OBJECTIVE To take effective disinfection and isolation measures to prevent and control infection after blood sampling and to ensure the safety of the blood donors and the health of the recepients.METHODS Effectively and strictly sterilize and isolate the blood sampling environment,the materials,the donors arms,the medical staff fingers etc;and strictly obey the aseptic technique regulations;and strict sense of disinfection.RESULTS No single case of infection occurred since October,2000.CONCLUSIONS Our measures have prevented and controlled infection after blood sampling;and have ensured the safety of donors.An increasing satisfaction is found from among the donors.More and more citizens are becoming active voluntary blood donors.

Objective To modified doxorubicin liposome with transferrin(TF),and to investigate its inhibition efficacy on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells.Methods The liposome was prepared by thin film ultrasonic,and doxorubicin liposomal was prepared by sulfuric acid gradient.The TF-doxorubicin lipo-some was prepared by the post insertion method.The uptake of TF-liposomal doxorubicin on breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were detected by confocal microscopy.The killing ability of TF-doxorubicin liposomal targeting for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were detected by MTT assay.Inhibitory effect of TF-doxorubicin lipo-some on the growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were detected by soft agar colony assay.Results Confocal microscopy result showed that the uptake of TF-liposomal doxorubicin on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were signifi-cantly higher than doxorubicin liposomal.Cell-killing ability on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 showed that the IC50 in TF-liposomal doxorubicin [MCF-7 cells:(20.8 ±3.2)μmol/L;MDA-MB-231 cells:(20.1 ±3.0)μmol/L)] were significantly lower than the liposomal [(1 58.6 ±24.6)μmol/L;(1 60.1 ±25.1 )μmol/L)]and free doxorubicin [(1 61 .7 ±26.2)μmol/L;(1 66.9 ±27.0)μmol/L)],with significant differences(F =1 1 6.03, P <0.001 ;F =75.29,P <0.001 ).Soft agar colony assay showed that the inhibition of TF-doxorubicin lipo-some on colony growth were significantly higher than doxorubicin liposome,free doxorubicin and control [dia-meter of MDA-MB-231 cells:(60.5 ±10.4)μm,(94.3 ±16.8)μm,(1 31 .8 ±22.6)μm,(162.8 ±30.3)μm;diameter of MCF-7 cells:(31 .8 ±5.5)μm,(62.1 ±11 .1 )μm,(108.6 ±1 8.6)μm,157.4 ±29.3)μm],with significant differences (F =87.17,P <0.000 1 ;F =178.23,P <0.000 1 ).Conclusion TF-doxorubicin lipo-some has a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro,and can effectively and specifically kill the breast cancer cells,which provides theoretical basis for the treatment of breast cancer in vivo.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of precise and traditional liver resection in the treatment of intrahepatic bile duct stones. MethodsOne hundred and twenty-seven patients with intrahepatic bile duct stones who were treated with surgery in our hospital from December 2008 to December 2014 were selected and divided into precise liver resection group (n=72) and traditional liver resection group (n=55) based on the type of surgery. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, amount of postoperative drainage, postoperative time to recovery, postoperative complications (incision infection, biliary fistula, lung infection, and pleural effusion), hospitalization cost, postoperative residual calculi, and postoperative calculus recurrence were compared between the two groups. Between-group comparison of continuous data was made by t test, and between-group comparison of categorical data was made by χ2 test. Survival data were analyzed using survival function. ResultsThere were significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, amount of postoperative drainage, postoperative time to recovery, and hospitalization cost between the precise liver resection group and the traditional liver resection group (t=3.720, 58.681, 19.169, 5.990, and 6.944; all P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative complications including incision infection, biliary fistula, lung infection, and pleural effusion between the two groups (all P＞0.05). There were also no significant differences in the incidence rates of postoperative residual calculi and calculus recurrence between the two groups (all P＞0.05). The survival analysis of postoperative calculus recurrence time showed that there was no significant difference in calculus recurrence time between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionCompared with traditional liver resection, precise liver resection has the advantages of shorter operation time, less intraoperative bleeding, less postoperative drainage, and faster recovery; however, precise liver resection raises hospitalization cost. Moreover, precise liver resection does not increase the risks of postoperative complications including incision infection, biliary fistula, lung infection, and pleural effusion; however, it does not reduce the incidence rates of postoperative residual calculi and calculus recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the association between the decrease of the perioperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level during perioperative period and the prognosis in patients with colon cancer after a curative resection.