Objective To observe the effect of sitagliptin combined with insulin aspart 30 in the treatment of secondary failure of sulphonylurea in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Fifty-six cases were divided into group A and group B in random block design, with 28 cases of each group. The patients in group A was treated with sitagliptin combined with insulin aspart 30, while the patients in group B was given subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart 30R. All patients were treated for 12 weeks. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose(2 hPG), glycosylated hemeglobin(HbA1c), insulin secretion index (HOMA-β), body mass index (BMI), and incidence of low blood glucose before and after treatment were compared. Results Compared with that in group B, FPG [(5.61 ± 1.14) mmol/L vs. (7.8 ± 1.22) mmol/L], 2 hPG [(7.62 ± 1.35) mmol/L vs(9.72 ± 1.41) mmol/L] and HbA1c [(7.11 ± 0.83)%vs.(8.32 ± 1.04)%] in group A had a significant decrease;HOMA-β[(50.31 ± 5.12) vs. (41.86 ± 4.53)] of group A was higher than that of group B (P

[Objective]To observe the histomorphology and ultrastructure of the intervertebral disc(I D) in the rat model with cervical vertebral unbalance of dynamic and static force.[Method]Sixty SD rates were randomly divided into 4 groups: 3 months,5 months,7 months and the control group.The cervical I D degeneration model was made by destroying the neck muscle of rats and the tissues wer collected every month.The number,area and thickness of the cartilage end-plate were measured by the means of Miyamoto's Classes.The ultrastructure of the apoptosis cells of the intervertebral disc was observed under the electron microscope.[Result]Compared with the control group,the 3 months group showed degeneratin changes,with disordered structure of the annular fibrosis and thickness increase of calcification layer and decrease of blood vessel unmber in the cartilage layer.Complete fibrosis was found in nucleus pulposus in 5 months model group,with the fibro lamellar structure disappeared and few blood vessel buds.The features of 7 months model group was similar to 5 months and osteophyma had been formed near the bordr of part intervertebal.Under the electron microscope,the number of surface projection and organelles was decreased.Fatty drop and apoptotic body could be seen in disc cells of 3 month model group.Few cells,broken collagen fibers in ECM and more cavitation cells for necrosis in 5 months and 7months model groups could be seen.[Conclusion]The cervical I D of model groups has shown typical morphological changes of degeneration and this trend was more serious with the time passing.In the early and middle stage of degeneration,the apoptosis cells can be seen,but in the terminal stage the cellular necrosis was more common.

0.05).Conclusion: rhGH can stimulate the growth of GHR2+ tumor cell lines such as SGC-7901 and weaken the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on GHR2+ tumor cells.However,such effect was not remarked for GHR+ tumor cells in vitro.

Combined with the five Zang Yin-Yang theory, to discuss the spinal marrow and cerebral Yin Yang state. As the internal organs, we believe that the spinal marrow and cerebral are substantial Yin and functional Yang. Further we can diagnose and treat the cerebral and spinal marrow injury related diseases. In the clinical therapy of acute and chronic cerebral and spinal marrow diseases, we should maintain the substantial Yin by avoiding injury, preventing spinal degeneration and maintaining the blood supply; and we should adjusting the functional Yang by nourishing the blood and promoting blood circulation, calming the liver to stop the wind, keep Yin and Weiqi in balance, tonifying the spleen and kidney etc. From the author's experience ,the patient with acute cerebral and spinal marrow injury diseases should be treated by regulating lung, liver, spleen and kidney to remove the wet water and purge the fire;the patient with chronic cerebral and spinal marrow injury diseases should be treated by regulating heart, liver, spleen and kidney to enhance Yang and nourish Yin.

Objective To establish a platinum resistance nude mice model of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and investigate its resistance to cisplatin (DDP) biological characteristics, so as to provide evidences for exploring chemoresistence mechanisms and screening for reversal targets in vivo micro-environment. Methods The resistance model was produced by repeating a crossover subcutaneous injection of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells labelled green fluorescent protein(GFP) and transplatation of tumor fragment into nude mice. Two kinds of cancer cell lines of SKOV3/DDPⅠand SKOV3/DDPⅡwere induced with acquired resistence to DDP. The chemosensitivities of EOC cells to DDP were tested and half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry (FCS). Dynamic analysis among the concentration of DDP treatment and cell apoptosis, cell cycle phase distribution and intracellular DDP concentration. The expression of PTEN, STAT5, XIAP, BRCA1 and MDR1 were examined by real time quantitative reverser transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) in vivo. Results IC50 value of cisplatin for SKOV3/DDPⅡ were 2.83 ± 0.12 and 3.82 ± 0.19 folds than those for SKOV3/GFP by MTT and flow cytometry, separately. SKOV3/DDPⅠwere 2.20±0.16 and 3.40±0.20 folds. The apoptosis rate of SKOV3/DDPⅡ and SKOV3/DDPⅠ were decreased significantly at 29.7 and 39.6μmol/L DDP when treatment for 36 hours,which were lower than that of SKOV3/GFP cells [(57.0±1.4)%vs (37.6 ± 4.36)%vs (83.1 ± 2.71)%,P=0.024;(74.4 ± 2.3)%vs (50.5 ± 3.4)%vs (87.4 ± 4.0)%,P=0.001]. SKOV3/DDPⅠ and SKOV3/DDPⅡ was positively related with cisplatin processing time. Intracellular DDP accumulation of SKOV3/DDPⅡand SKOV3/DDPⅠwere lower than SKOV3-GFP in dynamic processes(P<0.05). Besides intracellular DDP accumulation of SKOV3/DDPⅡ also lower than SKOV3/DDPⅠin dynamic processes (P<0.05). Transplanted tumor of SKOV3/GFP appeared organelle degradation and nuclear membrane imcompleted after five times DDP injection with concentration of 4 mg/kg. SKOV3/DDPⅡand SKOV3/DDPⅠdid not generate these phenomenon untill eighth DDP injections with concentration of 4 mg/kg. STAT5 and BRCA1 of SKOV3/DDPⅡwere increased with DDP treatment at concentration of 4 mg/kg. Expression of XIAP from SKOV3/DDPⅡwas positive correlated with injection times. STAT5,XIAP and BRCA1 of SKOV3/DDPⅡwere up-regulated 3.86,28.1 and 14.6 folds than those in SKOV3/GFP cells after eighth DDP treatment, separately. While PTEN of SKOV3/DDP Ⅱ was decreased 3.77 folds. Conclusions We have successfully established platinum-resistent EOC mice model,which provides a new platform for further study on chemoresistant reversal and individualized clinical treatment. The results shown that potential mechanisms of SKOV3/DDPⅡDDP-resistance included over-expressed BRCA1 gene may be promote DNA damage repair, elevate XIAP gene to decrease cell apoptosis,up-regulated STAT5 gene and decrease PTEN gene to stimulate proliferation.

