A polyimide coated stir bar for sorptive extraction (SBSE) was prepared by immersion precipitation method, and evaluated by using 5 phenols and chlorinated phenols as model samples. The extraction efficiency of the prepared stir bar was the highest compared with commercial extraction phases of SBSE. Experimental parameters including stir speed, ionic strength, extraction temperature, extraction time, desorption temperature and time were optimized. Under the optimal conditions such as 100 mL of sample, 30 g of NaCl, extraction time of 30 min, stirring speed of 800 r/ min and at 25℃, the target compounds were recovered by thermal desorption at 300℃ for 4 min, more than two orders of magnitude of linearity was obtained (R≥0. 9995), LOQs (S/ N=10) were 0. 028-0. 123 μg/ L, and RSDs were in the range of 1. 6% -9. 7% . The polyimide SBSE coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to the extraction/ enrichment and analysis of phenols in real samples, including tap water, sea water, and waste water. It was found that the polyimide SBSE showed high selectivity towards polar compounds and high thermostability up to 350℃.

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BACKGROUND: Microglia is the immune effect cell in central nervous system, if it is activated, it will release neuron poisoning factors and inflammatory factors, and bring fatal injury.OBJECTIVE: To investigated the effect of focal cerebral reperfusion on activation of microglia and the effect of the regulation of electroacupuncturing Shuigou and Baihui.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled study.SETTING: The department of Physioltherapy, the 458 Hospital of Chinese PLA; Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University; The department of Histology-embryology, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: This experiment was processed at Histology-embryology Center of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in March 2002. Total 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups with 10 in each group.METHODS: ① Normal control group: The rats were not given any treatment and killed next day. ② Sham operation group: Only artery was separated, no suture inserted, killed next day. ③ 6, 12 and 24-hour reperfusion groups: The rats' right middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemia-reperfusion model was made by embolus suture technique, then the rat was killed after 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusing respectively 6, 12, 24hours. ④ 6-hour reperfusion + electroacupuncture group: Electroacupuncture was carried out immediately after the model was made, then the rat was killedafter 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusion 6 hours (The frequency was 4 Hz-16 Hz. Stimulus intensity increased 1 V per 10minutes and the final intensity was 3V. The stimulus was lasted 30 minutes). ⑤ 12-hour reperfusion + electroacupuncture B group: Electroacupuncture was carried out immediately after the model was made and 8 hours later, then the rat was killed after 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusion 12 hours. ⑥ 24-hour reperfusion + electroacupuncture group: Electroacupuncture was carried out immediately after the model was made and 8, 16 hours later, then the rat was killed after 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusion 24 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To calculate numbers of microglia and to observe its morphological changes.RESULTS: Data of totally 67 rats was entered the results analysis. No microglia was seen in the normal and sham operation groups. Large quantity of microglia was activated at the border of ischemic area in 6, 12 and 24reperfusion group, their quantity was largely increased, reaching apex at reperfusion 12 hours [(35.38±1.77), (54.25±1.67), (49.29±2.21)/200sights]. The quantity in every 6, 12 and 24 reperfusion + electroacupuncture group was less than that in model group [(32.11±2.80), (50.88±2.64),(45.45±3.95)/200 sights, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: The microglia in brain is activated after the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and induces toxic effect on neurons. The electroacupuncture can decrease activation of microglia so as to protect the neurons.

Objective To investigate the effects of Inula Britannica on myocardial caspase-3 and cytochrome c ( cyt c) following overtraining-induced acute myocardial injury in rats.Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats weighing 200-220 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group control (group C,n =8) ; group exhausting swim (group E,n =24) and group Inula Britannica (group IB,n =16).The animal model of overtraining-indnced acute myocardial injury was developed by exhausting swim.The animals were forced to swim until they were exhausted.The animals sank to the bottom and no righting reflex or escape response was elicited when they were taken out of water in groups E and IB.In group IB oral Inula Britannica 25 ml/kg was given 24 h and immediately before overtraining.Blood samples were taken from inferior vena cava immediately and at 6,24 h after overtraining in group E and at 6,24 h after overtraining in group IB for determination of serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration (by ELISA).The animals were sacrificed after blood sampling and myocardial specimens were obtained for microscopic examination and determination of caspase-3 and cyt c expression (by immuno-histochemistry).Results Overtraining significantly increased serum cTnI concentration and up-regulated myocardial caspase-3 and cyt c expression in group E as compared with group C.Oral Inula Britannica significantly attenuated overtraining-induced increase in serum cTnI concentration and myocardial caspase-3 and cyt c expression in group IB as compared with group E.Conclusion Inula Britannica can reduce overtraining-induced acute myocardial injury by down-regulating caspase-3 and cyt c expression.

Objective To investigate the relation between apolipoproteinC3 (-482C>T ) polymorphism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its clinical characteristics in the Han Chinese population. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)were used to analyse the genotype of the apolipoproteinC3 (-482C>T) variants. Results No relation between the apolipopreoteinC3 (-482C>T) polymorphism and NAFLD was found. However, NAFLD patients carrying T allele were more susceptible to insulin resistant (IR), hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) than homozygote CC genotype. Conclusion There was no relation between the apolipopreoteinC3 (-482C>T)polymorphism and NAFLD in Han Chinese population, but T-carriers were more susceptible to metabolic disorder.

