Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of short tandem repeat(STR) genotyping of cell free DNA in plasma for individual identification and paternity testing. Methods EDTA-Na2 DNA anti-coagulant blood samples were collected from 36 unrelated healthy volunteers,and both DNA in leukocytes and cell free DNA in plasma were extracted respectively using phenol-chloroform method. Target DNA in blood cells and plasma were amplified using regular STR typing and fluorescent multiplex STR assay separately,accordingly,the PCR products were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis. Results Using either normal PCR-STR or fluorescent multiplex STR assay,the consistent STR genotyping results were detected with similar efficiency for cell DNA and plasma DNA samples from the same individual. Conclusion Cell free DNA in plasma samples can be used as useful biological samples for STR genotyping,which can be applied to individual identification and paternity testing in forensic practice.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of portal venous thrombosis ( PVST) following laparoscopic splenectomy ( LS) in cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism .Methods The clinical data of 62 patients with secondary hypersplenism due to cirrhotic portal hypertension admitted to the Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University were retrospectively analyzed .These patients underwent LS from January 2013 to April 2014.Based on whether the patients had PVST on postoperative day (POD) 7 or not, the pa-tients were categorized into the non-PVST and PVST groups .Fifteen perioperative variables were analyzed in these two groups .Results On univariate analysis , age and portal vein diameter in the PVST group were significantly higher and velocity of portal blood flow in the PVST group were significantly lower than those in the non-PVST group, (all P<0.05).Bivariate correlation analysis performed for the relationship between these variables and occurrence of PVST on POD 7 showed age >50 years, portal vein diameter >13 mm and velocity of portal blood flow >18 cm/s were significantly correlated .Multivariate logistic regression showed that age >50 years and portal vein diameter >13 mm were significantly independent risk factors of PVST, and velocity of portal blood flow >18 cm/s was an independent protective factor .Conclusion Age>50 years and portal vein diameter >13 mm were independent risk factors , while velocity of portal blood flow >18 cm/s was an independent protective factor of postoperative PVST .

Objective: In order to solve the problem of moisture absorption for Biantong Capsule, the extract granule of Chinese medicine is covered with HPMC for Biantong Capsule. Methods: Taking moisture absorption rate as measure index, various facters effected the moisture absorption rate, and the optimal coating process can be selected with well disturbed uniform design and computer analog test. Results: Under the condition of 25℃, relative moisture 75% and 100% respectively, the moisture absorption rate is lower than uncovered granules, the critic relative moisture of covered granules is greater than that of uncovered granules. Conclusion: Chinese medicine of Biantong Capsule covered with HPCM can be served as a good anti moisture method.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine and post-stroke depression in elderly. Methods 62 elderly first stroke patients with post-stroke depression, 20 first stroke patients without depression, and 100 healthy elderly as control were detected their fasting serum homocysteine with fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Results Serum homocysteine were (25.59±9.47) μmol/ L, (18.56±7.84) μmol/L, and (12.67±6.45) μmol/L in the depression group, non depression group and healthy group, respectively (P<0.05). The level of homocysteine correlated with the score of Hamilton Depression Scale (r=0.8953, P<0.05) and age (r=0.8462, P<0.05). Conclusion The level of serum homocyteine might be one of risk factor of depression in patients with stroke.

