Objective To investigate the effect of isoflurane pretreatment on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced syndecan-1 shedding from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) . Methods HUVECs were cultured in EMB-2 medium and randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 32 each) : control group (group C), H/R group and isoflurane pretreatment group (group I). H/R was produced by 4 h exposure of HUVECs to hypoxia followed by 2 h reoxygenation in H/R and I groups. HUVECs were exposed to the mixture of 5% CO2 and 95% O2 for 30 min and then cultured in normal culture atmosphere (21% O2) in group C. In group I, HUVECs were expased to 1.73% isoflurane and incubated for 30 min before H/R. The syndecan-1 expression, concentrations of shed syndecan-1 in the medium, and cell permeability and viability were measured at the end of reoxygenation. Results Compared with group C, the shed syndecan-1 concentration in the medium and cell permeability were significantly increased, while the syndecan-1 expression and cell viability decreased in H/R and Ⅰ groups ( P ＜ 0.01) . Compared with group H/R, the shed syndecan-1 concentration in the medium and cell permeability were significantly decreased, while the syndecan-1 expression and cell viability increased in group Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.01) . Conclusion Isoflurane pretreatment can protect HUVECs against H/R injury through inhibiting the syndecan-1 shedding.

Objective To explore the association between PI3K polymorphisms in insulin signal transduction pathway and Alzheimer's disease (AD)risk.Methods There were three groups,including 112 cases for AD +T2D group,231 cases for only AD group,and 231 cases for healthy controls group.The polymorphisms in PI3K gene was sequenced by PCR and the concentration of PI3K in serum was tested by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Overall,there was significantly statistical difference in PI3K rs3730087 polymorphism among three groups (χ2 =20.99,P =0.000 3).The CC frequency of PI3K rs3730087 polymorphism in AD with T2D group and AD control group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group.The PI3K protein level of differ-ent genotype was statistically significant (F =27.450,P <0.000 1).As for CC genotypes of PI3K rs3730087 poly-morphism,the PI3K protein level was statistically different among these three groups (F =8.096,P =0.000 6).Moreover,the PI3K protein level of the three groups was different (F =9.034,P =0.000 1),which in both AD group was lower as compared with healthy control group.Conclusion The study suggested that CC genotype of PI3K rs3730087 polymorphism in insulin signaling transduction pathway might be a risk factor for AD with T2D and it also affects the expression level of PI3K protein.However,the polymorphism is not shown to be exclusive in AD patients with T2D.

To observe the feasibility and safety of general anesthesia without muscle relaxant tracheal intubation combined with right stellate ganglion block (SGB) on patients undergoing oropharyngeal surgery.60 patients undergoing selective oropharyngeal surgery were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups:named in non muscle relaxation group and combination group.MAP,HR,SpO2 and PETCO2 were recorded before administration (T0),immediately before tracheal intubation(T1),and immediately after tracheal intubation(T2),and immediately after skin incision (T3).The VAS score at 4,8,12,24 h after surgery were also recorded.The difference of the satisfactory intubation conditions was not statistically significant.MAP and HR were increased at T2 and T3 as compared with non muscle relaxation group.Compared with combination group,HR increased at T2 and T3 in group A.The VAS of patients in combination group was lower than non muscle relaxation group (P ＜ 0.05).Stellate ganglion block on patients undergoing oropharyngeal surgery in general anesthesia without muscle relaxant might provide not only satisfactory intubation conditions but also provoke earlier recovery and improve the quality of postoperartive analgesia.