The antigen of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus in the infected suckling mouse brains was purified by a combined method—Protamin sulfate sedimentation and sucrose cushion uhracentrifugation. The Purified antigen was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). A kind of IgM antibody capture ELISA that used HRP—labeled antigen of HFRS Virus, i.e, direct ELISA, was successfully established for the detection of specific IgM antibody in sera from patients with HFRS. Compared with IgM antibody capture ELISA that used HRP—labeled IgG antibody to HFRS virus ,direct ELISA was similar in sensitivity to it,but direct ELISA could completely avoid the interference caused by rheumatoid factor (RF) as well as could reduce one step immune reaction. 87 serum samples from patients with HFRS(diagnosed clinically) in various stages, including 37 from Patients with HFRS in early stage(from 1 to 5 days after the onset of HFRS)were detected by direct ELISA . The positive rates of specific IgM antibody were 96.5% and 91.8%, respectively. We think that direct ELISA that uses HRP—labeled antigen provides a more specific,simpler and faster method for early di—agnosis of HFRS.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) in a family.Methods Venous blood samples were collected from two patients with EPP as well as their asymptomatic parents and grandmother.PCR was performed to assess the mutation of FECH gene,and real-time quantitative PCR to detect the expression of FECH gene.Results A mutation IVS3 + 1G ＞ A was detected in the two patients and their mother.Haplotype analysis showed that both patients with photosensitivity carried the wild-type low-expressed allele IVS3-48C,while their mother,the asymptomatic carrier,harbored the normal allele IVS3-48T.As real-time PCR showed,the expression intensity of FECH gene gradually increased from patients,asymptomatic patients to normal individuals.Conclusion The difference in expression intensity of FECH gene may contribute to the variability in clinical presentation of EPP.

Objective To explore the feasibility of low-dose multi-slice computed tomography(MSCT) scan on pulmonary artery three-dimensional angiography, and the relationship between pulmonary VR image quality and the SD value of plain scan. Methods Pulmonary artery CT examination was performed in 87 patients. 63 volunteers were administered with low dose as a low-dose group, and the other 24 were scanned with conventional dose as a routine group. Both plain scans were use conventional dose of pulmonary scan with 150 mAs, and the low-dose pulmonary enhanced scans were used with 60 mAs. The images were post-processed with volume rendering(VR) and classified into three grades A, B and C, and VR image quality levels of both groups compared. The receiver operating characteristic curve( ROC) was used to analyze the relationship between VR image quality level and SD value of plain scan image SD value. Results The VR image level of A-class was 100% in the conventional dose group, and 85. 7% was in the low dose group . According to the correlation analysis between the standard deviation(SD) value of plain scan image and pulmonary artery VR image quality, the area under curve in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was 0. 906. Conclusions The low-dose scan of pulmonary artery three-dimensional angiography is feasible. Using 60 mAs low-dose in pulmonary artery enhanced scan could ensure better image quality. With the SD value of the plain scan decreased, the pulmonary artery VR image quality is improved.

Objective To explore the differences among CT angiography(CTA) at different doses in both lower extremity arteries,and the relationship among volume rendering(VR) image quality,CT number and standard deviation(SD) value.Method CTA in lower extremity artery was performed in 90 patients.The participants were randomly divided into three groups,including a routine group (120 kV,150 mAs),120 kV and 80 mAs group,and 100 kV and 130 mAs group with 30 cases in each group.The images were processed with VR and classified into three degrees,the first class,the second class and the third class,and VR image quality levels of three groups were compared.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was used to analyze the correlation among VR image quality level,CT number and SD value.Results The percentage of VR image level at the first class was 93.3％ in the routine group,86.6％ in the 120 kV and 80 mAs group and 96.6％ in the 100 kV and 130 mAs group.According to the correlation analysis between the SD value and VR image quality of CTA in lower extremity artery,the area under curve in ROC analysis was 0.9078.According to the correlation analysis between the CT number and VR image quality of CTA in lower extremity artery,the area under curve in ROC analysis was 0.9116.Conclusions The low-dose CAT in lower extremity artery is feasible.Application of 100 kV and 130 mAs could ensure better image quality.

Objective To assess the feasibility of computed tomography angiography (CTA) in renal artery using the iterative reconstruction technique (iDose4) in Brilliance iCT (Philips Ltd.).Methods 90 patients (body weight 60-70 kg) supposed to undergo renal artery CTA were selected and randomly divided into three groups:A(120 kV,120 mAs),B(120 kV,60 mAs) and C(100 kV,100 mAs).CTA images from Group A were obtained using filtered back projection and those from the rest groups were generated by iDose4.Then CT number of renal artery,noise (denoted as standard deviation SD),signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of images for each group were measured and recorded.Images were post-processed using volume reformation (VR) 3D imaging and image quality were assessed in five-level grade (1-5).Results The five parameters (CT number of renal artery,SD value,SNR,CNR and VR grade) of group A and group B were statistically insignificant (P ＞ 0.05).While SD values of group C were comparable to those of group A and B,the rest four parameters of group C were apparently larger,which was statistically significant (tCT value =-12.326,tSNR =-7.136,tCNR =-7.649,ZVR =-2.690,PVR ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Image quality could still fit the diagnosis requirements using iDose4 when mAs decreased lower than 50％.The image quality increases when radiation dose is halved at 100 kVp kV.