Asthma ; physiopathology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves ; Oscillometry ; methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Function Tests

Objective To study the diagnostic and treatment value of wire guided localization of breast biopsy for non-palpable breast lesions.Methods The clinical data of 314 cases of non-palpable breast lesion resection operation in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The accuracy rate of resection and postoperative pathological examination results were analyzed.Results All lesions were positioned accurately and completely resected,48 cases in 314 cases were breast cancer(15.3 ％),in which 42 cases were early breast cancer which were confirmed by pathology (87.5％).Conclusion Wire guided localization of breast biopsy has high accuracy,low cost,which is useful for the diagnosis of early breast cancer,there is a certain value in clinical application.

Objective To study the clinical value of mammography and ultrasound needle localization biopsy technique in clinical nonpalpable breast disease.Methods 148 patients with negative clinical palpation were operated only because of the mammography or ultrasound findings of lesions.They were undergone localized excision biopsy and derived definite pathological diagnosis.By histopathology diagnosis,benign and malignant lesions,lesion size,complete resection rate were statistically analyzed.Results 21 cases in 148 cases were malignant lesions(14.2％),which were all early breast cancer.The other 127 cases were benign breast disease(85.8％).147 cases were successfully resected at the first time and 1 case was successfully resected at the second time.Conclusion Mammography and Ultrasound fine needle localized biopsy in nonpalpable breast disease diagnosis and treatment has great significance,which can raise early diagnosis rate of breast cancer without mass,and this method is simple and easy for promotion.

Objective The use of in vivo cryotechnique (IVCT) in combination with electrocardiograph (ECG) to study cardiac microcirculation under different hemodynamic conditions in living mouse.Methods Living mouse heart monitored by electrocardiograph was suffered from IVCT and freezing substitution under normal blood flow,myocardial ischemia or cardiac arrest conditions.Hematoxylin eosin (HE)staining,Schiff's staining and immunofluorescence staining for serum albumin,immunoglobulin were utilized on continuous paraffin sections,respectively.Confocal microscopy and statistical analyses were used.Results Comparing with normal hemodynamics,microvascular red cell volume reduction,morphology changed,myocardial cell glycogen loss,serum albumin ectopic distribution to myocardial cytoplasm,T tubular network failure and spacing width were happened in myocardial iscbemia condition; different shapes of red blood cells,myocardial cells glycogen deficiency,T tubular network failure and interval narrowing were found under cardiac arrest conditions.Conclusions Cardiac microcirculation,pathological changes of myocyte and its surrounding microenviroument in living mouse heart can be immediately captured in situ by the application of IVCT and ECG.

Objective To study the expression and signiifcance of phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in mice with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods Ninety-six 4-day-old mice were randomly divided into oxygen group and air group. Mice in oxygen group were exposed to a FiO2 of 65%, and mice in air group were exposed to air. On day 7, 14, 21 and 28, blood and lung tissue samples from 12 randomly selected mice in each group were obtained. The serum levels of MIF and PLTP were measured by ELISA assay. The morphological changes of lung tissue were ob-served with HE staining. Results The mice in oxygen group showed thickened lung parenchyma and obvious pulmonary ifbrosis. The radioactive alveolar count was signiifcantly lower in oxygen group than that in air group (P<0.01). PLTP level in air group was increased gradually from day 7 to day 21, and began to decrease on day 28. PLTP level in oxygen group was increased from day 7 to day 14, and decreased on day 21 and day 28. MIF level in air group did not change during the experiment. MIF level in oxygen group was signiifcantly increased from day 7 to day 21, and began to decrease on day 28. Conclusions MIF and PLTP may be good biomarkers for the diagnosis of BPD.