With the improvement of endoscopic technology,an increasing number of early esophageal cancer is diagnosed by gastroscopy.Regardless of the size or submucous fibrosis of esophageal cancer,endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) allows en bloc resection and histologically complete resection of the tumor.ESD has been recognized as an optimal treatment modality for early esophageal carcinoma.Currently,short-term curative effects of early esophageal cancer after ESD have been proved satisfactory,but the long-term outcomes remain unclear.This paper reviews the research advances about the long-term outcomes of ESD,and focuses on the postoperative stenosis,the recurrence,metastasis and survival rates of patients,to provide treatment reference for clinicians.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture plus puncturing the thirteen ghost points in treating diabetic gastroparesis.Method Sixty patients with diabetic gastroparesis were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by electroacupuncture plus puncturing the thirteen ghost points, while the control group was by electroacupuncture alone. The clinical efficacies were then compared.Result The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture plus puncturing the thirteen ghost points is an effective approach in treating diabetic gastroparesis.

Objective To explore the diagnostic and treatment method of inflammatory bowel obstruction after surgery.Methods The clinical data of 35 patinets with inflammatory bowel obstruction after surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Results Through the conservative treatment,28 cases were cured,accounting for 80.0％,and 4cases were markedly effective,accounting for 11.4％,and 3 cases were effective,accounting for 8.6％,and total effective rate was 100.0％ ;The anal exhaust time was(3.1 ± 0.8)d,and the average defecation time was(3.3 ±0.8)d,and the bowel sounds return time was(2.4 ± 0.5 ) d,and the average completion time of disappearance of symptomswas ( 5.6 ± 0.8 ) d,and the time body temperature returned to normal was (3.0 ± 0.5 ) d,and the mean treatment time was (9.4 ± 1.2)d.Conclusion The treatment of postoperative intestinal obstruction should be used with caution in surgical treatment,and non-surgical conservative treatment was safe and feasible and effective.

Cadherins that mediate the adhesion of the same type of cells by specific binding to calciumdependent adhesions of the same type with cadherins mainly consist of three subtypes including E-cadberin,P-cadherin and N-cadherin.In recent years,more and more studies have indicated that cadherins are closely related to triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)and play an important role in prognosis and treatment of TNBC.

Inductive chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy have been a focus on the clinical research in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cisplatin,as a kind of representative platinum drug,can improve the curative effect,but it also brings a lot of side effects to nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.The new kind of platinum drug-nedaplatin,can not only guarantee the curative effect but also reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of rectal resection for rectal cancer.Methods 35 patients with rectal cancer were diagnosed by pathological examination.They were treated with laparoscopic rectal cancer resection and conventional chemotherapy.The patients were followed up for 3 years.The operative time,blood loss,intraoperative and postoperative complications,postoperative recovery,death and so on were observed.Results The patients were operated successfully,and no tumor cells were found in the bowel edge.The average operative time was (171.74 ± 58.24) min,average blood loss was (85.74 ± 68.32) ml,there were no infection,bleeding,anastomotic complications.After 2 ～ 3 years of follow-up,there was 1 patient with liver metastases,and no local recurrence,no fecal incontinence and no deaths.Conclusion Rectal resection for rectal cancer had good effect and could improve patients' quality of life.

In recent years, monoclonal antibody comes to be a new and promising kind of treatment mode for malignant lymphoma, because of its advantages, such as target property, minimal residual of tumor cell in vivo and little side effect. The main methods include single agent therapy, combination with chemothera-py, combination with immunotoxin, radioimmunotherapy and etc.

Thrombolytic agents for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke have some limitations. Balloon angioplasty and stenting have become the research hotspot in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. 1his article reviews the effectiveness and safety of balloon angioplasty and stenting in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To study breathing characteristics of normal children of 6～7 years old when speaking in a normal manner.Methods RM 6240 physiological signal collection and processing system and Hx 100 respiratory transducer were used to collect the average peak expiratory pressure,inspiratory valley pressure,respiratory rate,respiratory depth from 160 normally speaking children.Results When speaking,the average peak expiratory pressure,inspiratory valley pressure,respiratory rate and respiratory depth of chest were all significantly increased (P<0.01);while that of abdomen was all reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01)except for respiratory rate(P<0.05)which was increased.In both respiratory conditions,all the data of abdomen were significantly larger than thaf of chest(P<0.01);all the data of boys were larger than that of girls(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion When speaking,it involves thoraco-abdominal breathing,and the increase of chest activity will increase the volume of inhaled air.The increase of abdominal activity is for better control of respiratory airflow.Abdominal breathing plays a main role in normal speaking.Boys'respiratory muscles,respiratory organs are developed better than girls.

Approximately 20%-30% of the patients with acute ischemic stroke do not have an angiographically demonstrable arterial occlusion. This article reviews the possible explanations for the absence of angiographically documented occlusion, the risk and the occurrence rate of cerebral infarction, the prognosis, and the effectiveness as well as the safety of thrombolytic therapy.