Naming refers to broad nerve network, the cerebral location of naming is not clearly so far. It is a main measure to study the mechanism of naming by combining the symptoms and the imaging examination of aphasic patients. Meanwhile, it is also a focus of research in the field of neuropsychology. Many models on naming were produced. In this article, the authors reviewed the previous research fruits on naming and summarized some useful neuroanatomical pathways, cortex areas related to naming such as fusiform gyrus, angular gyrus, etc., and the most influential theories in the field of neuropsychology: namely lexicon system and lexical access theories.

This article would review the general symptoms of anomia and the classification of anomia based on the clinical characteristics, including word production anomia, word selection anomia, semantic anomia, category-specific anomia, modality-specific anomia.

Objective To analyze the characteristic of tuberculous encephalitis following with dysphagia. Methods The characteristic of the patient was analyzed, and the signs and symptoms were inconsistent. And it was different with neuro dysphagia. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study was used to further examine. Results The cause of the patient's dysphagia was confirmed as tracheoesophageal fistula. Conclusion It exists clinically that brain lesion accompanied with constructional dysphagia without neurogenic dysphagia.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic value of Shuxuetong injection in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods 89 ACS patients were divided randomly into two groups: control group(n =44) and experimental group(n=45).The conventional therapy was used in the control group while Shuxuetong was added in the experimental group.The course of treatment was two weeks.Thromboxane B2(TXB2) and 6-keto-prosta-glandin F1a (6-K-PGF1a) were detected by radio-immunity before and after therapy.Homocysteine were tested by corpuscle enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results TXB2 was obviously lower in the experimental group [(554.2±303.2) ng/L] and the control group [(737.2±299.3 ) ng/L ] after treatment than that before treatment (P<0.05).Homocysteine was obviously lower in the experimental group [(10.42±2.99 )μmol/L ] and the control group [(16.39±2.29) μmol/L ] after treatment than that before treatment (P < 0.05 ).6-K-PGF1a was obviously higher in the experimental group[(328.4±99.6) ng/L] and the control group[ (234.5±96.2) ng/L] after treat-ment than that before treatment (P<0.05).TXB2 and homoeysteine in the experimental group were obviously lower than those in the control group after treatment(P<0.05). 6-K-PGF1 a in the experimental group was obviously high-er than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion Shuxuetong injection could degrade the level of TXB2 and HCY, increase the level of PGF1 a and improve the balance of TXB2/PGF1a, so Shuxuetong is ef-fective in treating acute coronary syndrome.

Objective To explore the value of prenatal diagnosis and sonographic features of Joubert syndrome and related disease (JSRD). Methods From April 2013 to August 2013, a fetal suspected hydrocephaly and the child of the same family were studied in Southern Medical University Afifliated Shenzhen Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital. The fetal underwent ultrasonographic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, genetic test and autopsy. The propositus underwent magnetic resonance imaging, genetic test and clinical test. The magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonographic imaging features of the JSRD were analysed. Results (1) Ultrasound results:′cleft sign′was detected because of the fetus cerebellar vermis dysplasia. The width of left ventricle was 2.3 cm. (2) MRI results:Both the fetal and the propositus showed′molar tooth sign′and′cleft sign′. (3) Genetic test results:Both of them had the mutations of CC2D2A gene at chromosome 4p15.32. (4) Fetal autopsy results:fetal cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and cerebellar hemispheres moved closer to the midline. (5) Clinical test result:the propositus had poor audio-visual reaction, looked instability, poor head-eye coordination, upper eyelid lifting fatigue, mental retardation and ataxia. His mouth crooked when he was crying. (6) The electroencephalogram results:the EEG with abnormal 3-4 Hz coming from occipital cortex showed poor sleep background. Frontal area launched sharp wave frequently. It was more obvious on the right area. Conclusions It is easy to diagnose JSRD according to the′molar tooth sign′,′cleft sign′,′bat wing sign′and the clinical features. The′molar tooth sign′on prenatal MRI may prompt JSRD risk, but it is not speciifc. Prenatal ultrasonographic features of cerebellar vermis hypogenesis provide some clues for the diagnosis.

Our country has been using maturity grading method, which was proposed by Grammum in 1979, to evaluate the placental function. However, this method is subjective to consequence because it totally depends on the observation and experiences of clinicians. With the development of ultrasound technology, therefore, we reviewed more novel applications in other aspects of placenta (such as blood flow, vascularization, etc). Over the past years, scholars in the world have done a lot of research around these topics. In this review we introduce placental maturity grading with B-mode ultrasound, placental vascularization qualitative and quantitative analysis with three-dimensional Doppler ultrasound and placental volume measurement, respectively.
Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Placenta ; diagnostic imaging ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Objective To compare the sonographic and pathologic features of calcified and non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ DCIS Methods A total of 83 lesions in 82 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed pure DCIS were recruited One patient had bilateral lesions All lesions were divided into calcified DCIS and non-calcified DCIS according to the presence of calcifications on mammography Their sonographic features and pathologic reports for all patients with DCIS were retrospectively reviewed Statistical comparisons were performed using the chi-square test Results 1 Calcified DCIS showed positive ultrasound US findings in 80% 44 55 of cases The most common US finding was nonmass lesions 43 6% 24 55 Nine cases had pure ductal dilatations 16 4% 9 55 Non-calcified DCIS showed positive US findings in 96 4% 27 28 of cases The most common US finding was mass 89 2% 25 28 Two cases had pure ductal dilatations 7 1 % 2 28 No significant difference was found in the shape margin orientation posterior feature of a mass between the calcified and non-calcified groups P >0 05 Significant difference was observed in the size boundary echogenicity on ultrasound of the two groups P <0 05 2 At histopathology the pathological scores high nuclear grade positive ER status positive PR status positive Ki67 status and the presence of Her-2 neu oncogene were more common in the calcified group than in the non-calcified group Conclusions Calcified and non-calcified pure DCIS have different pathologic and sonographic features Calcified DCIS has more aggressive histological features than non-calcified DCIS.

Objective To study the synergism effect of 131 I-Herceptin and high-energy X-ray on HER2 overexpressed breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells.Methods The protein expression and gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 ( HER2 ) in SK-BR-3 cells were identified by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization ( FISH ) method, 131 I-Herceptin was prepared by iodogen method, and the IC15 concentration of 131 I-Herceptin on SK-BR-3 cell were selected by MTT method.The cells were divided into control group and drug group according to 131 I-Herceptin used or not, and were delivered five different doses of external irradiation (0,2,4 and 6Gy), and the synergism effect was detected by colonogenic assay.The cells were divided into blank group, drug group(131I-Herceptin), X-ray group(2 Gy external irradiation) and combination group (131I-Herceptin+2 Gy external irradiation), the apoptosis rate and death rate were detected by AO/EB method and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry.Results The labling rate, radiochemical purity and specific radioactivity of 131 I-Herceptin were 86.8%, 93.9% and 868.3 μci/mg, respectively.The IC15 of 131 I-Herceptin was 15.625μci/mL.131 I-Herceptin and high-energy X-ray significantly reduced surviving fraction ( SF) ( F=628.888,F=964.97,P<0.05) and there were interactions between them (F=113.046,P<0.05).There were significant differences in apoptosis rate and death rate among blank group, drug group, X-ray group and combination group(F=103.324,F=13.33,all P<0.05),and there were significant differences of pairwise comparison (P<0.05).After irradiation and 131I-Herceptin administration, the cell cycle changed obviously from G1-phase to G2-and S-phase.Conclusion 131 I-Herceptin combined with high-energy X-ray has the synergism effect on HER2 overexpressed breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells.

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The spices, with a wide range of remarkable pharmacological effects, were limited in developing clinical drugs because of their poor solubility, high irritation and low bioavailability. Controlled release preparations can delay the release of drugs on the basis of solubility enhancement to improve bioavailability. The research on spice ingredient-loaded controlled release preparations was sum-marized in the paper for the further development of spice active ingredients.