Objective To analyze distribution of intracranial and extracranial arteriostenosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods 306 patients with ischemic stroke were collected during January 2002 to March 2005. All patients underwent color ultrasonography of carotid, TCD, MRA and DSA. According to NASCET, arteriostenosis was grouped into five grades: normal artery, mild stenosis(29%), moderate stenosis (30%—69%), severe stenosis(70%—90%) and occlusion(100%). Results (1) As for incidence of intracranial and extracranial arteriostenosis, 149 were of intracranial stenosis, 25 extracranial stenosis and 33 both. (2) As for incidence of single or dual stenosis, among 207 with arteriostenosis, single stenosis amounted to 129 and dual to 78. (3) Stenosis occurred in middle cerebral artery, distal vertebral artery, basilar artery, extracranial part of internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, siphon part of internal carotid artery and onset part of vertebral artery in an order of decreased frequency. (4) DSA analysis revealed that, among 316 narrow blood vessels of 207 patients, 87 vessels were shown as severe stenosis or obstruction, accounting for 27.5%. (5) Among 164 cases, infarction occured in the corresponding stenostic vessel in 157 patients, accounting for 95.7%. ConclusionsIntracranial arteriostenosis is the most frequently encountered in those with ischemic stroke. Thereto, frequency of stenosis in middle cerebral artery is the highest, distal vertebral artery and basilar artery are next.

d be used to evaluate the function of severely obstructive hydronephrotic kidneys with no image on IVU, which can reflect its objective function, especially one to two weeks after nephrostomy in hypertonic hydronephrostic kidneys, and is better than IVU.

OBJECTIVETo study the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus genotype and its characteristics.

METHODSA SARS-associated coronavirus isolate named ZJ01 was obtained from throat swab samples taken from a patient in Hangzhou, Zhejing province. The complete genome sequence of ZJ01 consisted of 29,715 bp (GenBank accession: AY297028, version: gi: 30910859). Seventeen SARS-associated coronavirus genome sequences in GenBank were compared to analyze the common sequence variations and the probability of co-occurrence of multiple polymorphisms or mutations. Phylogenetic analysis of those sequences was done.

RESULTSBy bioinformatics processing and analysis, the 5 loci nucleotides at ZJ01 genome were found being T, T, G, T and T, respectively. Compared with other SARS-associated coronavirus genomes in the GenBank database, an A/G mutation was detected besides the other 4 mutation loci (C:G:C:C/T:T:T:T) involved in this genetic signature. Therefore a new definition was put forward according to the 5 mutation loci. SARS-associated coronavirus strains would be grouped into two genotypes (C:G:A:C:C/T:T:G:T:T), and abbreviated as SARS coronavirus C genotype and T genotype. On the basis of this new definition, the ZJ01 isolate belongs to SARS-associated coronavirus T genotype, first discovered and reported in mainland China. Phylogenetic analysis of the spike protein gene fragments of these SARS-associated coronavirus strains showed that the GZ01 isolate was phylogenetically distinct from other isolates, and compared with groups F1 and F2 of the T genotype, the isolates of BJ01 and CUHK-W1 were more closely related to the GZ01 isolate. It was interesting to find that two (A/G and C/T) of the five mutation loci occurred in the spike protein gene, which caused changes of Asp to Gly and Thr to Ile in the protein, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAttention should be paid to whether these genotype and mutation patterns are related to the virus's biological activities,epidemic characteristics and host clinical symptoms.

Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; SARS Virus ; genetics