Objective:To investigate clinical manifestations,histopathological patterns and effective diagnostic methods for benign neoplasm in small intestine.Methods:The data of 31 pathologically confirmed cases admitted from January 1978 to June 2002 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Main pathological patterns of benign neoplasm were leiomyoma,angioma,adenoma,and neurilemmoma.Thirteen,ten and eight cases were located in jejunum,ileum and duodenum respectively.The common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain,anemia and hemorrhage,and obstructions.The neoplasm was easily confused with other digestive tract diseases.Positive diagnosis rate was lower with routine endoscopy and barium meal.Conclusion:Main pathological patterns of benign neoplasm are leiomyoma,angioma,adenoma,neurilemmoma and its non-specific clinical manifestations will cause misdiagnosis.Diagnostic methods are lacking and small intestinal endoscopy and selectivel angiography of celiac artery can increase diagnosis rate.

Objective:To analyze and discuss etiology and diagnosis of small intestinal hemorrhage.Methods:Fifty-four cases, who had small intestinal hemorrhage and had been admitted in our hospital from 1980.1 to 2003.12,were analyzed according to etiology and diagnosis.Results:Small intestinal tumors were found in 35 cases(64.81%),among which most were malignant (68.57%),angiodysplasia in 10 cases (18.52%),Crohn's disease,infective disease and diverticula in 9 cases (16.67%).The positive rates of intraoperative colonoscopy,angiography,radionucleide scanning,endoscopy,intestinal tract X-ray as well as ultrasound were 6/6(100%),4/5(80%),5/6(83.33%),8/37(21.62%),6/24(25.00%) and 10/29(34.48%) respectively.Conclusion:Tumor is the most common cause of small intestinal hemorrhage and angiodysplasia often cause small intestinal massive bleeding.Besides intraoperative colonoscopy,angiography and radionucleide scanning special diagnostic methods.B ultrasound is helpful for diagnosis of small intestinal hemorrhage.

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in delayed cardiac xenograft rejection in NIH-Wistar.Methods:The model of cervical heterotopic heart transplantation in NIH-Wistar was established.The hearts were harvested 1,6,12,24,48 as well as 72 hours before and after transplantion respectively.HO-1mRNA and HO-1 protein were examined by RT-PCR and Western Blot,HO-1 enzymatic activity was examined.The survival time of transplanted heart,in which HO-1 was induced by cobalt protoporphyrin(CoPP),was compared with the control.Results:HO-1 was expressed in transplanted heart.The expression of HO-1mRNA(t=2.5170,P

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, histopathological patterns and causes of misdiagnosis of primary malignant tumor in small intestine (PMTSI). Methods The clinical data of 90 cases of PMTSI confirmed by pathology admitted from 1981 to 2002 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main pathological patterns of PMTSI were adenocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma and malignant neurilemmoma. The common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain, anemia and hemorrhage, jaundice, weight loss and intestinal obstructions. Preoperative diagnosis rate was 22.2%(20/90). It was easily misdiagnosed as other digestive tract diseases and pelvic disorders. Preoperative misdiagnosis rate was 77.8%. Conclusions The main pathological patterns of PMTSI are adenocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma and malignant neurilemmoma.Its clinical manifestations and diagnostic examination methods are not good enough, which usually leads to misdiagnosis ,so attention must be paid.

Vascular cognitive impairment refers to all cognitive impairment syndromes associated with vascular diseases,including severe cognitive impairment from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia.Citicoline is a necessary intermediate of the phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis,an important component of the neuronal membranes.Experimental studies have shown that citicoline has neuroprotective and neurorepair effects in cerebral ischemia.Clinical studies have shown that citicoline may improve cognitive function in patients with vascular cognitive impairment.

