The incidence of intrahepatic bile duct stones as primary cholelithiasis varies in different regions,though it decreases to some ex-tent.Minimally invasive hepatectomy is the correct procedure for treating early intrahepatic bile duct stones.However,there are still many problems concerning the surgical treatment of end-stage liver disease caused by complex intrahepatic bile duct stones.The multidisciplinary mode should be recommended to provide comprehensive treatment,and studies on the prevention,etiology,and pathogenesis of intrahepatic bile duct stones should be strengthened,so as to improve the treatment of intrahepatic bile duct stones.

Objective To investigate the effect of nerve growth factor(CNF) on the proliferative ability of (human) cholangiocarcinoma cell strain QBC939. Methods After construction of a full-length human ?-NGF expression vector, human cholangiocarcinoma cell QBC939 was transfected with pcDNA3.0-NGF. Western blot assays were used to detect the expression of ?-NGF. Subsequently. In vitro proliferation before and after transfection of cells was analyzed by MTT assays. Results Western blot assay indicated that ?-NGF could be stably expressed by transfected QBC939 cells, and compared with controls, the differences were significant (P

Objective To investigate if cancer cell-derived nerve growth factor participates in regulation of human cholangiocarcinoma cell invasion in vitro. Method After construction of a full-length human p-NGF expression vector, human cholangiocacinoma cell lines QBC939 was transfected with pcDNA3. 0-NGF. Western blot assays were used to detect the expression of ?-NGF. In vitro invasion of transfected cells was analyzed by Transwell assays. Result p-NGF was expressed by transfected QBC939 cells, compared with controls, the differences were significant (P

Objective To review the relationship between absence of expression of DPC4/SMAD4 gene and pathogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma(PC). Methods A summerized paper was made on the review of relative literatures. Results and Conclusions A new gene DPC4 (located on chromosome 18q21.1 region) has been identified as a candidate tumor suppression gene. SMAD4 belongs to the evolutionarily conserved family of SMADs proteins that are crucial intracellular mediators of signals from the transforming growth factor ?(TGF-?). In TGF-? super family signal pathways, SMAD4 plays a pivotal role .There is a close relationship between absence of expression of DPC4 gene and pathogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To estimative the relationship between ras gene mutation,PCNA overexpression and the recurrence and prognosis of gallbladder cancer.Methods PCNA was studied by ABC immunohistology, ras gene mutation by PCR-RELP analysis.Results Histology,Nevin staging and operative methods were relevant to the prognosis of gallbladder cancer.The patient with stag IV,V gallbladder cancer had a poor prognosis;radical operations could prolong patients survival time.The mortal risk of patients with ras gene mutation was 1.62 times higher than that without ras gene mutation,with high overexpression of PCNA was 2.2 times higher than that with low expression of PCNA. Conclusions Differentiation degree, Nevin′s staging, mutation of ras gene and overexpresion of PCNA could be the prognostic factors in gallbladder cancer,and could help to select the operative procedure and to eluvate the surrival.

Objective To explore the effects of bile from patients with cholecystolithiasis on the growth of human gallbladder carcinoma cells GBC-SD and the potential correlation between cholecystolithiasis and gallbladder carcinoma. Methods Cholecystolithiasis bile (CB) and normal bile (NB) specimens were used for this study. The proliferative effects of bile were measured by methabenzthiazuron (MTT) assay and cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results CB can significantly promote the proliferation of GBC-SD cells, GBC-SD proliferative index increased significantly after treated with 1% CB for 48 h (P

Objective To make clear the relationship between adenoma,malignant transformation of ade- noma and carcinoma in gallbladder.Methodes The nuclear morphometry was performed with a TJTY-300 Auto- matic Image Analyser and PCNA was measured with immunohistochemisty in 25 cases of carcinoma,20 cases of adenoma and 3 cases of normal gallbladder.Results (1) Cell DNA content,atypia and PCNA index were in- creased gradually from the normal cell to dysplasia to malignant transformation of adenoma to carcinoma in gallblad- der;(2) Aneuploidy in gallbladder adenoma and PCNA index had significant relationship to the size of adenoma and gallstones (P

Objective To explore the regulating mechanism of bcl 2 gene in hepatocyte injury caused by obstructive jaundice in rats. Methods Normal rats' and bile duct ligated 7d,14d,21d rats' hepatocytes were isolated by in situ collagenase perfusion and primary culture. (1) bcl 2 mRNA was detected by RT PCR in all cells; (2) After normal rat and bile duct ligated 14d rat hepatocytes were added 100?M GCDC and kept for 24hrs, cells were evaluated by FCM and TUNEL. Results (1) Normal rat hepatocytes did not express bcl 2 by RT PCR technique. bcl 2 was expressed in 7-,14-,21-day BDL rats. (2) After adding 100?M GCDC and keeping for 24hrs, the apoptosis of bile duct ligated rat hepatocytes significantly decreased compared with that of normal rat hepatocytes. Conclusions (1) Bile duct ligated rat hepatocytes expressed bcl 2. (2) Hepatocellular expression of bcl 2 during obstructive jaundice is an adaptive phenomenon to resist apoptosis by bile salts.

Objective To study the action of death signal receptor pathway of apoptosis in the development of gallbladder carcinoma . Methods Streptavidin biotin peroxidase immunohistochemistry technique was used to study the expression of Fas L in gallbladder carcinoma tissues,and TUNEL method for in situ detection of the number of apoptotic infiltrating lymphocytes around the tumor. Results The positive rates of Fas L in gallbladder carcinoma , gallbladder adenoma, dysplasia of gallbladder epithelium and chronic cholecystis were 84.6%(22/26), 83.3%(15/18) ,100%(3/3) and 55%(11/20), respectively. The positive rate of Fas L in gallbladder carcinoma was significantly higher than in chronic cholecystis (P

Objective To study the regulative effect of angelica sinensis on cellular immune function in perioperative patients with obstructive jaundice. Methods Fourteen patients with obstructive jaundice were injected with angelica before and after operation for 14 days. The activity of IL-2 and the expression of IL-2R in lymphocytes in peripheral blood were measured, respectively. Results The activity of IL-2 and the expression of IL-2R decreased significantly in patients with obstructive jaundice (P