Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been the hot spot of rehabilitation and tissue engineered medicine.Due to their origination from the adult tissues,the multilineage differentiation potential and immune escape characteristics,MSCs become the ideal seed cells for cell transplant treatment.This article summarizes the biological characteristics of MSCs and its application in the treatment of liver disease.

Objective To analyze the cause of lower limbs swelling after knee arthroscopy operation, and compare the effect of gravity and pump irrigation system on lower limbs swelling after operation. Methods 60 patients after knee arthroscopic surgery were divided into the pump irrigation group and the gravity group with 30 patients in each group. We measured the perimeter of the lower limb pre and post operation and compared the operation time of each group. Results There were no significant differences in the perimeter of the lower limb and operation time between the gravity group and the pump irrigation group. Conclusions During knee arthroscopic surgery which cost less than 1 hour, there was no inlluence on lower limbs swelling whether using gravity or pump irrigation system.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine in short-term treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy accompanied by heart failure. Methods Sixty seven cases of dilated cardiomyopathy patients with heart failure were recruited and divided into two groups randomly,the control group(n = 33) had conventional therapy and the treatment group (n = 34) had conventional therapy plus oral tid 20 mg trimetazidine administration for 3 months. Results The heart function improved significantly in both groups. The overall effective rate was significantly lower in the control group than the treatment group(69. 7% vs. 88.2%,P ＜ 0. 05). In the treatment group, before treating the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output per minute (CO), 6 min walk test(6-MWT), were(28.7 ± 13. 6) %,(31.0 ± 8. 7) ml,(3. 10 ± 0. 49) L/min,(138.0 ± 30. 4) m respectively, and after treazing these indices were(38. 5 ± 9. 7) %,(48. 5 ± 6. 8) ml, (4. 90 ± 0. 98) L/min,(350. 0 ± 20. 4) m respectively, which increased significantly after treatment(Ps ＜0. 05). However,in the treatment group ,before treatment left ventricular. End-systolic dimension (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were (68. 0 ± 8. 0)mm,(70. 0 ± 7. 8) mm,(669. 0 ± 71.4) μg/L respectively, whereas after treatment these indices were(59. 0 ± 6. 7) mm,(68.0 ± 7. 9) μg/L,(340. 0 ± 56. 0) μg/L respectively, which decreased significantly after treatment(Ps ＜ 0. 05). In the control group, before treatment LVEF, SV, CO, 6-M WT were(28. 5 ±13.9) %,(30. 0 ± 9. 9) ml,(3.00 ± 0. 48) L/min,(130. 0 ± 28. 6) m respectively, whereas after treating these indices were(34. 0 ± 8. 5) %,(34. 0±11.0) ml,(3. 90 ± 0. 56) L/min,(254. 0 ± 30. 0) m, respectively,which increased significantly after treatment(Ps ＜ 0. 05). While in the control group, before treatment LVESD,LVEDD and BNP were (67.0 ± 9. 0) mm, (70. 0 ± 8.0) mm,(666. 0 ± 70. 8) μg/L respectively, whereas after treatment these indices were(60. 0 ± 5. 5) mm,(66. 0 ± 5.7) mm,(350. 0 ± 55.3) μg/L respectively, which decreased significantly after treatment (Ps ＜ 0. 05). Moreever, the improvement of these indices in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (Ps ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion The additional administration of trimetazidine to conventional anti-failure treatment can significantly improve the heart function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy,which is worth to be generalized clinically.

Objective Inaccurate dosing is an important cause of medical malpractice, how to adjust the medication dose to overcome the excessive deviation will be discussed in this paper. Methods Gold zone method was proposed on the basis of the probability theory and mathematical statistics for handling inaccurate dosing problems. Investigation and study in large sample size was carried out on adverse reactions of Cefamandole Nafate for Injection by adopting the method. Results The conclusions from the super large sample size test indicate that there is highly significant difference of total adverse reaction rates between taking values within and outside golden zone of dosage, and the adverse reaction rate of taking values within golden zone is significantly lower than that of outside golden zone. It is noteworthy that when dosage was lower than golden zone,the adverse reaction rate was significantly increased,which is more than 4 times of that within golden zone. Conclusion It is effective measures and simply and easy to apply that taking values within golden zone of dosage reduce adverse drug reactions,probability within golden zone less than 1/4 range of experience that contains the actual demand of the body up to 70%.

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type Ⅰ( APS-Ⅰ) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in autoimmune regulator gene( AIRE) . A number of mutations have been described in the AIRE gene of patients with APS-Ⅰ, including nonsense mutation, missense mutation, silent mutation, splice site mutation, insertions and deletions mutation, et al. The mutation characteristics of the APS-Ⅰ pathogenic gene have been reviewed in the article.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum amyloid A(SAA)in diagnosing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods A total of 86 patients with AECOPD and 46 patients with stable COPD were recruited.SAA determined with ELISA was compared between AECOPD patients and stable COPD patients.The changes of SAA,WBC,the percentage of neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP) of AECOPD patients Was compared before and immediately after the last treatment procedure.Results The SAA levels in AECOPD patients were higher than those in stable COPD patients [(182.33±50.12)mg/L vs (6.24±3.05)mg/L,P<0.05].The change of SAA was more evident than that of serum WBC and the percentage of neutrophils before and after the treatment procedure. SAA was more sensitive than CRP in diagnosing lung function severity of AECOPD patients.Conclusion SAA has great diagnostic value in AECOPD diagnosis and evaluation of lung function severity.

Urinary tract infection (UTI)is a commonly encountered disease during routine clinical care. In the mean time, it is also a commonly encountered hospital acquired infection. UTI possesses various clinical symptoms, and usually the symptoms are atypical. The detection of leukocyturia and bacteriuria is an essential index for screening and confirmatory diagnosis of UTI. This article summarized the pathogenesis of UTI, diagnostic criteria, clinical significance and application evaluation of detection of the WBC and bacteria in urine.

Thyroid hormone insensitive syndrome is an inherited disease characterized by decreased target tissue responsiveness to thyroid hormone. Most cases are due to thyroid hormone receptor β gene mutation. Two novel types of thyroid hormone insensitive syndrome were recently identified, which are caused by gene mutations of MCT8, a specific thyroid hormone transporter, and SBP2 in the synthesis of deiodinase.

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adult bone marrow can alter alloimmune response in vitro and vivo. Their potentiality is great in solid organ transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To develop MSC antirejection therapy and identify behind mechanishm of MSCs immunomodulation ability. METHODS: We searched Pubmed (1994-Mar.2009) with the key words of "mesenchymal stem cells, solid organ transplantation, tolerance, immunosuppression, animal model". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 262 English articles about influence and mechanism of action of adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on solid organ transplantation were collected. The 49 suitable articles were included without earlier publication time, repeated and analogous study. Human mesenchymal stem cells did not express MHC2 Ⅱ antigen and T cell costimulatory molecules B7. Coculture with allogenic T lymphocytes could not induce T cell proliferation, but inhibited mixed lymphocyte reaction and mitogenstimulated T cell proliferation. Inhibitory effects of mesenchymal stem cells on T cell proliferation were not limited by major histocompatibility complex. Mesenchymal stem cells no matter from donors or recipients had similar immunoloregulation effects. Allogene mesenchymal stem cells could cause immunereaction in vivo, no complete immune privilege. The in vivo effects of mesenchymal stem cells will strongly depend on their localization and migration pattern after injection. Therefore, MSCs are interesting candidate cells for tolerance induction in clinical organ transplantation.