Objective To investigate the short-term therapeutic effect of warfarin in preventing portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after modified laparoscopic splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization.Methods The retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the clinical data of 32 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension who were admitted to the Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University between January 2014 and August 2014.The characteristics of warfarin and aspirin regimens were introduced to the patients before operation for choosing postoperative therapeutic regimen.Based on the decisions, 17 and 15 patients receiving warfarin regimen and aspirin regimen were divided into the warfarin group and the aspirin group, respectively.All the patients underwent successful modified laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization with intraoperative autologous blood salvage.The treatments were as follows : from postoperative day 3, patients in the warfarin group received 2.5 mg of oral warfarin once daily with titration of the dose to maintain a target international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.0-3.0 for 1 year;patients in the aspirin group received 100 mg aspirin enteric coated tablets for 1 year;and both groups received 50 mg of oral dipyridamole three times daily for 3 months and subcutaneous injection of 4 100 U of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) once daily for 5 days.Blood cell analysis, liver function, coagulation function and Doppler ultrasound screening for the occurrence of PVT were performed at the first and third months.Postoperative electronic gastroscopy was performed at 3 months postoperatively for observing the change of the esophageal and gastric-fundus varices.The patients were followed up till February 2015.The incidences of PVT and the level of INR at the first week, the first month and the third month after operation were observed.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s and analyzed by t test, and measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M(range) and analyzed by the rank-sum test.Comparison of the mean INR at different time points between the 2 groups was analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA.Comparison of count data was analyzed by the Fisher's Exact Probility.Results There were no gastrointestinal hemorrhage or perioperative death in the 2 groups.(1) The overall incidences of PVT at postoperative week 1 were 9/17 and 6/15 in the warfarin and the aspirin groups, respectively, with no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).However, the overall incidences of PVT at postoperative month 1 and 3 were 7/17 and 3/17 in the warfarin group, which was significantly different from 12/15 and 12/15 in the aspirin group (P ＜ 0.05).(2)The incidences of main portal vein thrombosis (MPVT) at postoperative week 1 and postoperative month 1 were 5/17 and 6/17 in the warfarin group, 4/15 and 5/15 in the aspirin group, showing no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of MPVT at postoperative month 3 was 3/17 in the warfarin group, which was significantly different from 9/15 in the aspirin group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The INR was changed from 1.30 ± 0.17 before operation to 1.55 ± 0.38 at postoperative month 3 in the warfarin group, and from 1.33 ±0.14 before operation to 1.21 ±0.11 at postoperative month 3 in the aspirin group, showing significant difference in the changing trend between the 2 groups (F =713.908, P ＜ 0.05).(4) All the 32 patients were followed up for a median time of 7 months (range, 3-11 months).The results of electronic gastroscopy at postoperative month 3 showed that the esophageal and gastric-fundus varices were obviously improved or disappeared.Conclusion Warfarin in preventing PVT after modified laparoscopic splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization is safe and feasible, with a good short-term outcome.

Objective To investigate the safety and clinical efficacies of synchronous laparoscopic hepatectomy combined with splenectomy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with cirrhotic portal hypertensive hypersplenism.Methods The clinical data of 5 patients with HCC associated with cirrhotic portal hypertensive hypersplenism who were admitted to the Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University between January 2015 and April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Five patients underwent synchronous laparoscopic hepatectomy combined with splenectomy and intraoperative autologous blood transfusion.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,time for diet intake,postoperative drainage tube removal time,duration of hospital stay and occurrence of complications were observed.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview till June 2015.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s.Results Of the 5 patients without conversion to open surgery,3 patients underwent synchronous laparoscopic hepatectomy combined with splenectomy,1 patient underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy + splenectomy + cholecystectomy and 1 patient underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy + splenectomy + devascularization.The operation time and volume of blood loss were (225 ± 41)minutes and (221 ± 81)mL.All the patients received intraoperative autologous blood transfusion without homologous blood transfusion.Two patients were complicated with abdominal effusion including 1 patient associated with pleural effusion,and symptoms of 2 patients disappeared after conservative treatment.All the patients took fluid diet at postoperative day 1 and out-of-bed activity at postoperative day 2,and drainage tubes were removed at postoperative day 3,with good recovery and without perioperative death.The duration of postoperative hospital stay was (7.8 ±0.8)days.All the 5 patients were followed up and survived well up to the end of follow-up.Conclusion Synchronous laparoscopic hepatectomy combined with splenectomy is safe and feasible for the treatment of HCC associated with cirrhotic portal hypertensive hypersplenism with an exact curative effect.

[Objective]This study was designed to determine growth inhibition of diallyl trisulfide(DATS)in human prostate cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and further to investigate the mechanism underlying such effect.[Methods]Growth inhibition by DATS was estimated by the tetrazolium(MTr)assay.Apoptosis induction in DATS-treated cells was assessed by fluorescence microscopy analysis of cells with condensed and segmented nuclei following staining with DAPI and flow cytometric analysis of cells with sub-G1 DNA content following staining with propidium iodide.Protein levels of apoptosis regulating proteins were determined using western blot.The activity of caspase-3 was measured using a colorimetric assay.[Result]DATS showed tumor growth inhibition in a time-and dose-dependent manner,IC_(50) of DATS was 14 μmol/L at 72 h.DATS evoked apoptosis as confirmed by cell morphology and by the analysis of flow cytometry.The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL,the apoptosis-suppressing proteins,was more down-regulated.The activity of caspase-3 was enhanced by DATS.[Conclusion]DATS inhibits growth of prostate cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in association with down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and activation of caspase-3.

