The DICOM standard has greatly promoted the development of Medical Imaging and Communication. It′ s necessary to extract the pixels and convert the bytes to the format we need when process the DICOM files. JAVA open-source toolkit can be used to do this conversion with much convenience.

CHN (the standards of skeletal maturity of hand and wrist for Chinese) is becoming more and more important in rencent years. At present, CHN bone age is applied in forecasting body height, menophania date, infantile endocrine diseases, judicial identification, orthopedics and so on. The clinical application of CHN bone age is introducted. In addition, the existing problems and future trends of bone age are pointed out.

The physical basis and imaging principle of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) are introduced and focus on the diagnosis and evaluation of brain disease, including cerebral infarction, intracranial tumour, brain abscess and necrotic cystic tumour differential diagnosis. Its application and existent problems are analyzed and views its development foreground.

Objective To investigate the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in diagnosing gastric cancer. Methods The MSCT signs of 48 gastric cancers proved histologically were evaluated retrospectively. Results The main CT signs included thickening of gastric wall and mass.The lesion showed marked enhancement in the arterial and portal venous phases, and 35 cases showed marked enhancement in the portal venous phase compared with the arterial phase. 12 cases had tumor invasion in the adjacent organs and lymph mode metastasis, and 11 cases had tumor distant metastasis. The accurate rate of enhancement staging was 87 5%. Conclusions MSCT enhancement scan can help us evaluate the lesion more perfectly, and also is helpful in diagnosing and staging of gastric cancer.

[Objective]To investigate the clinical value of computed radiography(CR),computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in spinal tuberculosis.[Method]Forty-one patients with histologically confirmed spinal tuberculosis underwant imaging examinations.Forty-one patients were performed CR,22 CT and 31 MRI.[Result]CR of 38 patients clearly revealed bone changes and narrowed or disappeared disk space.CR of 30 patients well showed the abnormal soft tissue.CT scan of 22 patients clearly depicted calcification and no abnormal was found in pedicles in all the 22 CT scans.CT scan of 21 patients revealed bone changes of vertebral bodies and CT scan of 20 patients showed abnormal soft tissue.The soft tissue was involved in all 31 patients with spinal tuberculosis.Diskspaces were involved in 29 cases and the pedicles were normal in all 31 case.The lesions showed hypointense in T1 scan primarily,hyperintense in T2 scan primarily.[Conclusion]CR is the first imaging approach for spinal tuberculosis.CT well reveal the extent and minute calcification.The extent,abnormal soft-tissue and abnormal disk space are more dramatically demonstrated on MRI imaging.CR,in addition to CT and MRI,is helpful in diagnosis of spinaltubereuinsis.

[Objective]To investigate the value of 16-slice spiral CT(MSCT)postprocessing in styloid process in vivo and provide the vivisection data for diagnosing and curing styloid process syndrome.[Method]Totally 100 volunteers with normal styloid processes underwent 16-slice spiral CT(MSCT). Based on the initial datum,4 kinds of postprocessing including multiple planar reconstruction(MPR), curve planar reconstruction(CPR),surface shaded display(SSD) and volume rendering (VR) were performed.The length and inclination angle of stytoid processes were measured. The distance of between styloid processes and carotid canal external aperture,jugular foramen, stylomastoid foramen ,mastoid process, internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein were surveyed. [Result]The average length of styloid processes was 24.51 mm?3.05 mm, left was 24.33 mm?3.15 mm and right was 24.69 mm?2.95 mm. The anterior inclination angle was 19.35??2.92? and medial was 24.00??4.07?.The distance of between styloid processes and carotid canal external aperture, jugular foramen,stylomastoid foramen ,mastoid process , internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein were 8.53 mm?2.45 mm, 2.87 mm?0.88 mm, 2.34 mm?0.74 mm, 17.23 mm?1.85 mm,6.49 mm?1.58 mm and 3.70 mm?1.46 mm respectively. [Conclusion]Sixteen-slice Spiral CT postprocessing demonstrate the stytoid processes in vivo accurately and fully, among which multiple planar reconstruction and surface shaded display are more valuable, because they can evaluate the length and inclination of the styloid processes and the distance between the processes and their surrounding structures in vivo more accurately.

