Animals ; Body Water ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Organ Size ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Specific Gravity

Objective To study the mRNA expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin oligodendregha glyeoprotein (MOG) in hippocampus of rats following global brain ischemia.Method The four- vessel occlusion animal model in the Sprague-Dawley rats was used in this study.The mRNA expression levels of MBP and MOG in the hippocampus of rats were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) at day 2,4,7,14 and 28 days after global brain ischemia.There were eight rats at each time-point and sham operated group.Results The mRNA expression of both MBP and MOG in hippocampus of rats decreased at 2 days after global brain ischemia.The gene expression of myelin gene decreased significantly at 7 days and it reached to the lowest level at 28 days.Compared with sham operated group,the gene expression of MBP and MOG in hippocampus of rats decreased significantly at 7,14 and 28 days after global brain ischemia (P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic changes of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression in the hippocampus of epileptic rats and to study its effect on vitamin E levels in rats following status epilepticus (SE).

METHODSRat model of SE was induced by intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine. The rats receiving an injection of normal saline were used as a control group. The expression of LPL in the hippocampal tissue was determined using immunofluorescent methods and the level of vitamin E was examined by the colormeric method 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 3 days, 7 days and 14 days after SE.

RESULTSLPL was expressed in the control and SE groups. In the SE group, the LPL expression began to increase 24 hr after SE (P<0.05), reached a peak 3 days after SE (P<0.01), and kept at a high level 7 days after SE (P<0.01). By 14 days, the LPL expression was reduced to the level similar to the control group. The level of vitamin E began to decline 12 hrs after SE (P<0.01), and decreased to a nadir 24 hrs after SE (P<0.01). At 3 and 7 days after SE, the levels of vitamin E were still significantly lower than the controls (P<0.05). By 14 days, the vitamin E level increased to the level similar to the control group.

CONCLUSIONSThe over-expression of LPL in the hippocampus may play an important role in the oxidative stress mechanisms following SE by regulating the uptake of vitamin E.

Animals ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; analysis ; physiology ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Status Epilepticus ; metabolism ; Vitamin E ; analysis ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the intervention of chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4) antagonist AMD3100 in lung tissues of rats during pulmonary oxygen intoxication.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal pressure air PBS group, normal pressure air antagonist group , oxygen exposure PBS group and oxygen exposure antagonist group, each consisting of 10 animals.The last two groups were compressed to 0.23 MPa at an exponential rate of 0.1 MPa/min by pure oxygen.Pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin eosin stain.Changes in TNF-αand IL-1βexpression levels in the lung tissues of rats were detected by ELISA.Changes in CXCR4 expression levels were ob-served by Western blotting.Results Pathological examination indicated that edema and hemorrhage in the alveolar and pulmonary interstitial tissue of oxygen exposure antagonist group were lighter than in oxygen exposure PBS group.The levels of TNF-α, IL-1βand cleaved-caspase-3 in the lung tissues of the oxygen exposure antagonist group were lower than in oxy-gen exposure PBS group.Conclusion Blocking CXCR4 with AMD3100 can effectively alleviate lung injury during pulmo-nary oxygen intoxication.

In clinic, some urinary protein makers can dynamically and noninvasively reflect the degree of renal tubular injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). These urinary biomarkers of tubular damage are broadly divided into two categories. One is newfound, including kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), neutrophil getatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) and cystatin C (CysC); the other one is classical, including beta2 microglobulin (beta2-MG), retinal binding protein (RBP) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). It is reported that, the increases in urinary protein markers are not only closely related to the damage of tubular epithelial cells in DN patients, but also can be ameliorated by the treatment with Chinese herbal compound preparations or Chinese herbal medicine. Recently, although urinary proteomics are used in the protein separation and identification, the traditional associated detection of urinary protein markers is more practical in clinic. At present, it is possible that the associated detection of urinary biomarkers of glomerular and tubular damages may be a feasible measure to reveal the clinical significance of urinary protein markers in DN patients and the interventional effects of Chinese herbal medicine.
Biomarkers ; urine ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; complications ; drug therapy ; urine ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Proteinuria ; complications

OBJECTIVETo explore an ideal technique for remodeling the breast after resection of large breast fibroadenoma.

METHODSBased on the principle of breast reduction, an operation plan was designed. The new locations of the nipple, and the areola and the area of the breast skin to be resected were marked. The preoperative-marked skin, epidermis, and the whole breast tumor were resected routinely. Then breast remodeling followed according to augmentation mammoplasty. Seven patients underwent this operation.

RESULTSThe operative results were satisfactory in terms of multiple parameters during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONSThis operation can effectively resect the breast tumor and remodel the breast simultaneously.

Breast ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; surgery ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Nipples ; surgery

To analyze the characteristic of urinary protein spectrum in patients with stage III diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its compliance with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)symptom, for the sake of providing a basis for clarifying the rules of TCM syndrome differentiation in DN. Adopting the traditional epidemiological retrospective method, thirty-eight TCM syndromes and urinary protein with medium or low molecular weight, as well as urinary enzyme, including 24 h urinary protein (Upro), urinary albumin( UAlb), urinary retinal binding protein( URBP), urinary cystatin C (UCysC), urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG), were collected from 108 patients with stage III DN, and a multiple factor regression analysis between them was conducted. As the results, the levels of Upro, UAlb, URBP, UCysC, and UNAG were increased in 108 patients with stage III DN. Qi-Yin deficiency type was the major type. The level of UAlb in patients with Qi-Yin deficiency type was significantly higher than those without Qi-Yin deficiency type (P < 0.05). The elevation of Upro with the factors as swift digestion with rapid hungering, lassitude and lack of strength, weakness of waist and knees was complied, the elevation of UA1b with the factors as dry mouth with desire to drink, the elevation of URBP with the factors as numbness of extremities, shortness of breath, the elevation of UCysC with the factors as clear urine in large amounts, and the elevation of UNAG with the factors as frequent micturition, were complied respectively. In conclusion, for 108 stage III DN patients. The increase in urinary protein spectrum including UAlb, URBP, UCysC, and UNAG is the major characteristic. Shen and Pi are the major organs related to the appearance of urinary protein; Pi-Shen deficiency is the basic pathogenesis. The level of UAlb is taken as one of the objective syndrome factors for Qi-Yin deficiency type. The levels of UNAG and UCysC are possibly the objective syndrome factors for Shen-Qi deficiency type.
Diabetic Nephropathies ; complications ; diagnosis ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Proteinuria ; complications ; urine ; Qi ; Regression Analysis ; Yin-Yang

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of jieyuwan on neuroendocrine-immune of chronic unpredictable stress rats, for identifing its mechanism of action.

METHODAnimals were randomly assigned to six groups: one non-stressed (control) group, one stressed group (CUS + vehicle) , three treatment groups (CUS + Jieyuwan 53, 106, 212 mg x kg(-1), respectively), and one group for imipramine (CUS + imipramine 10 mg x kg(-1)). We used the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) test in rats to investigated the effects of chronic oral administration (21 days) of Jieyuwan and imipramine (ip) on the sucrose consumption, the relative weight of adrenal and thymus, the concentration of serum corticosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta measured by ELISA.

RESULTOur results showed that Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to CUS exhibited increased adrenal weight, reduction in thymus weight, less sucrose consumption, and synchronized with higher serum corticosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta concentration. Chronic treatment with Jieyuwan (53, 106, 212 mg x kg(-1), po, 21 days) could improve locomotion of stressed rat sucrose consumption, turn over the high levels of serum corticosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta concentration.

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic actions of jieyuwan, in some degree, may be related with indirect or direct effects on HPA axis and immune system.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Corticosterone ; blood ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Interleukin-1beta ; blood ; Male ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Psychological ; immunology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Thymus Gland ; pathology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

· ATM:To analyze bacterial spectrum and drug sensitivity in conjunctival sac of cataract patients of Kazak.
· METHODS:A total of 538 cases of conjunctival sac secretion in cataract patients of Kazak were collected.The samples were cultured and their sensibilities to antibiotics were tested.
· RESULTS: The bacterial culture was positive in 214 cases.The positive rate was 39.8%. The variety of pathogenic bacteria were mainly made up of gram positive cocci ( 88.3%), and most of them were Staphylococcus epidermidis ( 66.4%), followed by Micrococcus(9.8%).Sex had no effect on conjunctival bacteria rate in the cataract patients of Kazak, while age, place of residence had an effect on camier rate. The camier rate of conjunctival bacteria was significantly higher in people over 60 years old than that in people with age between 40 to 59 years old.And the people from city had a significant lower bacteria positive rate than those from countryside and pastoral. Most of grams were sensitive to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Rifampicin, Duly cloth mildew mutual and Amikacin, the tolerance was less than 20%, and they usually had higher tolerance to Penicillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol (>70%) .
·CONCLUSlON:Gram positivecocci is the most common bacteria in conjunctival sac in cataract patients of Kazak. Staphylococcus epidermidis was most common, followed by Micrococcus.The germ-carrying rate of conjunctival SAC in Kazakh population is associated with the patient’s age and area of residence.The clinical use of antibacterial drugs should be strictly grasp the indications, to reduce the incidence of bacterial resistance.

To study the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel, various chromatography methods were used. Seven triterpene glycosides were isolated from the n-BuOH extract. Their structures were identified as bayogenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 -->-2 ) -alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 2 ) -[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 4)] -alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 2) -alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5), hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6) and pulsatilla saponin (7). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound. Compounds 2 -6 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Components, Aerial ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pulsatilla ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification