OBJECTIVE:To prepare Venlafaxine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets,and to investigate the characteristics of drug release. METHODS:Using glyceryl behenate as lipidic matrix material and HPMC as hydrophilic matrix material,the kind and dosage of excipients were screened by single factor experiment. Using 4,8,24 h accumulative release rate and the deviation summation of ideal values as index,the viscosity of HPMC,the amounts of HPMC K15M and glyceryl behenate were optimized by orthogonal test. The dissolution curves were fitted by different equations. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as follows as venlafaxine hydrochloride 8.5 kg,HPMC K15M 15 kg,glyceryl behenate 26 kg,magnesium stearate 0.5 kg. 4,8,24 h accumula-tive release rates of prepared matrix sustained-release tablets were 34.3%,63.9% and 99.2%,respectively. The releases profiles of hydrophilic and lipidic matrix sustained release tablets followed first-order equation in vitro mainly through matrix erosion. CON-CLUSIONS:Venlafaxine hydrochloride hydrophilic and lipidic matrix sustained-release tablets with good sustained-release effect have been prepared successfully.

Objective: To compare the volatile compounds extracted from Rhodiola renulata respectively by HS-SPME and SD. Methods:The volatile constituents from Rhodiola crenulata were extracted respectively by HS-SPME and SD, and then the contents and the names were confirmed by GC-MS. Results:Totally 39 compounds were identified from Rhodiola crenulata by HS-SPME while 16 ones were identified by SD. Among them, 4 common compounds were detected. Conclusion: There are some differences between the two methods. Compared with SD, HS-SPME is obviously better because more volatile constituents can be extracted from the herb, furthermore, HS-SPME has notable advantages of higher retrieval matching and sensitivity.

Objective To explore the expression of aquaporin (AQP)-4 in white matter of spinal cord after spinal cord contusion (SCC). Methods 88 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to sham operation group and SCC group. The model was established by Al-len's method. BBB sore was used to assess the motor function of rats. The relative expression of AQP-4 mRNA was determined by Q-PCR technique. The localization of AQP-4 was observed by immunohistochemistry. Results BBB score showed motor dysfunction in SCC group, and it increased 7 and 14 days after SCC (t>5.061, P<0.001). The level of AQP-4 mRNA decreased on the 1st and 3rd days (t>50.44, P<0.001), and increased on the 5th day (t=-3.968, P=0.001), and lasted until the 28th day (t=-4.227, P=0.001) compared with that on the 3rd day. The immunohistochemistry showed AQP-4 was located on the process of glial cell and vascular endothelial cells in white matter of spi-nal cord. Conclusion AQP-4 may play various roles at different stages in SCC.

Objective To analyze mutations in the ATP2A2 gene in a Kazakh family with Darier's disease.Methods Clinical data were collected from 49 members from a family with Darier's disease,and peripheral blood samples were obtained from 44 family members and 100 unrelated healthy people.Genomic DNA was extracted from these blood samples.PCR and DNA sequencing were performed to detect mutations in the ATP2A2 gene.Results Darier's disease was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner in this family.A G→A heterozygous mutation (1288-1G→A) was identified at position 1288-1 at the splice site in exon 12 of the ATP2A2 gene in 11 patients in this family,but not in 33 healthy members or 100 healthy controls.Conclusion Darier's disease in this family may be caused by the heterozygous mutation (1288-1G→A)at the splice site in exon 12 of the ATP2A2 gene.

Objective To observe the effect of sustained release type Ⅰ collagen-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on healing of bone-tendon junction injuries.Methods Partial patellectomy was conducted in 72 rabbits divided equally into control group,type Ⅰ collagen group,and collagen type Ⅰ-VEGF group.The scaffold was planted into the bone-tendon interface.Animals were sacrificed at 4,8 and 12 weeks.New bone formation into the patella-patella tendon surface was detected using X-ray films and histological observations.Quality of bone healing was assayed using biomechanical testing.Results At postoperative 4,8 and 12 weeks,X-ray films showed bone formation of type Ⅰ collagen group [(4.1 ± 0.4) mm2,(12.1 ± 0.5) mm2,(13.0 ± 1.2) mm2 respectively] and of collagen type Ⅰ-VEGF group [(3.8 ± 0.4) mm2,(11.0 ± 0.5) mm2,(13.1 ± 1.0) mm2 respectively] were more than that of control group [(2.1 ± 0.6) mm2,(4.1 ± 0.3) mm2,(6.6 ± 0.6) mm2 respectively] (P ＜ 0.05).Histology identified few new bone,massive fibrocyte accumulation and disrupted alignment of tendon fiber in control group,massive new bone formation,neat and orderly alignment of collagen fiber tissues and massive aggrecan expression at postoperative 4 and 8 weeks (fibrous cartage repair in largely) in collagen type Ⅰ-VEGF group,and massive new bone formation but worse alignment of tendon collagen fibers and less aggrecan expression (fibrous repair in largely) in type Ⅰ collagen group.Biomechanical test showed the ultimate tensile strength increased over time in all groups,with significantly higher value at 12 weeks than that at 4 and 8 weeks.At the same time point,ultimate tensile strength ranged in an order as follows:collagen type Ⅰ-VEGF group ＞ collagen type Ⅰ group ＞ control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sustained release type Ⅰ collagen-VEGF can accelerate early healing of bone-tendon junction injury and improve the histological and mechanical properties.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of cobalt chloride ( CoCl2 )-mimetic hypoxia on theproliferation,apoptosis and migration of human pancreatic cancer cell fine PANC1.MethodsPANC1 cells were treated with 0(control),100,200,400,800 μmol/L CoCl2 respectively for 24 h.Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine hypoxia induced factor ( HIF)-1o mRNA and protein expression respectively,and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assays,flow cytometry and cell scratch test were used to examine the proliferation,apoptosis and migration of PANC1 cells,respectively.ResultsIn the control group and 100,200,400 and 800 μmol/L CoCl-2 groups,the expressions of HIF-1t mRNA were 1,1.08 ±0.12,1.12 ± 0.09,1.04±0.11,0.66 ±0.07,and the expressions of VEGF mRNA were 1,2.69±0.35,4.81 ±0.54,2.19 ± 0.21,0.79 ± 0.08,while the expressions of HIF-1 α protein were 0.23 ± 0.03,0.36 ± 0.04,1.15 ± 0.11,1.08 ± 0.09,0.44 ± 0.04; and the expressions of VEGF protein were 0.14 ± 0.02,0.12 ± 0.01,0.95 ±0.09,0.87 ±0.09,0.55 ±0.06; and cell viability rates were 100％,(98.43 ±2.88)％,(76.15 ± 0.70)％,(53.87 ±0.77)％,(35.23 ±0.67)％ ; while cell apoptotic rates were (5.2 ±1.12)％,(5.74 ± 1.07)％,(6.82 ± 1.85)％,(12.09 ±3.53)％,(31.88 ±6.95)％ ; the cell migration distance of PANC1 cells were (43.24 ±3.67)％,(59.46 ±5.39)％,(80.56 ±8.05)％,(63.89 ±5.96)％,(9.09 ± 1.59 ) ％.Compared with those of control group,the expressions of VEGF mRNA,VEGF and HIF-1 α protein,cell migration distance showed a two-way variation ( ascending first and descending later) (P ＜0.05 ),and the expression of HIF-1α mRNA and cell proliferation rate was decreased in a dose-dependent manner,while the cell apoptosis was increased in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions CoCl2 significantly inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of PANC1 cells at certain level.CoCl2 has a two-way effect on the migration of PANC1 cells,and it may be related to the direct injury of high concentration of CoCl2 on cells.