Objective To find an ideal animal model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) through investigating the characteristics of three two-hit animal models of ARDS.Methods Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control group [2.5 mL/kg normal saline (NS) i.v.given at 0 min and 30 min];OA+OA group [0.5 mL/kg oleic acid (OA) i.v.given at 0 min and 30 min];LPS+LPS group [2.5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) i.v.given at 0 min and 30 min];and OA+LPS group [0.5 mL/kg OA i.v.given at 0 min and 2.5 mg/kg LPS,i.v.given at 30 min].The samples were collected at 5 h after the second drug injection.White blood cells count (WBC),polymorphonuclear leukocyte ratio (PMN%),total protein concentration,tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF),arterial blood gas analysis and lung wet-dry weight ratio (W/D) were measured,respectively.Pathological changes in the lung tissues were observed and histological scores were evaluated.Results Compared with those in the control group,PaCO2,WBC,PMN%,total protein concentration and TNF-α levels in BALF were significantly increased,while PaO2 was dramatically decreased (P<0.01) in the OA+OA,LPS+LPS and OA+LPS groups.The levels of protein concentration in BALF and lung W/D ratio in the OA+LPS group were significantly higher than these in the LPS+LPS group (P<0.05 for all),but had no statistically significant difference compared with these in the OA+OA group.The levels of WBC,PMN% and TNF-α in BALF in the OA+LPS group were significantly higher than those in the OA+OA group (P<0.05),but not significantly different from those in the LPS+LPS group.The most typical pathological changes and the highest pathological scores were found in the OA+LPS group.Conclusions All the three different methods including OA+OA,LPS+LPS,and OA+LPS can be used to establish “two-hit” animal models of acute respiratory distress syndrome.The “two-hit” animal model of acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by OA+LPS is more closer to clinical ARDS and is useful for studies on the pathophysiology of ARDS,and is an ideal “two-hit” animal model of ARDS.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of elective synchronous laparoscopic splenectomy plus portaazygous disconnection and hepatectomy for cirrhotic portal hypertension patients with hypersplenism, esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding and hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Two hepatocellular carcinoma patients with a history of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and secondary hypersplenism underwent one stage, non-emergency laparoscopic splenectomy plus portaazygous disconnection and hepatectomy between April 2015 and May 2015 in our department.Autologous red cell salvage was used during the operation.Liver resection was performed after splenectomy, portaazygous disconnection and the use of cell saver.Results The two operations were performed successfully.The operative time was 190 min and 205 min respectively, Volume of intraoperative bleeding was 180 ml and 260 ml.There was no intraoperative homologous blood transfusion.The two patients recovered smoothly, without major complications and postoperative hospital stay was 8 d and 9 d.Conclusions The procedure of synchronous laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection with hepatectomy for cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, hypersplenism and esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding is safe and feasible.

Objective To evaluate modified laparoscopic hepatic hemangioma extraction methods during laparoscopic hepatectomy.Methods From May 2009 to June 2013, 25 hepatic hemangioma patients were admitted for laparoscopic hepatectomy.Patients were divided into modified laparoscopic group with modified laparoscopic hepatic hemangioma extraction methods (MLH, n =11) and traditional laparoscopic group (TLH, n =14).Perioperative clinical parameters were compared between the two groups.Results Operative time (148.6 ± 18.0) min, time to removal of the HCH (15.7 ±4.6) min, visual analog scale pain score on the first postoperative day (2.3 ± 0.9), time to off-bed activity (2.5 ± 0.8) d, and postoperative hospital stay (8.5 ± 2.6)d in the MLH group were all less than those in the TLH group [(163.9±13.2)min, (33.9±3.1)min, (3.4±0.9), (3.1±0.8)d, (10.6±1.9)d] (t=-2.451,t =-11.800, t =-2.931, t =-2.156, t =-2.338,P ＜ 0.05).There were one in the MLH group and two cases in the TLH group developing postoperative complications (P =1.000).Conclusions Modified laparoscopic hepatic hemangioma extraction methods during laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatic hemangioma is safe, feasible and of good therapeutic effect.