Glycomacropeptide(GMP) is a polypeptide fragment derived from κ-casein after rennin treatment.At present,the structures of GMP in human beings,cows and goats have been established.The sialic acid structure contained in the polypeptide chain of GMP is very important for the exertion of the biological function.GMP has many biological functions,such as anti-infection,regulating immunity,anti-inflammation,nourishing and maintaining health,and so on.As a new-type bio-functional protein,it will be more and more widely used in the areas of medicine and foodstuff.

Objective To examine the changes in the difference between the target and actually measured plasma concentrations of propofol administered by target-controlled infusion (TCI) during the three phases (preanhepatic, anhepatic, neohepatic) of orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods Ten ASA Ⅲ-Ⅳ patients aged 30-54 yr, weighing 56-79 kg undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation were enrolled in the study. The patients were unpremedicated. Radial artery was cannulatecl and Swan-Ganz catheter was placed via right internal jugular vein. BP, ECG, SpO2 , PCT CO2, PAP, PCWP, body temperature and blood gases, electrolytes and glucose were monitored during operation. Anesthesia was induced with scopolamine 0.6 mg, midazolam 0.05 mg ? kg , etomidate 0.2 mg ? kg-1 , fentanyl 5 ?g ? kg-1 and rocuronium 0.6 mg ? kg -1 . Propofol was given with the TCI system after induction. Target plasma propofol concentration was set at 0.5 ?g ? ml -1 which was maintained during operation. Arterial blood samples were taken after equilibrium between plasma and effect site concentrations had been reached and during the three phases of orthotopic liver transplantation. Plasma propofol concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Results One patient was excluded from data analysis because TCI propofol was stopped during operation. The average measured plasma propofol concentration in the nine patients were significantly higher during anhepatic phase than those during preanhepatic and neohepatic phases ( P

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of bombesin on the gastrointestinal morphology and proliferation of mucosa cells in neonatal rabbits. Methods Twenty four neonatal rabbits were divided into big,small dose experimental group and control group. The gastrointestinal morphology in neonatal rabbits was observed by using Video Image Digtal Analysis System and electron microscopy, and the proliferative rate of gastrointestinal epithelium cells was detected by using immunohistochemical assay. Results The villous height of duodenum were (520?76),(513?31),(379?44) ?m in three groups respectively. That in experimental group with big or small dose were significantly higher than that in control group( P

Objective In order to know the fatty acid content of breast milk in different regions of China. Methods The fatty acid composition of breast milk from 109 lactating women in three regions was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. Twenty-seven milk samples were obtained from Shanghai urban, 15 samples from Shanghai suburb(Chongming county) and 67 samples from Zhoushan island of Zhejiang province. Results The contents of linoleic acid(LA) and ?-linolenic acid(LNA) in the mature breast milk from Shanghai urban women were (29?6)% and (2.8?0.7)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that from Shanghai suburb women[LA, (20?3)% and LNA,(2.7?0.8)%] and Zhoushan island women[(20?3)% and (2.5? 0.6)%], whereasthe DHA content of the breast milk from Zhoushan women was (0.61?0.21)%, which was significantly higher than that from Shanghai urban women[(0.51?0.25)%, P

Objective To examine the relationship between the perioperative changes in cytokines and the postoperative complications after esophagecotomy. Methods Twenty-five ASA Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients undergoing esophagectomy were divided into two groups: group A without postoperative complication (n = 17), group B with postoperative complications including pulmonary infection (in 2 patients), pleural effusion (in 3 patients), cardiac arrhythmia(in 2 patients) and anastomosis hemorrage(in 1 patient) (n = 8). Blood samples were taken before anesthesia(T0 ), at skin incision(T1), 2h after chest was opened(T2 ), 60 min after lungs were inflated (T3) and 1,4, 24h after surgery (T4, T5, T6 ) for determination of serum IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 concentrations. The durations of SIRS, the definition of which was set by American College of Chest Physicians /Society of Critical Care Medicine (ACCP/SCCM), was also recorded. Results The demographic data including age, sex and body weight were comparable between the two groups. There was also no significant difference in preoperative lung function, duration of surgery, blood loss during surgery and duration of unilateral lung ventilation between the two groups. The duration of SIRS was shorter in group A than that in group B. In both groups serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels increased significantly at T2 (after thoracotomy) reached their peak values at T4, and then gradually declined but were still significantly higher than the baseline values(T0). The serum IL-6 level was significantly higher at T6 (24h after surgery) in group B than that in group A. The serum IL-8 level was significantly higher at T3-6 in group B than that in group A. The IL-6/IL-10 and IL-8/IL-10 ratio were significantly lower at T5-6 in group A than those in group B. Conclusions The postoperative complications may occur due to the inflammatory response, and/or anti-inflammatory mediators insufficiency. The IL-6/IL-10 and IL-8/IL-10ratio may be of value in predicting the prognosis.