Objective:To analyze the maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) in women with pre-pregnancy obesity and its relationships with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:This retrospective cohort study recruited 513 obese women (pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2) with singleton pregnancy in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2014 to December 2016. All participants were divided into three groups according to GWG: inadequate (GWG<5 kg, n=83), adequate (5 kg≤GWG≤9 kg, n=154), and excessive (GWG>9 kg, n=276) groups. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the clinical data among the three groups, including GWG, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, and labor process. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the association between maternal GWG and main pregnancy complications associated with obesity. Results:(1) Among 238 participants who gained more than 2.0 kg in the first trimester, 75.6% (180/238) were in the excessive group, while the rate was 34.9%(96/275) among the participants who gained less than 2.0 kg. (2) Postpartum body mass index retention (body mass index at six weeks postpartum minus pre-pregnancy body mass index) was the highest in the excessive group, followed by the adequate group and the inadequate group [0.8 kg/m 2 (0.0-2.2 kg/m 2) vs -0.7 kg/m 2 (-1.6 to 0.0 kg/m 2) vs -2.5 kg/m 2 (-3.2 to -1.5 kg/m 2), all P<0.05]. (3) The rates of primary cesarean section in the inadequate and adequate groups were 29.9% (20/67) and 32.6% (42/129), which were lower than that in the excessive group [43.3% (104/240), χ2=3.955 and 4.047, both P<0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of gestational hypertension, small/large for gestational age, or other major adverse pregnancy outcomes among the three groups (all P>0.05). The weight gain in the first trimester and before the oral glucose tolerance test were not correlated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) ( aOR=1.038, 95% CI: 0.986-1.094, P=0.157; aOR=1.055, 95% CI: 1.000-1.113, P=0.051). The maternal weight gain of women with GDM during the 2nd, the 3rd, and the whole trimesters were lower than women without GDM respectively [3.0 kg (1.3-4.0 kg) vs 3.0 kg (2.0-5.0 kg), 4.0 kg (2.0-6.0 kg) vs 6.0 kg (4.0-8.0 kg), 9.0 kg (5.0-12.0 kg) vs 10.7 kg (7.5-15.0 kg); Z =-2.938, -6.352 and-4.104, all P<0.01]. Conclusions:In women with pre-pregnancy obesity, the first trimester is the critical window to control maternal GWG. GWG guidelines recommended by the Institute of Medicine could help to reduce the weight retention at six weeks postpartum, but couldn't reduce the risk of GDM, gestational hypertension, small/large for gestational age, or other major adverse pregnancy outcomes.

In this study, virtual reality technology is applied to the teaching of ART due to its characteristic of real-time interaction, and a virtual operation platform of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is developed in the scene of ART, which can be used for the practice and training of ICSI during teaching. By this virtual system we can overcome some kinds of teaching limitations brought by scarce experimental materials and expensive equipment, and it is suitable for multi-center and multi-region popularization and application for other ART laboratories.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) and MRI in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions based on the 2013 breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) lexicon and the supplement on CEM.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 83 patients with breast lesions from March 2019 to April 2022 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. Totally 100 breast lesions from 83 female patients aged 28 to 78 (49±14) years, were divided into benign lesions (50 lesions) and malignant lesions (50 lesions) according to the pathological results. The t-test, χ 2 test and Fisher′s exact test were used to compare the differences of clinical and imaging features between benign and malignant lesions, and these imaging features which had statistical differences were established CEM and MRI models by multivariate logistic regression analysis respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess the diagnostic efficacy of two models in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions. Using the DeLong test compared the AUC. Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that associated features (OR=9.075,95%CI 1.430-57.570, P=0.019), lesion conspicuity (OR=6.180,95%CI 2.608-14.646, P<0.001), mass margin (OR=2.193,95%CI 1.405-3.422, P=0.001) and calcification distribution (OR=2.147,95%CI 1.157-3.986, P=0.015) were independent predictors of differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions in CEM, and then the predictive model of CEM was constructed. Time-signal intensity curve (OR=9.230, 95%CI 3.178-26.805, P<0.001), associated features (OR=5.289,95%CI 1.343-20.831, P=0.017) and mass margin (OR=2.192,95%CI 1.336-3.597, P=0.002) were independent predictors of differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions in MRI, and the predictive model of MRI was constructed. The AUC of CEM and MRI models for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions were 0.947 and 0.930 respectively, and two models were no significant difference ( Z=0.68, P=0.494). Conclusion:The diagnostic efficacy of CEM and MRI in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions is comparable based on the 2013 BI-RADS lexicon and the supplement on CEM.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of Short-form health survey-36 (SF-36) during the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods:From January 2020 to January 2021, pregnant women aged 18―40 during the first trimester visit were admitted to the Obstetric Department of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Split-half reliability and Cronbach′s α coefficients were used to evaluate the reliability. The convergent and discriminative validity were evaluated by using AMOS 24.0 and the criterion-rated validity was evaluated with correlation analysis and non-parameter test. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation modeling were used in the evaluation of contract validity.Results:SF-36 scale had good reliability (split-half reliability: R=0.901, Cronbach′s α coefficients=0.878), convergent validity, discriminate validity and the criterion-rated validity ( r=0.907). Second-order confirmatory factor analysis model was not well-fitted ( RMSEA=0.070, χ 2/dF=3.566, GFI=0.813, CFI=0.814, TLI=0.792, NFI=0.761), indicating that the construct validity was poor. Conclusions:The reliability, consolidation validity, discrimination validity and criterion-related validity of Sf-36 scale are good, while the construct validity is poor. Improvement is needed when the scale is used for pregnant women.