Objective To investigate whether the perfusion of the solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) is homogeneous derived with 16-slice spiral CT and 64-sliee spiral CT. Methods Eight-five patients with. SPNs (diameter≤4 cm; 57 maliagnant;15 active inflammatory; 13 benign)underwent multi- location dynamic contrast material-enhanced serial CT. One scan was obtained every 1 seconds during 11- 41 seconds without scanning interval after injection, one scan was obtained at 90 seconds. TOSHIBA AquilionMerconi 16 : The section thickness was 8.0 mm for lesions 3.0-4.0 cm, 6. 0 mm for 2.0- 3.0 cm,4.0 mm for 1.5-2.0 cm,3.0 mm for 1.0-1.5 cm and 2.0 mm for lesions <1.0 cm. GE Lightspeed 64:The section thickness was 8.0 mm for lesions3.0-4.0 cm and 2.5 mm for <3.0 cm. Precontrast and posteontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded. The peak height , perfusion, ratio of peak height of the SPNs to that of the aorta and mean transit time of three central valid sections were calculated. The significance of the difference among groups was analyzed by means of ANOVA. Results The peak heights in three sections were ( 30.95±14.53 ), ( 25.10±13.32), (32.37±15.85) HU, respectively, the perfusions (33.01±21.35), (23.70±12.87), ( 29.00±15.47) ml·min-1·100 g-1, the ratios of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (13.58±6.41) %, (10.95±5.76) %, (13.64± 6.20)% and the mean transit times (11.61±5.74),(11.97±3.55), (13.44±3.74) s. Statistically significant differences were found among three sections in the peak height(F= 5.913,P=0.003), perfusion (F=6.464, P=0.002), ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (F=5.333, P=0.005) and mean transit time (F= 3.837, P = 0.023). No statistically significant differences were found among three sections in precontrast attenuation ( F =0.032, P = 0.968). Conclusion The volume perfusion of the SPNs is inhomogeneous,it is suggested to evaluate blood flow patterns of the solitary pulmonary nodules with CT volume perfusion imaging.

Objective CR's advantages of flexibility are analysed, and its reasonable clinical use are evaluated. Methods To compare CR and general roentgenography. Results CR system is one of main X-ray photography. Conclusion Because of the unique advantages of CR, CR and DR will be still clinically equally important in the future for a long period of time.

Objective To explore the relationship between the extent of coronary artery lesions and plasma brain natriurefic peptide(BNP)levels in the patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)except for congestive heart failure(CHF).Method Seventy CAD patients without CHF evidenced by dinical manifestation and coronary arte- riography(CAG)from Cardiology Depamnent of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,China,were enrolled in the study.These patients were diagnozed under coronary arteriography(CAG) during March to May of 2007.They were divided into 3 groups:stable angina goup(24 patients),unstable angina group(25 patients),myocardial infarction group(21 patients).Twenty patients without coronary history and with normal CAG served as controls.Plasma BNP concentrations were measured with ELASA before CAG.The coronary lesion vessels and scores were estimated after CAG.The relationship between BNP levels and the coronary lesion vessels,as well as scores in CAD was analyzed.The data were expressed as(x±s)and was analyzed by using 2 independent samples test and spearman correlation with SPSS 13.0.A P value less than 0.01 indicated statistical significance.Results The plasma BNP concentrations in the patients,especially in the patients with myocardial infarction,were significantly higher than those in the controls.Spearman analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the BNP levels and coronary lesion vessels(r1=0.309,P=0.01),also between BNP and coronary lesion score(r2=0.279,P=0.01).Conclusions In the patients without congestive heart failure,the more serious the coronary artery lesions,the higher the plasma BNP concentrations were.The degree of myocardial ischemia caused by coronary artery lesions was correlated with the plasma BNP level.Plasma BNP concentration could be valuable for the extent of coronary artery lesions in the patients of coronary artery disease.

AIM:To investigate the alterations of phospholamban(PLB)expression and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)Ca 2+-ATPase activity,and the change of cardiac function in rats with diabetes mellitus(DM).METHODS:The diabetes mellitus in male Wistar rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.The levels of PLB mRNA and PLB protein,the activity of SR Ca 2+-ATPase and the left ventricular hemodynamics parameters were measured 4 weeks,6 weeks and 8 weeks after DM was induced in rats,while the normal rats served as control group.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in PLB mRNA level and protein level between 4-week-DM rats and normal control rats.6-week-DM rats and 8-week-DM rats had markedly increased PLB mRNA and protein level compared with normal control rats.SR Ca 2+-ATPase activity was not significantly changed in 4-week-DM rats compared with normal control rats,and was markedly depressed in 6-week-DM rats and 8-week-DM rats.LVSP,LVEDP and ?dp/dt max were not significantly changed in 4-week-DM rats compared with normal control rats.In 6-week-DM rats and 8-week-DM rats,LVSP and ?dp/dt max were decreased,LVEDP was increased compared with normal control rats.CONCLUSION:The elevated levels of PLB mRNA and PLB protein contribute to SR Ca 2+-ATPase activity reduction,which leads to cardiac dysfunction in DM rats.