Stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1)is an early cell growth factor which belongs to a subfamily of chemokines.The CXCR4 is SDF-1 receptor.The SDF-1 interacting with CXCR4 plays important roles in physiological and pathological processes such as hematopiesis, stem cell homing,angiogenesis and leukemic cells infiltrating.To study the expression of CXCR4 in leukemia and the relationship between CXCR4 and leukemic cells infiltration can add indicators for leukemic MIC diagnosis of immunology indexes and have great significance to take molecule targeted therapy for preventing leukemia from infiltration or relapse as well.

We reported 2 cases of descending neerotizing mediastinitis (DNM) and reviewed the related literatures. The etiology, clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies of DNM were discussed. It is concluded that descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a life-threatening disease with high mortality and is prone to be misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis, prompt application of sensitive broad-spectrum antibiotics and abscess drainage with proper surgical medality may improve the prognosis of DNM.

Objective　To study the effect of the combined use of aminoguanidine (AG) and cyclosporine A (CsA) on acute rejection following cardiac allograft. Methods　Except the control group, all other three groups were respectively treated by AG 600mg/kg every day subcutaneously 0 to 7 days after transplantation, low-dose CsA 2mg/kg every day i.m 0 to 7 days after transplantation, and low-dose CsA plus AG. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production during acute allograft rejection were detected at 4th day after operation, and the graft survival was observed.Results　Compared with the control group, iNOS expression and NO production were significantly inhibited in the AG-treated group (P＜0.05)，the progression of acute rejection was slightly attenuated and allografted heart survival prolonged. The inhibitory effects of iNOS activity and NO production in the recipients receiving the combined treatment of low-dose CsA plus AG were higher than those receiving low-dose CsA alone. Compared with the low-dose CsA group, low-dose CsA plus AG could significantly reduce the histologic grade of acute rejection (P＜0.01) and prolong the graft survival (P＜0.05). Conclusion　The combined use of low-dose CsA and AG could synergistically suppress iNOS activity and NO production, and significantly prolong allografted heart survival.

Objective To study the histopathologieal features,growth pattern and distribution on the uterine cervix of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).Methods Cone biopsy and hysterectomy specimens of 592 women with hish.grade CIN(CIN Ⅱ or Ⅲ)were reviewed morphologically.Of all cases.the gross appearance of the external os was recorded,and the frequency of eervical quadrants involved in hish-grade CIN was assessed.Two hundred specimens were selected randomly to observe micrographieal changes,including the extent,depth,growth pattern and cell types of hish-grade CIN and the alteration of stroma surrounding CIN.Results Of 592 specimens,external os showed smoothness in 46 cases(7.8%),mild erosion in 151 cases(25.5%),moderate or severe erosion in 395 cases(66.7%),hypertrophy in 48 cases(8.1%),and neoplasm in 4 cases(0.7%).Higll-grade CIN involvement was equally frequent on each quadrant of cervix(P>0.05).Of 200 cases of hish-grade CIN reviewed micrographically,the depth of the deepest involred crypt was le88 than 3 mm in 188 specimens (94.O%).between 3 to 5 nnn in 12 specimens(6.O%),and more than 5 mm in none.High-grade CIN with isolated endocervieal crypt involvement was detected in 77 cases(38.5%),multiple crypt involvement in 143 cases(71.5%).and confluent crypt involvement in 73 cases(36.5%).Hish-grade CIN showed explanate in 81.0%(162/200)of cases,endophytie in 49.0%(98/200)of cages,and exophytic in 6.5%(13/200)of cases.Abrupt transition between CIN and normal epithelia were found in 167 specimens (83.5%),whereas gradual transition in 66 specimens(33.0%).A variety of cell types,but basaloid type predominantly.were observed in hiSh-grade CIN.In 28.5%-45.0%of ca8es,the stroma surroundin CIN displayed oedema,desmoplastic and lymphocytic responses.Conclusions Our data suggest that gross examination is of little importance for diagnoses of CIN.CIN trend to spread horizontally and Mong the endocervical crypts,and are mainly distributed to a depth less than 3 nLrn.These data also suggest that there are a variety of cell types of CIN,and stroma responses to CIN may exist in part of high-grade CIN.

Malignant obstructive jaundice is biliary obstruction caused by malignant tumors.When a patient presents to a doctor,he/she is usually too late to be operated,so endoscopic treatment has gradually replaced surgery in its management.Diagnostic endoscopic methods include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP),endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS),and per oral cholangioscopy (POCS),etc.Biliary stent placement at ERCP is the mainstay of endoscopic palliation for jaundice.Other methods include EUS-guided bilioenteric drainage (EGBD),endoscopic radiofrequency ablation,intraluminal brachytherapy of bile duct,endoscopic photodynamic therapy,etc.Magnetic Compression Anastomosis Technique (MCAT) is a new technology which has been developed recently,and its role in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice remains to be seen.Science and technology have brought along progress in endoscopic and consumable technologies.It is predicted that in the future,endoscopic diagnosis and treatment will have more applications.

Micronutrients are closely associated with the progression of diabetes and its complications. Diabetic patients are susceptible to micronutrient deficiency. In this article, we summarize the preventive and therapeutic effects of micronutrients including zinc, selenium, magnesium, and chromium on diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate alexithymia , personality characteristic and mental condition in patients with essential hypertension. Methods Fifty-one patients with essential hypertension were assessed using Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ), Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) and the symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90). The results were compared with those of Chinese ordinary model. Results The E score of EPQ of the patients with essential hypertension was lower than that of the Chinese ordinary model, while the N, P and L scores was higher. The total score and the scores of all factors of SCL-90 were significantly higher than that of Chinese ordinary model. The total score of TAS-20 and score of factor 1, factor 2 were positively correlated with the scores of all factors of SCL-90, while factor 3 score had no significant correlation with SCL-90. The E score of EPQ was negatively correlated with the scores of all factors of SCL-90, while N and P score were positively correlated with them. Conclusion Patients with essential hypertension were inner personality, unstable psychological status and neuroticism showing alexithymia and obvious psychological symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Chitosan is commonly prepared using emulsion freeze-drying methods, which is complexly operated. OBJECTIVE: To introduce a simple methods for the preparation of chitosan and analyze its biological characteristic. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Controlled observation experiments were carried out in the Central Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medical University (Shenyang, Liaoning, China) from April to December in 2007. MATERIALS: Ten Wistar rats of 8 weeks old and SPF grade were adopted. Chitosan powder in separated packs, with 99% purity and 99% deacetylation degree were the product of Shandong Jinan Ocean Bio-Product Co., Ltd. (China). METHODS: Acetic acid solution was added into chitosan to prepare 8% chitosan acetic acid hydrosol, which was then stayed for one day. Flowing the immersion into the hydrosol and immediate dislodgement, plastic tube was soaked in 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide for 3 minutes. Hydrosol out of the tube etiolated and coagulated into jells, the tube was removed when the jells were semi-dried. Subsequent to complete drying, chitosan tubes were prepared as an internal diameter of 5 mm, and were cut into many segmentations (length 2 mm). The prepared tubes were subcutaneously implanted into rat muscular tissues at right McBurney point, while rat left muscular tissues were only incised and sutured, taking as controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gross observation of chitosan tube, degradation percentage of chitosan tubes in rat muscular tissue, and tissue inflammation change around chitosan tube detected by hematoxylin-eosin stain. RESULTS: The surface of chitosan tube was smooth and the tenacity was good. Intramuscular implantation test showed that 50% and 90% chitosan tubes were absorbed by tissues in 4 weeks and 8 weeks postoperatively. Inflammatory reaction surrounding tubes was decreased gradually. CONCLUSION: It gives a new kind of way to prepare chitosan tube, with few materials, low cost, simple operation and short time. The prepared chitosan tubes approve the good histocompatibility and biological degradation.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the bioequiavailability of two simvastatin preparations in human bodies.METHODS:A total of 18 healthy male volunteers were enrolled in a randomized crossover study in which the subjects were randomly assigned to receive single dose of 40mg simvastatin orally disintegrating tablet(test) or simvastatin tablets(reference).The plasma concentrations of simvastatin were determined by LC-MS,and the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were calculated with 3p97 program.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetics of simvastatin test and reference preparations were fitted the one-compartment model.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the two preparations were as following:Cmax:(6.73?5.22) vs.(7.08?5.41)ng?mL-1、tmax:(2.11?0.74)vs.(1.89?0.85)h,AUC0～12:(19.83?19.09)vs.(19.98?18.20)ng?h?mL-1,AUC0～∞:(22.18?20.09)vs.(22.41?21.07)ng?h?mL-1.The relative bioavailability of simvastatin orally disintegrating tabl-et as against simvastain tablet(reference) was (99.25?13.11)%.CONCLUSION:Simvastatin test and reference preparations were bioequivalent.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and dextromethorphan hydrobromide in pediatric pseudoephedrine dextromethorphan drops. METHODS:The separation was performed nomn .A Tghilee nftl oCw18 rcaotelu wmans wseitth a tm 0o.b6i lme Lp?hmasien -o1f amnedt hthaen oiln-j ewcatitoern- vtroieluthmynla mwainse 1(05 ?60L .∶ 4R3E0S ∶ U10L,TSp:H=Th3e. 0l)ineaat rd reatnegctei own ewrea v7e.3le4n～gt7h3 o.4f ?2g0?9 mL-1 for pseudoephedrine hydrochloride(r=0.999 9,n=5)with an average recovery of 99.1%(RSD=0.76%,n=9)and 2.55～25.5 ?g?mL-1 for dextromethorphan hydrobromide(r=0.999 9,n=5)with an average recovery of 98.0%(RSD=0.87%,n=9). CONCLUSION:The method is accurate and reproducible for quality control of pediatric pseudoephedrine dextrometharphan drops.