It is difficult to resect completely for brain glioma with surgery because of the characteristic of strong invasion and no obvious verge with the brain tissue, and result in easily recurrentshort life time and high mortality. Radiotherapy is important for patients after surgery. The factor of prognosis include ageKarnofsky score, pathology and degree of invasion. Recently, the improvement of new equipment and technology provide the more approach for brain glioma. The paper make a summary of current situation and progress for radiotherapy of brain glioma.

Dysfunction of microRNA (miRNA) is associated with occurrence and development of tumor.MiRNA are very stable in blood serum,significantly tumor-related and tissue-specific.The detection of serum miRNA is convenient,little-invasive and fast,and then serum miRNA can be used as a new biomarker for tumor diagnosis.

The G protein-coupled receptor family C,member 5,group A (GPRC5A) gene is known as retinoic acid-induced gene,which is mainly distributed in lung tissue.The expression of GPRC5A in lung cancer is significantly decreased compared with normal lung.GPRC5A leads to lung cancer through knockout mice,which is proven to be a suppressor gene of lung cancer.GPRC5A may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer and a new target for the treatment of lung cancer.

Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy is capable to deliver much higher doses to the cancer than is possible with standard techniques. Recently there is data suggesting that the early stage nonsmall cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) which is not suitable to surgery is likely to benefit from this regimen, with low lung toxicity. Manyphase Ⅰ-Ⅱ studies showed that the patients with locally advanced NSCLC are well-tolerated to hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy. The model of radio-physic and relative clinical studies suggest that hy-pofractionation would not increase the risk of radiation pneumonitis compared to standard therapy.

Purpose:To study the effects and efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3-DCRT) for brain gliomas. Methods:Thirty cases of brain gliomas were treated by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.Of these 21 patients had nesidual tumor after operation, 5 were post-operative recurrent patients and 4 were post-radiotherapy recurrent patients.The total irradiation dose was 42 Gy(BED 56 Gy). All patients received 6 Gy/F.qod.Results:In the 1-3 months after 3-DCRT,the results examined by CT or MRI showed that in the 30 patients,these were CR 40.0%,PR (33.3%), NC 20.0%, PD 6.7%,The total response rate was (CR+PR) 73.3%.No acute or chronic radiation side effects were observed in the follow up .The 0.5-,1-,2-,3-year survival rates were 93.3%,77.8%,71.31%,53.18% respectively.Conclusions:The result shows that 3-DCRT of brain gliomas can improve therapeutic effect.

Total body pan & scan radiotherapeutic instrument is a special bed whose heave and the vertical slide of its bedboard are controlled by the computer. The maximum vertical travel is about 2.3 meters. To distribute equal middle plane dose in the patient's body during scanning, the doctor divides the body into four segments and gives them different lengths and velocities as required. The instrument can travel as set automatically. The reliable interlock system is involved for the maximum safety. A serial of tests prove that the instrument runs stably and the dose distribution is very uniform.

Objective To determine long-term survival of 214 patients of lung cancer with brain metastases and to detect the potential prognostic factors.Methods A retrospective review was pedormed evaluating patients diagnosed as lung cancer with brain metastasis from Jan 1992 to Dec 2001 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital.Two hundred and fourteen cases were enrolled.All hospital records were thoroughly reviewed in a retrospective manner.The management of the brain metastases were as follows: 8 patients underwent surgical resection and postoperative whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT); 2 cases received resection and chemotherapy; 10 had resection alone; 10 underwent WBRT alone,36 had chemotherapy alone; 15 received the combination of resection,chemotherapy and WBRT; 104 were performed with chemotherapy combined with WBRT; 29 had only supportive care.Survival time was measured from the date of the first treatment for malignancy to the date of death or the last follow-up.Seven further potential prognostic factors were investigated for survival including age,gender,T or N status,number of extra cranial metastases,pathological type and treatment modality.Statistical analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox-regression analysis.Results The overall median survival time was 10 months (95% CI9.06--10.94) and the 1,3,5 year survival rates were 7.46%,1.14% and 0,respectively.In the univariate model,none of the following variables had effect on survival: age,gender,T stage of the tumor,nodal status,number of extra cranial metastases and histological type.Univariate analysis showed a better survival for the combination of surgical resection,chemotherapy and radiation (P=0.00).Based on Cox-regression analysis,treatment modality was the only independent predictor of survival Conclusions Aggressive combined therapy of brain metastases may achieve a survival advantage.Excellent overall survival of lung cancer with brain metastases has been achieved with a combination of WBRT with surgical resection and chemotherapy.

Objective Objective To evaluate the efficacy and comphcations of late course acceler- ated hypofractionated three dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) for patients with stageⅢnon small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Sixty patients with stageⅢNSCLC were randomized into 2 groups: Late course accelerated hypofractionated 3DCRT group(group A—30 patients) and conventional fractionated radiation therapy group (group B—30 patients). In group A, 30 patients, at first, received a dose of 40 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction, 5 times a week, which followed by late course accelerated hypofractionat- ed 3DCRT with a dose of 16-20 Gy at 4 Gy per fraction, 3 times a week. In group B, 30 patients received a dose of 60-66 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction, 5 times a week. Chemotherapy, including vinorelbine and cisplatin, was given one cycle during radiotherapy and 3 cycles after radiotherapy for all patients. Results Group A had a higher complete response rate (47% vs 20%, P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of radiotherapy in 162 patients with stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Between December 1982 and August 1992, 168 patients with stage I and II NSCLC were treated, with 116 confirmed by histopathology and 52 by cytopathology. All patients received radiotherapy to a dose of 40-76 ?Gy and were followed up for more than five years. Results The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 67.6%, 28.0% and 15.7%. Absence of concurrent disease and Karnofsky performance status ≥80 were favorable prognostic factors. Conclusions Radiotherapy is effective for stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer patients who are contraindicated for surgery. Higher dose of radiotherapy is recommended to improve the local control and survival rate.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of granulocyte(-macrophage) colony stimulating factor[G(M)-CSF] inthe treatment of concomitant chemoradiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients.Metheds: Fifteen patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer was received concomitant chemoradiotherapy, whilewhite blood cell count were less than 1. 5?10~9/L with grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ oral mucositis, they were subcutaneously given G(M)-CSF at dose of 100-300?g daily for 3～10 days. Results: After administration of G(M)-CSF, all of the patients had anaugmantation of white blood cell count more than 5. 0?10~9/L. Complete healing of oral mucositis occurred in 1 patient(CR), partial in 8 patients(PR), whereas 6 patients had no change and none was progressive, the objective response rate(CR+PR) was 60%. Condusions: G(M)-CSF is proved effective for oral mucositis caused by concomitant chemoradio-therapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients.