Stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1)is an early cell growth factor which belongs to a subfamily of chemokines.The CXCR4 is SDF-1 receptor.The SDF-1 interacting with CXCR4 plays important roles in physiological and pathological processes such as hematopiesis, stem cell homing,angiogenesis and leukemic cells infiltrating.To study the expression of CXCR4 in leukemia and the relationship between CXCR4 and leukemic cells infiltration can add indicators for leukemic MIC diagnosis of immunology indexes and have great significance to take molecule targeted therapy for preventing leukemia from infiltration or relapse as well.

China ; Humans ; Medicine ; Nobel Prize

Toll-like receptors(TLRs), as the family members of type Ⅰ transmembrane receptors, play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, TLRs are believed to be the cntical receptors in innate immunity . Innate immunity activated by the recognition of exogenous or endogenous by TLRs induces multiple cytokines that is the key factor to affect differentiation of naive T cells. Abnormal activation of TLIRs may cause the functional imbalance of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg, resulting in the occurence of autoimmune disease.

Micronutrients are closely associated with the progression of diabetes and its complications. Diabetic patients are susceptible to micronutrient deficiency. In this article, we summarize the preventive and therapeutic effects of micronutrients including zinc, selenium, magnesium, and chromium on diabetes mellitus.

China ; Food Safety ; Risk Assessment

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (JCEM), sponsored by U.S. Endocrine Society, is particularly appreciated by clinical endocrine doctors worldwide. It is intimately related to clinical practice while still catching up state of art research methods and recent discoveries and its creativity, novelty, scientific reliability, feasibility and readability are highly appraised. Compared to JCEM, our Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism seems to be inadequate in certain aspects and needs to be improved in the future.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of digital mammography(DM) and color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) for small breast carcinoma and axillary lymph nodes metastasis.Methods DM and ultrasonographic findings of 60 cases with breast nodules less than 2.0 cm in diameter were analyzed and diagnosed by experienced radiologists and ultrasonography doctors with double blind method and compared with pathological results.Results Among 60 cases, 60 breast nodules and 96 axillary lymph nodes (45/96 metastatic nodes) were both found by DM and CDUS,including 36 cases of breast cancer and 24 cases of benign lesions. The sensitivity and accuracy of DM in diagnosis of small breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes metastasis were significantly higher than that of CDUS, especially for the lesions were less than 1 cm in size (P

BACKGROUND: Iron metabolism disorder has been proved to be a key factor of Parkinson's disease, but research on brain iron metabolism is still immature, and the role of glial cells in the brain iron metabolism remains unclear. Many studies have pointed that microglia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, which closely related to iron.OBJECTIVE: To further explore the relationship between microglia and neurons in iron metabolism based on our previous study, and to clarify the role of microglia in iron-induced selective damaged dopaminergic neurons of Parkinson's disease.METHODS: This was an in vitro cellular experiment, which was finished in the Medical College of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, China. The effects of conditioned medium of microglia on the survival rate of mesencephalic neurons and iron metabolism were observed by changing the iron levels in microglia.Lipopolysaccharide was used to activate different iron-loaded microglia, and then the effects of conditioned medium on the survival rate of mesencephalic neurons and iron metabolism were determined. The effects of different iron levels in microglia on microglia and inflammatory factors and lactoferrin released from the activated microglia were detected by siRNA and ELISA. The effects of these inflammatory factors and lactoferrin on the survival of mesencephalic neurons and iron metabolism were observed. The iron levels in mesencephalic neurons were changed, and then added into the above conditioned medium to observe the survival of neurons and iron metabolism. This experimental protocol was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (No. 01482311234). All experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals issued by the United States National Institutes of Health.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Our study results show that the function of microglia is closely related to the iron metabolism in nigra dopaminergic neurons. Research on the rational use of microglia to prevent neuronal degeneration gives a strong impetus to the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Objective To observe the relationship among follicular development and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) and IGF-Ⅰ receptor (IGF-ⅠR) mRNA during ovulation stimulation period in an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) program. Methods IGF-Ⅰ levels in serum samples obtained before (menstrual day 3) and after stimulated (at the time of ovum pick-up) and follicular fluid samples were measured by ELISA. The expression of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in the granulosa cell obtained from follicular aspiration was determined by RT-PCR. Results There was no significant difference between IGF-Ⅰ levels of serum samples before or after stimulated and follicular fluid. In patients with less than 4 follicls (diameter≥14 mm) at the time of ovum pick-up the IGF-Ⅰ mRNA level was significantly lower than that in patients with more than 4 follicles. Conclusion The serum IGF-Ⅰ levels fail to predict the numbers of follicular development; the levels of IGF-ⅠR mRNA in granulosa cells forecast the responsiveness of ovary to the stimulation of gonadotropins in an IVF program.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and dextromethorphan hydrobromide in pediatric pseudoephedrine dextromethorphan drops. METHODS:The separation was performed nomn .A Tghilee nftl oCw18 rcaotelu wmans wseitth a tm 0o.b6i lme Lp?hmasien -o1f amnedt hthaen oiln-j ewcatitoern- vtroieluthmynla mwainse 1(05 ?60L .∶ 4R3E0S ∶ U10L,TSp:H=Th3e. 0l)ineaat rd reatnegctei own ewrea v7e.3le4n～gt7h3 o.4f ?2g0?9 mL-1 for pseudoephedrine hydrochloride(r=0.999 9,n=5)with an average recovery of 99.1%(RSD=0.76%,n=9)and 2.55～25.5 ?g?mL-1 for dextromethorphan hydrobromide(r=0.999 9,n=5)with an average recovery of 98.0%(RSD=0.87%,n=9). CONCLUSION:The method is accurate and reproducible for quality control of pediatric pseudoephedrine dextrometharphan drops.