OBJECTIVE To explore a management method for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in hospital. METHODS We applied the PDCA (plan,do,check and action) model to establish a management strategy for the prevention and control of infectious diseases for three years. The components of the management model included providing educational program for medical staff,designing and realizing direct network system for infectious disease reporting,monitoring diagnosed infectious diseases ,analyzing their epidemic tendency,guiding medical staff to prevent and control infectious diseases,and strengthening the surveillance,feedback,rewards and punishment. RESULTS The rate of delayed or missed report of infectious diseases was decreased from 5% to 1.1% by monthly check and from 6.8% to 0% by seasonally cross check. Although 46 cases of AIDS,5 cases of caesarean birth with HIV possitive and 1445 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were admitted in our hospital,No medical staff and other patients was crossly infected. CONCLUSIONS Our way of management based on PDCA model can strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases and assure medical quality and patient safety.

To examine the aging-related changes of microglia and astrocytes in hypothalamus of rats after intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic saline in rats, old- and young-aged rats were injected with hypertonic saline solution into peritoneal cavity. Lectin histochemical techniques using Ricinus communis agglutinin-1 (RCA-1) and immunocytochemical method employing antibody against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were used to demonstrate microglia and astrocytes in the hypothalamus of the rats, and the positively-stained cells were analyzed by computer-assisted image analysis system. Our results showed that the numbers of microglia and astrocytes were significantly increased in the hypothalamus of old-aged rats. After intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic saline, the number of microglia was significantly decreased in the hypothalamus of both young- and old-aged groups. After introperitoneal injection of hypertonic saline, the number of GFAP positive cells was significantly increased in the hypothalamus of young rats, but the number of GFAP positive cells did not show significant change in the hypothalamus of old rats. It is concluded that in the hypothalamus of old-aged rats, the increase of microglia may be related with the aging or degeneration of neurons, and the increase of astrocytes may provide more nourishment required by the aged neurons. The microglia and astrocytes in the hypothalamus of the two group rats may be affected by hypertonic saline, and the response of these cells to the stimuli is characterized by some aging-related changes.

Objective:To explore an effective treatment method for mycobacterial infection of multiple abscesses in the face and breast after autologous fat injection.Methods:Six patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection after autologous fat injection in the face and chest were treated from June to September in 2018. All patients underwent preoperative ultrasound localization. The small incision was opened for debridement and the necrotic granular tissues were completely scraped. Vacuum aspiration therapy in the sinus was used to promote wound growth, in line with the standard anti-tuberculosis drug treatment.Results:All six patients in this group were being followed up for 10-14 months. The average follow-up time was 12 months. All the infected patients were recovered, and the appearance of the infected site was satisfied by the patients.Conclusions:Small incision debridement with vacuum aspiration therapy combined with a variety of anti-tuberculosis drugs can effectively treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection after autologous fat injection, and achieve good results.

Objective To investigate the effect of different pressure CO 2 pneumoperitoneum on early postoperative cognitive function in female patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic sur-gery.Methods Ninety female patients,aged 40-60 years,ASA physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ,scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery,were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30). The pressure of CO 2 pneumoperitoneum were set at 6-8,9-1 1 and 12-14 mm Hg in groups L,M and H,respectively.All of the patients were tested by the neuropsychology and questionnaire review to estimate whether the patient got cognitive decline at 24 h before the operation.The venous blood sam-ples 10 minutes before anesthesia (T1 ),at the end of surgery (T2 ),6 hours after surgery (T3 ),24 hours after surgery (T4 )and 72 hours after surgery (T5 )were collected for determination of serum concentrations of NSE and S100βprotein.The pH,PaCO 2 and PaO 2 were recorded before anesthesia (Ta ),before pneumoperitoneum (Tb ),1 hour after pneumoperitoneum (Tc ),2 hours after pneumo-peritoneum (Td )and 1 hour after stopping pneumoperitoneum (Te ).Results Scores of these tests in three groups were not different and there was no patient with cognitive decline after surgery.Com-pared with group H,the concentration of NSE at T2 and T3 was significantly lower in groups L and M (P <0.05).Compared with group H,the concentration of S100βprotein at T2 was significantly lower in groups L and M (P <0.05).Compared with group L,pH at Tc and Td was significantly decreased in groups M and H (P <0.05).Compared with group L,PaCO 2 was significantly increased at Tc-Te in groups M and H (P <0.05).Conclusion Different pressure of CO 2 pneumoperitoneum has no ob-vious effect on the early cognitive function,but low (6-8 mm Hg)CO 2 pneumoperitoneum can reduce the release of NSE and S100βprotein after operation.

Objective To observe the impacts of different storage temperatures on the activities of adipose tissues and the extraction and proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) situated in harvested fat.Methods Adipose tissues obtained by liposuctions in healthy females were kept in different temperature;all groups of adipose tissues were studied in context of the histomorphology and activity of GAPD as well as the extraction efficiency and proliferation of ADSCs.Results Adipose tissues cryopreserved at 4 ℃ within 24 hours could retain their activities effectively,but their activities would decrease rapidly if they preserved at room temperature.The efficiency of adipose tissues extracting stem cells and their proliferations were affected by storage temperatures and times.If adipose tissues were preserved at room temperature for over 1 hour,the extraction efficiency and proliferation of their ADSCs would be lower significantly.Conclusions Adipose tissues cryopreserved at 4 ℃ can effectively ensure their activities and their extraction efficiency and proliferation of ADSCs.It is important to preserve adipose tissues at low temperature after harvesting fat graft.