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between preoperative serum CEA level and different clinicopathologic features in 605 cases who underwent a curative resection for colon cancer from January 2006 to April 2011.According to the preoperative serum CEA level,the patients were divided into two groups:≤5 ng/ml and ＞5 ng/ml group.The critical value of the CEA decreasing rate in preoperative serum CEA ＞ 5 ng/ml group was calculated,and the relationship between this critical value and survival rate was then analyzed.Univariate and multivariate models were used to detect the risk factors of overall survival rate (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) in preoperative serum CEA ＞ 5 ng/ml patients.Results The preoperative serum CEA levels were significantly associated with lymphatic invasion (x2 =14.122,P＜0.001),T stages (x2 =40.153,P ＜0.001),N stages (x2 =22.721,P ＜0.001) and pathological stages (x2 =38.576,P ＜ 0.001),except for sex (x2 =0.453,P =0.501),age (x2 =0.195,P =0.659) and histological stages (x2 =6.135,P =0.112).The critical values of CEA decreasing rate for OS and DFS were 48.95％ and 50.81％ in preoperative serum CEA ＞5 ng/ml group respectively.There were significant differences of 5-year OS (31.37％ vs.76.63％,x2 =43.235,P ＜ 0.001) and 5-year DFS (27.69％ vs.72.10％,x2 =55.561,P ＜0.001) between patients after operation whose CEA decreasing rate were lower than critical value and those whose were higher.Univariate analysis showed that the decreasing rate of CEA was an influence factor for OS (x2 =43.235,P ＜ 0.001) and DFS (x2 =55.561,P ＜ 0.001) of preoperative serum CEA ＞ 5 ng/ml patients.The N stages and pathological stages were both related to OS (x2 =14.683,P＜0.001;x2 =12.295,P＜0.001) and DFS (x2 =16.212,P＜0.001;x2 =13.704,P＜0.001)respectively.Multivariate model showed that the decreasing rate of CEA level and N stages were both associated withOS (x2=18.885,P＜0.001;x2 =7.523,P＜0.001) and DFS (x2 =19.275,P＜0.001;x2 =6.997,P ＜ 0.001) of preoperative serum CEA ＞ 5 ng/ml patients.Conclusion A high decreasing rate of serum CEA level after operation in colon cancer patients who have high CEA levels before the curative resection can be a protective factor for prognosis,especially when the decreasing rate is higher than the critical value.

Objective To study the safe dose of Ginseng (Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng) through analysis of literature from Tang dynasty (618 AD) to Republic period(1949 AD).Methods The selection strategy for literature and prescriptions was made to acquire the formulae in need.The authoritative prescription-books from Tang Dynasty to Republic period,or representative books of the renowned doctors who was good at using Ginseng in that period were chosen.From the books above mentioned,prescriptions with Ginseng to tranquilize mind were included,in which insomnia and/or dreaminess were recorded as symptoms or clinical applications.Prescriptions without definite dose or only with dose for children were excluded.All herbal names were standardized according to current TCM terms.Then the maximum,minimum,frequency and 80％ confidence interval of dose were studied.The dose range of Ginseng in deferent dosage form was discussed according to above data.Results Fourteen classical TCM books were included,from which 85 formulae were studied.In the form of root slices decoction,the applied daily dose of Ginseng ranged from 3.73 g to 18.65 g,while in the formulae with symptom of dreaminess,the dose ranged from 7.46 g to 11.19g.In the form of root powder decoction,the single dose range was 0.07 g to 5.16 g,while in the formulae with symptom of dreaminess,the dose range was 1.03 g to 4.45 g.In the form of pill or powder,the single dose range was 0.68 g to 6.54 g,and 12％ to 30％ in total dose of the prescription.Conclusion For the root slices decoction,the favorable dose range of Ginseng is between 7 g and 11 g,but not more than 18.00 g per day.For the root power decoction,the favorable dose range is from 1 g to 4.00 g,and the maximum single dose is 5.00 g.For pill or powder form,the maximum dose is 6.00 g,taking 12％ to 30％ in total prescription.