Serum vitamin E was determined using bathopllenanthroline by microspe-ctrophotometric method. The average recovery rate was 93.8 (92.2-98.0) per cent and the coefficients of variation were 2.5 and 7 per cent in high and low levels respectively. This method seems to be quite reliable and sensitive. Of the total 117 serum samples, 30 pairs matched blood for mother and cord, 27 cord blood, and 30 normal adults as control were studied. The mean level of vitamin E in the cord blood was 2.8 ug/ml (?0.9SD), which was about one third of that in the adult. The level of vitamin E in post-partum mother was 12 ?g/ml (?2.5 SD), which was significantly higher than that of nonpregnant women (p

Background and purpose:Tumor metastasis is a main reason of breast cancer patients’ death. This study aimed to discuss whether or how the transcription factor ETS2 regulate CXCR4 transcription and the molecular mechanism of ETS2 modulating transcriptional activity of CXCR4 gene in human breast cancer cells. Methods:In MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, through transient transfection, as well as RNAi technology, the expression of ETS2 was overexpressed or inhibited was detected. RT-PCR and ELISA was used respectively to detect CXCR4 mRNA expression and protein level. Luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to detect CXCR4 promoter activity, and ChIP for detecting the amount of ETS2 protein binding to CXCR4 promoter. Two binding sites of CXCR4 promoter were mutated to detect the impact on the activity of CXCR4 promoter by gene mutations. Results:After transfected with ETS2 expression vector in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, the mRNA expression and protein level of CXCR4 were elevated. The result of luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that overexpression of ETS2 activated CXCR4 promoter. ChIP assay demonstrated that the amount of ETS2 protein binding to CXCR4 promoter increased after ETS2 transfection. This result indicated that ETS2 may activate CXCR4 promoter through directly binding with CXCR4 promoter. Inhibition of ETS2 expression using RNAi could significantly attenuate CXCR4 promoter activity and reduce expression of CXCR4. Two ETS binding sites of CXCR4 promoter were mutated and the result of luciferase reporter gene assay proved that, an arbitrary point mutations attenuated CXCR4 promoter activity, while mutation of both binding sites further attenuated CXCR4 activity. Conclusion:In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, overexpression of ETS2 could activate CXCR4 promoter and the transcription of CXCR4 through directly binding to two ETS2 binding sites (-540 to-535 and-240 to-235) of CXCR4 promoter.

Objective: To investigate the effects of NO on cholestasis caused by TPN. Methods: 24 newborn rabbits were divided into 3 groups: control group, TPN for 1week group and TPN for 2weeks group. After 7 or 14 days, serum liver function test was determined using automatic biochemical analyzer, NO levels in serum and liver, liver NOS activity and iNOSmRNA expression were determined respectively by the Griess method, spectrophotometric analysis and in situ hybridization. Results: After having received TPN administration for 7 or 14 days, the NO levels of serum and liver, liver NOS activity and iNOSmRNA expression increased significantly than those in control group(P

ObjectiveTo purify and characterize the monoclonal antibody (McAb) against Chlamydia trachomatis pORF5 plasmid protein.Methods The hybridoma cells stably secreting specific McAb against pORF5 were cultured in a large scale,and protein G purification by affinity chromatography was used to purify 2H4 McAb.ELISA was used to determine the antibody titer,and identify McAb isotype.Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blot were performed to detect McAb specificity.Results The purity of 2H4 antibody was 93％,the titer reached 1:1024,and 2H4 McAb was identified to belong to IgG2a isotype,2H4 McAb reacted strongly with the GST-pORF5 fusion protein and endogenous pORF5 protein expressed by Chlamydia trachomatis serovar A,D,L2,Chlamydia muridarum ( MoPn ),Chlamydia psittaci 6BC,but not other chlamydial plasmid proteins and Chlamydia pneumoniae(Cpn) AR39 strain.Conclusion2H4 McAb against pORF5 protein was successfully purified with a high titer and specificity which lay a foundation for further study on pORF5 protein structure and function.

Objective To verify the relationship between transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in breast milk and allergic diseases development in infants. Methods Totally 191 mothers (99 allergics and 92 controls) and their full-term newborns participated in this prospective study on development of children atopy. Maternal blood, cord blood, colostrum and mature milk were assayed for TGF-β1 and IL-10 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Infants underwent pediatrician evaluation for allergic diseases at six months old. Concentrations of TGF-β1 and IL-10 from allergic and non-allergic mothers and prevalence of allergic diseases of infants were compared. Results The level of IgE in allergic mothers was 30 750 IU/L(6600-410000 IU/L),lower than that in non-allergic mothers[50000 IU/L(7100-610000 IU/L)](Z=-3. 444,P=0. 001).No difference in the concentration of TGF-β1, IL-10 and IgE in mature milk was observed between allergic and non-allergic mothers. TGF-β1, IL-10 and IgE levels in colostrum of allergic mothers were 2300 pg/ml(620-7000 pg/ml), 12. 8 pg/ml(7.5-560.0 pg/ml)and 7000 IU/L(5100-56000 IU/L),significantly higher than those in non-allergic mothers[1830 pg/ml(1240-9400 pg/ml), 11. 1 pg/ml (7. 2-630.0 pg/ml)and 6700 IU/L(5200-35000 IU/L)] (Z=-2. 215, -2. 730 and -2. 706,P＜0.05).In both allergic and non-allergic mothers, TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels in cord blood were higher than those in maternal blood, while IgE was lower. TGF-βl and IL-10 and IgE levels in colostrum were higher than mature milk(P＜0.05). At six months old, the prevalence of allergic diseases of infants from allergic mothers(59. 6%, 59/99) was significantly higher than those from non-allergic mothers (21. 7%, 20/92)(x2= 28. 177, P= 0. 000). The prevalence of allergic diseases of infants who completed two weeks' colostrum-fed after birth (44.5 %, 73/164) was significantly higher than those who did not (22.2%,6/27)(x2 =4. 749,P-=0. 029). Conclusions High concentration of TGF-βl and IL-10 in colostrum does not show any protective effect against allergic diseases in infants. The prevalence of allergic diseases of colostrum-fed infants is significantly higher than non colostrum-fed infants, showing that colostrum-fed might play a role in allergic diseases development.