Objective To study the liver injury and effects of aescin on liver in rats with acute pancreatitis. Methods The rats were divided into 3 groups (control group, AP group and aescin group). The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hepatic cellular energy charge (EC) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were detected. The pathologic changes in pancreas and liver were also observed. Results The serum levels of ALT and LDH in aescin group were significantly lower than those of the AP group. The EC and ATP levels were significantly higher in aescin group than that of the AP group. Conclusion Introvenous injection of aescin can alleviate the liver injury in rats with acute pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 for xeno-heart transplantation and the possible mechanism.Methods Cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP), HO-1 inducer, and zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), HO-1 inhibitor, were used to intervene donors and recipients on the model of NIH-Wistar cardiac transplants respectively and simultaneously some of recipients were treated with immunesuppressor cyclosporine A (CsA), and control group and CsA treated group were set up respectively. The expression of HO-1 protein, HO-1 mRNA, caspase-3 and STAT-3 in transplanted heart tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and Western Blot. At the same time, HO-1 enzymatic activity was examined in heart tissue, and the cardiac cell apoptosis was examined by means of TUNEL. The differences among various factors were compared.Results The survival time of cardiac transplants in CoPP group was longer than that in control and ZnPP groups (P

Pancreatic encephalopathy(PE)is one of the severe complications in acute pancreati-tis,which is characterized by a group of neurological signs and symptoms. Itˊs very difficult to have an early diagnosis,while the morality of PE is very high and the prognosis is very poor. Eliminating causes of pan-creatic encephalopathy,early diagnosis and combined therapy are the keys to achieve good curative effects. This paper reviewed the recent progress in the main mechanisms,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and therapy of PE.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Proteasome inhibitor MG132 on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after pancreas transplantation in rats,and the possible mechanism.Method Fifteen normal SD rats were allocated into the sham operation group.In the allogenic male SD rats,the model of pancreas transplantation was established.The recipients were divided into another two groups (n =15 each) at random:IRI group and the MG132 pretreatment group.Serum amylase level was determined at 1,3 and 6 h after the operation.Pancreas samples were harvested at the same time for pathological study by light microscopy.The expression of NF-κB P65 protein in the pancreas was detected by using Western blotting.The expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in the pancreas was detected by using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.Result Tissue damage on IRI group was more severe than in sham operation group.The level of serum amylase,and the expression of P65,TNF-α and ICAM-1 were higher in IRI group than those in sham operation group (P＜0.05).Tissue damage in MG132 pretreatment group was milder than in IRI group.The level of serum amylase,and the expression of P65,TNF-α and ICAM-1 were lower in MG132 pretreatment group than in IRI group (P＜0.05).Conclusion MG132 pretreatment can alleviate the pancreas IRI after pancreas transplantation,probably by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB,and the inhibition effect can down-regulate the expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1.

Objective To explore the mechanism of delayed xenograft rejection(DXR) by dynamic observation of histological and immunohistologic changes in mouse-to-rat cardiac xenografts.Methods A model of mouse-to-rat cardiac heterotopic xenotransplantation in neck was established by cuff technique.NIH mouse hearts not transplanted served as controls(n=4).Some xenograft recipients were killed and cardiac xenografts harvested at end of 3,8,16,24 h(n=4 for each time point) after transplantation.The cardiac hearts(n=16) of some xenograft recipients were not harvested until rejection time to determine their survival time.All heart samples were examined by HE and immunohistochemistry for semi-quantitative determination of antibodies including C3,IgM,IgG,E-selectin and macrophage marker——CD68.Results During the period after transplantation,the degree of rejection of xenografts became more and more serious till ultimate rejection.The mean survival time of the xenografts was(49.3?16.2) h.Immunohistochemical examination showed C3 were not detected in the xenografts at any time during the course of rejection;From 3 h after transplantation,obvious deposition of IgM was found in the grafts and IgG deposition got abundant;E-selectin expression was found as early as 3 h after transplantation and increased gradually;There was progressive infiltration by macrophages in the grafts.Conclusion Mouse-to-rat cardiac xenotransplantation can serve as an animal model of DXR.Endothelial cells activation,IgM and IgG,macrophage infiltration involve in DXR development except C3.