Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; Eustachian Tube ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma

?AIM:To observe the values and changing rules of angle Kappa in corneal refractive surgery under light and dark conditions.?METHODS:Two hundred and thirty-four eyes of 118 patients for corneal refractive surgery were enrolled for this study.Pupil diameters and angle Kappa values under light and dark conditions were measured by Keratron Scout corneal topography.?RESULTS: There were significant differences in pupil diameters between light and dark conditions (P<0.01). More angle Kappa of both eyes distributed in the superior nasal quadrant under light conditions, and more angle Kappa distributed in the superior temporal quadrant under dark conditions.The differences of horizontal and vertical offsets of angle Kappa under two conditions were statistically significant (P<0.01).?CONCLUSION: The changes of pupil diameters in light and dark conditions could affect angle Kappa and then affect the accuracy of corneal refractive surgery centered on angle Kappa.

Objectives To study pregnant outcomes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET),and analyze the differences of pregnant outcomes in patients with various phenotypes of PCOS.Methods From Jan.2005 to Feb.2010,631 PCOS patients (PCOS group)and 1423 patients with tubal infertility (control group) who underwent IVF-ET with matched age and body mass index were selected in Center for Reproductive Medicine of the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University.Retrospective study was carried out,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between two groups.Results The rates of abortion and preterm birth in PCOS group were significantly higher than those in control group [22.7％ ( 143/631 ) vs.18.69％ (266/1423) and 11.2％ (38/339) vs.6.4％ (51/794) respectively,all P ＜0.05 ].The rates of gestational diabetes mellitus were 1.5％ (5/339) in PCOS and 0.6％ (5/794) in control group,respectively; the rates of pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome were 4.7％ (16/339) in PCOS and 3.0％ (24/794) in control group; gestational days were(272 ± 13) days in PCOS and(273 ± l0)days in control group; the rates of neonatal deformity were 0.6％ (2/339) in PCOS and O.8％ (6/794) in control group; weight of newborn infants in the two groups was(3.5 ±0.5 ) kg; and there was no significant difference between two groups in the above index ( all P ＞ O.05 ).Ovulatory PCOS patients had similar abortion rate [ 18.6％ (19/102) ] and preterm birth rate [ 8.2％ (4/49) ] when compared with those of control group (P ＞ 0.05 ).Conversely,oligo-ovulatory PCOS patients showed higher abortion rate [ 23.4％ ( 124/529 ) ] and preterm birth rate [ 11.7％ (34/290) ] than those of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions PCOS patients after IVF-ET have an increased abortion rate and preterm birth rate.However,ovulatory PCOS did not present various pregnancy complications.Non-polycystic ovary PCOS patients have worse pregnancy outcome.Ovarian dysfunction might be related to obstetric complications.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) in treatment of symptomatic uterine leiomyoma among Chinese reproductive age women.Methods From April 2010 to April 2012,80 premenopausal women with symptomatic leiomyoma volunteered to participate in this prospective study in Department of Outpatient of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Among 23 reproductive aged patients with size of uterus less than 16th gestational weeks,2.5 to 10 cm of diameter of myoma,less than 10 myomas and expressing symptoms clearly were treated by MRgFUS.Treatment data,non-perfused volume ratio (NPVR) and adverse events were recorded.After treatment,patients were followed up at 1 week,1,3,6,12 and 24 months,respectively.Patients at initial screening and each time of the follow-up filled out uterine fibroid symptoms quality of life (UFS-QOL),which include symptoms severity score (SSS) and health-related quality of life (HRQL).The volumes of leiomyoma and uterine were evaluated on MRI before and after the treatment (at 6 and 12 months,respectively).Before operation,routine blood test were performed on all patients,anemia patients at 3 months and 1 year after treatment were checked with blood test.Results (1) Treatment data and adverse events:the mean therapeutic temperature was (69 ± 7) ℃,the mean treatment time was (144 ±62) min,the mean NPVR was (62 ±23)％.Adverse events included mild erythema(1/23),abdominal cramp(8/23),vaginal discharge (5/23),and leg numbness (4/23).(2) The rate of secondary surgery:one patient was treated by myoectomy and hysterectomy within one year following up and 4 patients chose surgical treatment during the second-year follow-up.(3) Volume change:the volumes of leiomyoma before the treatment and 6,12 months after the treatment are 75.6 (P25 =43.8,P75 =128.9),52.3 (P25 =23.8,P75 =111.2),45.9 (P25 =26.3,P75 =71.7) cm3,respectively; and the volumes of uterine before the treatment and 6,12 months after the treatment are 270.0 (P25 =208.4,P75 =390.3),216.4 (P25 =151.1,P75 =290.0),200.0 (P25 =149.1,P75 =267.6) cm3,respectively.Both leiomyoma and uterine volumes decreased significantly after treatments (P ＜ 0.01).(4) UFS-QOL change:the symptoms severity score (SSS) before the treatment and 3,12 months after the treatment are (34 13),(22 ± 11),(19 ± 12),which decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.01).The health-related quality of life (HRQL) before the treatment and 3,12 months after the treatment are (74 ± 15),(82 ± 13),(89 ± 10),which increased dramatically (P ＜0.01).(5) Hemoglobin(HGB) change:eleven patients suffered from anemia before treatments,the mean HGB before treatment was (87 ±6) g/L and were (106 ± 14) g/L 3 months after treatment,(112 ± 10) g/L 12 months after treatment.The HGB was increased significantly after treatments (P＜0.01).Conclusions MRgFUS is a safe and effective non-invasive management for symptomatic uterine leiomyoma in short-term follow up.But there is additional treatment ratio after MRgFUS.

