Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of AIDS related health education on Chinese university students,and to provide reference for effective prevention and control of AIDS in universities. Methods: Chinese and English databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,VIP Database,China Biology Medicine disc and PubMed were searched to find literature on the effects of AIDS health education on Chinese university students,which was published from June 30th of 2010 to June 30th of 2019. Rate difference（RD）was adopted as the effect index for the meta-analysis. Results: A total of 173 articles were found out,28 articles of which were included. There were 48 037 study samples,with 23 020 students in the intervention group and 25 017 students in the control group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group,the awareness rates of knowledge about condom（RD=0.21,95%CI：0.11-0.32）and mosquito transmission（RD=0.34,95%CI：0.25-0.43）,the rates of positive attitude to having class with HIV/AIDS（RD=0.21,95%CI：0.12-0.31）and being AIDS prevention volunteers（RD=0.14,95%CI：0.06-0.23）,and the rate of avoiding unprotected sexual behaviors（RD=0.30,95%CI：0.22-0.38）in the intervention group were significantly improved. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the awareness rate of knowledge about mosquito transmission in the comprehensive intervention based on peer education group was significantly improved（RD=0.43,95%CI：0.32-0.53）;the rate of positive attitude to having class with HIV/AIDS in medical students was significantly improved（RD=0.40,95%CI：0.35-0.46）. No publication bias was found by Begger's test and Egger's test. Conclusion Through AIDS health education,the awareness of AIDS-related knowledge among Chinese university students has been obviously improved,while the intervention of attitude and behaviors still needs to be strengthened with the promotion of comprehensive intervention based on peer education.