Objective To study the morphological characteristics of craniofacial contour in ageing.Methods Craniofacial morphology was examined in a sample of 20 young men and 20 old men.By multi-slice helical CT,a computer reconstruction technique was used to produce three dimensional images and 3-D reconstruction data were analyzed quantitatively.Results Compared with the young men,old men increased with midface(Zy-Zy),lower face(Go-Go),supraorbital projection(Fb-Sr,T-So),midface depth (N-Po),and lower facial depth(T-Gn),and decreased with maxillary height(N-Sd) and upper facial width(Ft-Ft,T-T).Conclusion Facial width and depth and supraorbital projection tend to be increased and facial height decreased with ageing.

Objective To explore the feasibility and reasonable of low-dose scan on abdominal angiography in 64-slice spiral helical CT. Methods Phantom test: at 120 KV and from 200 mAs to 30 mAs at an interval of 10 mAs in each image acquisition, it was measured standard deviation (SD) of CT number, high contrast resolution and low contrast resolution, and then analyzed the relationship between the three parameters and the mAs values. Three mAs values were chosen to undertake clinical analysis.Clinical analysis: 90 randomly selected objects with abdominal angiography were divided into three groups,scanning with above three mAs values.Measurement of the SD value at the plain scan images was performed and the enhanced low-dose scan images were used post-processing with three-dimensional volume reconstruction (VR). The VR images were classified into three grades (excellent, moderate, bad) with the blind evaluation of three CT radiologists. The quality-correlation analysis was used between the standard deviation (SD) values of plain scan image and abdominal angiography VR image. Results According to the quality-correlation analysis between the standard deviation (SD) value of plain scan image and abdominal angiography VR image, the area under curve in receiver-operated characteristic (ROC) analysis was 0.921, 0.906 and 0.893 in each three group, respectively. Conclusions The low-dose scan of abdominal angiography is feasible. 80mAs can ensure better image quality. The enhanced scan probably can use 60mAs when the SD value is less than 5.78 in the plain scan; but when the SD value of plain scan is greater than 11.8, the enhanced scan is used best 100 mAs or higher.

Objective To observe the histological change of different waves in treating SD rats of the long-pulse 1064nm Nd:YAG laser and the 560～1200 nm intense pulse light,in order to provide the theory bases of non-ablative rejuvenation.Methods Two waves were used on experimental mice.The dermic thickness and the expression of collagen typesⅠand Ⅲwere detected by HE stain and immunohistochemical methods. Semiquantitative analysis was used to determine the mean of absorbance.Results Thedermal thicknesses and the mean of absorbance of collagen typesⅠandⅢin two different waves were higher than those in common control groups(P＜0.05).The effect of Nd:YAG laser groups were higher than IPL groups(P＜0.05).The expression of collagen typeⅠwas higher than that of collagen type Ⅲ(P＜0.001).Conclusion After Nd:YAG laser or IPL irradiation,the dermal thickness and collagen typesⅠandⅢof SD rats are increased.The effects of Nd:YAG laser are better than those of 560～1 200 nm IPL.The expression of collagen type Ⅲ is obviously more than that of collagen typeⅠin the early,whereas the expression of collagen typeⅠis obviously more than that of collagen type Ⅲin the later.It proves that the mechanism of dermal remodeling of non-ablative skin rejuvenation is mainly correlation with raising range and time of collagen typeⅠ.

Objective To characterize the inheritance of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) by detecting the mutations of ferroehelatase (FECH) gene in a Chinese family with EPP. Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 4 patients and 3 unaffected individuals in a family with EPP, as well as from 50 unrelated healthy human controls. PCR was performed to amplify all the 11 exons and flanking sequence of FECH gene followed by direct sequencing. Results A splicing mutation,I.e., IVS3+1G→A, was identified in the proband as well as his symptomatic sister, cousin, grandfather and asymptomatic mother, but not in his asymptomatic father, grandmother, or unrelated healthy controls. The genotypes IVS1-23 T/C and IVS3-48 C/T were noted in the proband, his father, sister, cousin and grandfather, but absent in his mother or grandmother who carried IVS1-23 C/C and IVS3-48 T/T genotypes. Conclusions A novel splicing mutation is found in the FECH gene in a Chinese EPP family, which, together with two lowly expressed alleles IVS1-23T and IVS3-48C, is likely to be responsible for the clinical phenotype of EPP in this family.

Objective To investigate the FECH gene mutation in a Chinese family with erythropoietic protoporphyria, to explore the relationship between gene mutation and clinical manifestations so as to estab-lish a basis for the genetic diagnosis and treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria. Methods Clinical data on a Chinese family with typical EPP was collected. Peripheral blood was obtained from patients, unaffected individuals in the family and 50 unrelated human controls. Genomic DNA was extracted and PCR was per-formed to amplify the whole coding regions (exons 1 to 11) of FECH gene and their flanking intron sequences followed by direct sequencing to detect possible mutations. Results Based on clinical symptom and por-phyrin levels, a diagnosis of erythropoietic protoporphyria was made in 3 family members. DNA fragments of expected size were amplified by PCR. Gene sequencing revealed a heterozygons mutation (IVS1 + 1G >C) in intron 1 of FECH gene in the proband, his sister and father, but not in unaffected family members or unrelated human controls. Also, an IVS1-23C/T polymorphism associated with low expression alleles was observed in intron 1 of FECH gene of the proband, his sister and mother. Conclusions A novel mutation in the donor splice site of intron 1 of FECH gene is first reported in a Chinese family with EPP; this muta-tion may lead to a deficiency of FECH gene and serve as a molecular basis of development of erythropoietic protoporphyria.