinded clinical trial and 1232 eyes.For retinoscopic evaluation after cycloplegia,no significant differences were found between cyclopentolate and atropine in children with hyperopia and myopia (WMD =-0.21,95％ CI:-0.47-0.06,P=0.13 ; WMD =-0.10,95％ CI:-0.36-0.15,P =0.43).For residual accommodation after cycloplegia,no significant difference was seen between cyclopentolate and atropine in ammetropic children (WMD =0.30,95％ CI:-0.10-0.71,P =0.15).Conclusions Cyclopentolate shows the same effect on the cycloplegia as atropine in children,and it can take the place of atropine in cycloplegia in childhood.

Objective To study the expression and significance of Neogenin,Hepcidin and serum ferritin(SF)in patients with cancer-related anemia.Methods To test the serum levels of Neogenin,Hepcidin and SF in 107 cases,including 55 cases with cancer-related anemia and 52 cases of non-anemia with tumor by ABC-ELISA.Results ①The serum levels of Neogenin in patients with cancer-related anemia were 0.77 ± 0.45 ng/ml,which were lower than 0.98 ± 0.60 ng/ml in non-anemia group (t=2.003 8,P <0.05).The serum levels of Hepcidin in patients with cancer-related anemia were 6.03±4.25 μg/ml, which was higher than 4.51±2.23 μg/ml in non-anemia group (t=2.319 5,P <0.05).②There were no difference in pa-tients between anemia and non-anemia (t=1.898 0,P >0.05).③In patients with cancer,there were positive correlation be-tween Neogenin and Hb (r=0.212 4,t=2.226 4,P <0.05),there were negtive correlation between Hepcidin and Hb (r=-0.310 1,t=3.345 2,P <0.01),but there were no correlation between SF and Hb (P >0.05).④There were positive cor-relation between Hepsidin and SF (r=0.486 6,P <0.01).Conclusion There were lower expression of Neogenin,higher ex-pression of Hepcidin in patients with cancer-related anemia is a complex process.The abnormal expression of Neogenin and Hepcidin which were lead to the loss of use of iron are the key factors attribute to anemia in patients with cancer.

The purpose of this study was to fabricate decelluarized valve scaffold modified with polyethylene glycol nanoparticles loaded with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), by which to improve the extracellular matrix microenvironment for heart valve tissue engineering in vitro. Polyethylene glycol nanoparticles were obtained by an emulsion-crosslinking method, and their morphology was observed under a scanning electron microscope. Decelluarized valve scaffolds, prepared by using trypsinase and TritonX-100, were modified with nanoparticles by carbodiimide, and then TGF-β1 was loaded into them by adsorption. The TGF-β1 delivery of the fabricated scaffold was measured by asing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Whether unseeded or reseeded with myofibroblast from rats, the morphologic, biochemical and biomechanical characteristics of hybrid scaffolds were tested and compared with decelluarized scaffolds under the same conditions. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed a typical delivery of nanoparticles. The morphologic observations and biological data analysis indicated that fabricated scaffolds possessed advantageous biocompatibility and biomechanical property beyond decelluarized scaffolds. Altogether this study proved that it was feasible to fabricate the hybrid scaffold and effective to improve extracellular matrix microenvironment, which is beneficial for an application in heart valve tissue engineering.

Ten dimeric phthalide racemates (1-10) were isolated from an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root head (Guitou) by separation techniques of column chromatography over macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, together with preparative thin-layer chromatography and reversed phase HPLC. The racemates were further separated into (+)-/(-)-1-(+)-/(-)-10 with chiral HPLC. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, combined with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations as well as single crystal X-ray diffractions. Compounds (+)-/(-)-1-(+)-/(-)-10 are either new structure or new natural product, named (+)-/(-)-angelidipthalidic acids A-H [(+)-/(-)-1-(+)-/(-)-8] and (+)-/(-)-angelidipthalidols A and B [(+)-/(-)-9 and (+)-/(-)-10], respectively. Meanwhile, dimeric phthalide mono- and bis-lactone derivatives with 3.3′a,8.6′- and 3.6′,8.3′a-coupling patterns as well as determination of their relative configurations are discussed.

Four new triterpenoids, together with six known analogues, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa seeds, by multiple column chromatographic separation methods using stationary phases of macroporous adsorption resin, MCI resin, normal phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and Toyopearl HW-40C as well as preparative thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis, the new structures were trivially named jujubaceanothoside A (1), 23-epijujuboside A (2), and jujubosides J and K (3 and 4), while the known analogues were identified as jujubosides A-C (5-7) and II (8), alphitolic acid (9), and betulinic acid (10). The structure of 1 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytarabine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fever ; blood ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; blood ; drug therapy ; Teniposide ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate and evaluate the comparison results of five items of hepatitis B in ELISA by using water bath box and rapid incubation .Methods 92 patients with hepatitis B in our hospital from June 2012 to June 2013 were randomly se‐lected and 184 cases of healthy physical examination were randomly selected as the controls .The water bath and rapid incubation were adopted to conduct ELISA for simultaneously detecting 5 items of hepatitis B in samples .Results The results of two groups had higher positive coincidence rate .The average OD value of specimens in the water bath was higher .But the specimen S/CO value in the fast average incubation was higher ,its co value was higher than that of the water bath .Conclusion The rapid incubation can be introduced for improving the work efficiency in the daily work ,but the specimen with weak reactiveresult needs to be re‐de‐tected by using the water bath and making records .The fast incubation device is best for only use of the HBsAg reaction ,because the other four reaction process time is shorter ,and there are some non‐conformity results .

The average life expectancy in Macau is ranking the second in the world, the consumption of fresh medicinal plants is a profound culture in Macau. The paper focus on the distribution of the antioxidant herbs, a comprehensive investigation and analysis the amount of the plant resources was carried out. The antioxidant activity of alcohol extracts was determined by using the DPPH method, and six kinds fresh herbs with high antioxidant free radical activity were screened out. Reference to adult daily dose of vitamin C, it is calculated that the daily dose amount of fresh herbs is less than 200 g. For the expected shortage of resources and the ecological status of Macau, we give some suggestions of herbal introduction in population ecology reconstruction.
Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Ecosystem ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Macau ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect,advantages and shortcomings of pleural effusion controlled by interrupted drainage via central venous catheter.Methods The research group had 52 cases with pleural effusion controHed by interrupted drainage via central venous catheter,and the control group had 50 cases with pleural effusion controlled by conventional pleuracentesis.Pleural effusion disappearing time,average hospitalization time,pleuracentesis frequency,related therapy expenses and complications of two groups were observed and compared.Results The pleuracentesis frequency,pleural effusion disappearing time,average hospitalization time,related therapy expenses and per capita incidence of complications of the research group were(1.06±1.30)times,(4.31±2.20)days,(9.87±2.30)days,(264.77±37.20)yuan and 9.62%and in the control group were(4.20±2.60)times,(9.92±3.70)days,(15.08±5.80)days,(487.62±55.56)yuan and 38.00%.The differences between two groups were particularly remarkable.Conclusion The method of pleural effusion controlled by interruptod drainage via central venous catheter is safe,eonvenient,economical and microtraumatic,and it is worth using more widely.