Objective To explore the value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in diagnosis and treatment of asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS).Methods A total of 195 patients categorized into elderly ACOS,asthma,COPD and chronic cough groups were consecutively admitted from September 2013 to June 2014 in our hospital.All patients were examined with chest imaging,fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test,and pulmonary function tests to analyze the differences in FeNO,FEV1/pred％ and FEV1/FVC among four groups,and to detect the relevance of FeNO to FEV1/pred％ and FEV1/FVC within each group.Results Both of the ACOS and asthma groups had higher FeNO values than the COPD and control groups [(30.9 ± 27.8,34.5 ± 29.4) vs.(17.3 ± 9.9,16.1 ± 8.6),P ＜ 0.05],while the values of FEV1/pred％ and FEV1/FVC in the ACOS and COPD groups were significantly lower than those in the other twogroups [FEV1/pred％,(52.9±8.4,53.5 ±9.6) vs.(81.1 ±5.9,85.7 ±7.1),allP＜0.05; FEV1/FVC,(51.9 ± 7.2,50.7 ± 7.1) vs.(79.2 ± 4.8,81.0 ± 5.9),all P ＜ 0.05].Although FeNO was directly related to FEV1/pred％ in the control group,there were no significant correlation between FeNO and FEV1/pred％ (or FEV1/FVC) in the other three groups [ACOS group,r =0.115,-0.007 (P =0.464,0.963) ; asthma group,r =0.038,0.045 (P =0.772,0.733) ; COPD group,r =0.097,0.010(P=0.498,0.944); control group,r =0.315,0.091 (P =0.045,0.571)].Conclusions The combination of FeNO and pulmonary function tests can facilitate the differential diagnosis of ACOS and other chronic obstructive airways disorders.For the elderly COPD patients with higher FeNO values,it should be noted whether they were complicated by ACOS or not.Furthermore,the inhalation of corticosteroid can be used to reduce the airway inflammation in these patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) growth arrest specific transcript 5(GAS5) negatively regulating nucleophosmin 1(NPM1) on cisplatin(DDP) resistance of gastric cancer cells.Methods The normal human gastric mucosa cell line GES-1 and human gastric cancer cell lines BG3-823,MGC-803 and AGS were selected as the research objects,of which the level of LncRNA GAS5 in each cell was measured by qRT-PCR.The drug resistance of AGS cells to DDP(AGS/DDP) was induced,and the experiment was divided into control group,empty plasmid group(BC group),GAS5 nonsense interference group(pLJM-GAS5 NC group) and GAS5 overexpression group(pLJM-GAS5 group).MTT method was used to determine the effect of DDP on the proliferation of AGS and AGS/DDP cells;and the levels of NPM1,multidrug resistance 1(MDR1),excision repair cross complementation group 1(ERCC1),multidrug resistance-associated protein 1(MRP1) and N-cadherin in AGS and AGS/DDP cells were measured by Western blot.Results Compared with the normal gastric mucosa GES-1 cells,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in BG3-823 and AGS cells decreased significantly,and among them,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS cells was the lowest,so AGS cells were used for the follow-up experiments.Compared with the control group,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS cells of BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group decreased significantly,while the levels of NPM1,MDRl,ERCC1,MRP1 and N-cadherin increased significantly;compared with BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS/DDP cells of pLJM-GAS5 group increased significantly,while the levels of NPM1,MDR1,ERCC1,MRP1 and N-cadherin decreased significantly;after treatment with DDP of the same concentration(except 0 μmol/L),compared with the control group,the inhibition rate of AGS/DDP cell proliferation in BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group decreased significantly;compared with BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group,the inhibition rate of AGS/DDP cell proliferation in pLJM-GAS5group was significantly higher.The semi inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) of DDP on AGS/DDP cells in pLJM-GAS5 group for 48 h was(65.38±5.04) μmol/L,which was significantly lower than(120.74±4.17) μmol/L and(120.24±4.29) μmol/L in BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group.Conclusion Up-regulating the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS/DDP cells can reverse the drug resistance of AGS/DDP cells,which may be related to the down-regulation of NPM1expression

BACKGROUND; Studying the pathogenesis and rule of intestinal barrier damage under exercise stress will provide theoretical evidence for preparing intestinal barrier protectant under this state.OBJECTIVE : To observe the changes in intestinal barrier of rats following different intensities of swimming exercise. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Laboratory of Exercise Sciences & Sports Medicine, Huibei University; Basic Laboratory, Medical College, Wuhan University.MATERIALS: Thirty-six healthy male SD rats, aged 3 weeks, were involved and randomized into 3 groups: control group (n =10), proper exercise group (n =12) and excessive exercise group (n =14). The rats of three groups were raised in the same condition.METHODS:①Control group: Rats did not exercise normally. ②Proper exercise group: Rats swam without loading. In the first 3 days, they adaptatively swam for 30 minutes and gradually for 60 minutes within 1 week, then they swam once a day, 6 times a week, 6 weeks in total. ③Excessive exercise group: In the first 3 days, they adaptatively swam for 30 minutes and gradually for 120 minutes within 1 week. After trained for 1 week, they were given excessive swimming training. Then, they were forced to swan once a day, 6 times a week, within 4 weeks successively. Within later 2 weeks, the rats were forced to swan once in the morning and evening separately, 6 times a week.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Intestinal barrier parameter: intestinal mucosal permeability, plasma endotoxin, becterium shift rate.②Intestinal mucosal membrane structure.RESULTS: Thirty-six rats were involved in final analysis.①After excessive exercise, plasma endotoxin of rats was doubly increased, intestinal mucosal permeability was enhanced by 2.5 times, and bacterium shift rate was increased by 230%.②Proper exercise had no obvious influences on the structure of intestinal mucosal membrane tissue of rats, and excessive exercise expanded Golgi complex in the intestinal epithelial cells and rough endoplasmic reticulum of rats, caused severe edema of epithelial cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells.CONCLUSION: Proper exercise improves intestinal function of body; excessive exercise causes intestinal barrier injury of body and pathological syndrome of digestive system.

Objective To systematic evaluate the prevalence of secondhand smoke among Chinese mainland rural residents by meta?analysis,so as to provide reference for making relevant smoking control regulations and the carry out of targeted tobacco control action. Methods The related stud?ies were searched and collected from PubMed,CNKI,Wanfangdata,VIP and CBM database,which were published between 2001 and 2015 about the prevalence of secondhand smoke among Chinese mainland rural residents. Meta?analysis was tested by software CMA V2. Results The pooled prevalence of secondhand smoke among Chinese mainland rural residents was 46.6%(95%CI 40.5%?52.8%). Stratified analysis showed that the prevalence of secondhand smoke were 45.7%and 47.5%for male and female,45.7%and 51.1%for eastern and midwest China,22.1%、34.2%and 71.3%for public place,workplace and family,respectively. The prevalence among sex,regions,and places were statistically significant. Conclusion The prevalence of secondhand smoke among Chinese mainland rural residents was relatively high,and the prevalence of secondhand smoke was higher in women than in men,in midwest area than in eastern area,and at family than at public place and at workplace.

Objective　To study the histologic source, clinical features and treatment methods of leiomyoma of the vagina. Methods　From January of 1988 to January of 1999, 25 patients with leiomyoma of the vagina were retrospectively analyzed. Results　The clinical features of leiomyoma of the vagina were slow in growth and solitary in number. Leiomyoma of the vagina can be recurrence and sarcomatous change. The symptoms of leiomyoma of the vagina depended on the size and location of the leiomyoma. Treatment consisted of surgical excision by vagina. Conclusions　Leiomyoma of the vagina is a rare condition. Whenever such a tumor is detected, it has to be removed immediately to prevent further growing and sarcomatous change in the future.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tiotropium bromide in treating stable mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Methods A randomized,double-blind,parallel comparison clinical trial was conducted in 40 patients with COPD. Twenty patients in tiotropium bromide group were treated by tiotropium bromide powder,and another twenty patients in controll group were given ipratropium,in contrast. The spirometry of both groups was conducted. 4 weeks after treatment. Results The forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) and forced vital capacity(FVC) in two groups were significantly increased after treatment( P<0.01 ). The increase of FEV1 in tiotropium bromide group was higher than that in controll group after 4-week. There was no significant differ-ence in rescue medication consumptions. The incidence of adverse effects has no statistical difference between two groups. Conclusion Tiotropium bromide is an effective and safe bronchodilator in treating patients with COPD.

Adrenomedullin is a vasodilative peptide found in 1993. It has been proved that proadrenomedullin can be divided into 4 peptides by endoenzyme. Proadrenomedullin N terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) is one of them. PAMP has many functions on cardiovascular physiology. But so far the relationship between PAMP and cardiovascular diseases has not been found. In this study its plasma levels in the patients with essential hypertension(EH) and heart failure(HF) were investigated with its pathophysiological effect discussed. The plasma levels of PAMP, endothilin(ET), Angiotension II(AT II) were measured with RIA, and norepinephrine(NE), epinephrine(E) were measured with HPLC. the plasma level of PAMP in the control group was 18 42?2 33ng/L, and was 1 62 times higher in EH group than in the control group, and was 1 53 times higher in HF group as compared with the control group respectively ( P

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; virology

This study was aimed to observe curative effect of periarthritis of shoulder with activating brain and re-gaining consciousness acupuncture method combined with surrounding needling acupuncture on shoulder joint. A to-tal of 120 patients were randomly divided into the treatment group (60 cases) and the control group (60 cases) on the basis of routine internal medicine treatment and rehabilitation exercises. Cases in the control group received conven-tional acupuncture treatment. And cases in the treatment group received activating brain and regaining conscious-ness acupuncture method combined with surrounding needling acupuncture on shoulder joint. The treatment course was 28 days. And then, the curative effect evaluation was conducted. The results showed that the effective rate was 73.33% in the control group and 93.34% in the treatment group. There was statistical significance on effective rate between both groups(P< 0.05). It was concluded that the activating brain and regaining consciousness acupuncture method combined with surrounding needling acupuncture on shoulder joint had significant curative effects for peri-arthritis of shoulder. This treatment method is worthy of further popularization and application.

One of the key contents in tissue engineering trachea replacement research is the scaffold selection.This review summarizes the latest original literatures and investigations about electrospun technique as well as recent progress.To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of natural,synthetic and combined electrospun scaffolds,the versatility in material choosing and production methods is the unique superiority.For specific experimental or clinical objects,the further research is to choose a suitable polymer,to improve surface modification techniques and to control the dimension and arrangement of the fibrous structure of electrospun fibers,which can offer versatility and tissue specificity,and therefore provide a bright prospect for tissue engineering trachea.