In the basis of a large amount of literatures, this article sumed up the characteristics and application of eggshell membrane.

Objective To evaluate the the effect of microalbuminuria of combined treatment with fosinopril and losartan,or fosinopril,losartan monotherapy in patients with hypertension.Methods In this double-blind, intention to treat study,136 patients with hypertension were randomly assigned to receive fosinopril 10 mg/d(n= 50),losartan 50 mg/d(n=41),or a combination of fosinopril 5 mg and losartan 25 mg (n=45) qd for 4 weeks, followed by titrating to the maximum recommended doses for another 4 weeks.The primary endpoint was the difference of mean sitting blood pressure and microalbuminuria excretion at baseline and week 8.Results At week 8,the combination of fosinopril and losartan therapy lowered mean mieroalbuminuria from baseline by 26.1?10~(-8) mol/L,significantly more than either monotherapy approaches (fosinopril 20 mg,18.3?10~(-8)mol/L,P

Objective To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect of Bushen Jiedu prescription on ionizing radiation induced sex hormone disorder.Methods Totally 72 adult rats with half male and half female were randonly divided into 6 groups,including control group,radiation group,Bushen Jiedu prescription group with male and female,with 12 rats in each group.After adaptive breeding for 2 d,the rats of Bushen Jiedu prescription group were given 0.2 ml water soluble granules of Bushen Jiedu prescription (1.38 g/ml) by gavage once a day for 10 days.At 11 d,the rats were irradiated by 5 Gy of 60Co γ-rays.24 h after radiation,6 rats in each group were executed to measure the level of sex hormone.The other rats were further gavaged with Bushen Jiedu prescription or its control once a day for 14 d,then were executed for sex hormone testing.Results At 1 d after radiation,the estrogen (E2) of female of Bushen Jiedu prescription group was significantly higher than that of radiation group (t =2.686,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with control group,the levels of follicule-stimulating hormone (FSH) (t =4.305,4.642,P ＜0.01) of male and female,the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) of male radiation group,and Bushen Jiedu prescription group were increased (t =4.537,2.336,P ＜ 0.01).At 14 d after radiation,the levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone in male rats of radiation group was higher than those in control group (t =-3.730,2.963,P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of E2 and progesterone of female was lower than those in control group (t =-5.424,-3.178,-2.690,-3.215,P＜0.01).Conclusions Ionizing radiation can induced sex hormone disorder,and Bushen Jiedu prescription can effectively inhibit this alteration,which indicates that Bushen Jiedu prescription is an ideal radiation protectant.

Expression of c-fos protein in the medulla oblongata after baroreceptor activation by elevated intrasinus pressure (ISP) and perfusion of adenosine (Ado) was examined in 14 vascularly isolated carotid sinus perfusion rats. The results showed that Fos-like immunoreactive(FLI) neurons were distributed throughout nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema, rostral ventrolateral medulla and nucleus raphe pallidus, and the number of FLI was increased with the elevation of ISP. Furthermore, perfusing the carotid sinus with Ado at a given ISP markedly increased the FLI in the above regions. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the c-fos expression in baroreflex pathway in medulla oblongata may be enhanced by elevated ISP and intrasinus perfusion of Ado, and Ado is capable of facilitating the baroreflex.

The present study was undertaken to define whether intracarotid injection of capsaicin induces Fos expression associated with the activation of NOS-containing neurons in brainstem nuclei by combining the immunocytochemical method for Fos with NADPH-d histochemical technique for NOS. The results obtained are as follows: (1) Intracarotid injection of capsaicin caused a significant increase of Fos-like immunoreactive neurons in area postrema (AP), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), paragigantocellularis lateralis (PGL) and locus coeruleus (LC), without influence upon the neurons of raphe nuclei (RN) and periaqueductal gray (PAG). (2) NO-containing neurons in PGL and NTS and the double-labeled neurons in PGL were also increased significantly following intracarotid injection of capsaicin. Small numbers of NO-containing neurons were found in LC, but there was no change in the number of NO-containing neurons in RN and PAG. No NADPH-d histochemical activity could be found in AP. (3) The above responses to capsaicin were significantly inhibited by pretreatment with either a capsaicin receptor antagonist ruthenium red or a NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. The above results indicate that intracarotid injection of capsaicin may activate the neurons in brainstem nuclei involved in cardiovascular regulation, and that NO only plays an indirect role in the modulation of the responses of brainstem nuclei to capsaicin. These effects of capsaicin are mediated by capsaicin receptors with involvement of glutamate.