Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonic elastography in lymph node staging of gastrointestinal tumors.Methods Thirty-nine abdominal lymph nodes and 26 mediastinal lymph nodes of 35 patients with gastric cancer or esophageal carcer were examined by endoscopic ultrasonic elastography of five-point elastic score.Lymph node at 1-3 points was regarded as negative(benign),while 4-5 points as positive(malignant).The diagnostic value of EUS elastography was determined by comparing the results with pathological findings.Results Of all the 65 lymph nodes,49 were diagnosed as positive and 16 negative.The sensitivity and specificity of EUSE in the diagnosis of malignant lymph nodes were 91.1%and 60.0%.respectively.Conclusion EUSE is helpful for diagnosis of malignant metastasic lymph nodes.

Objective To evaluate the application of tubular stomach gastroesophagostomy on the life quality after esophagectomy surgery.Methods From March 2011 to September 2011,66 cases of esophageal cancer patients were divided in two groups in randomized principles.Tirty-four cases in group of tubiform gastro surgery whose the stomach was cut into tubiform stomach in width of 4 cm.And 32 cases of conventional group and whose surgery method was adopted to maintain whole stomach but cut the cardia.And then,using statistical methods,life quality after esophagectomy (treatment related symptoms,general symptoms,daily life,social life,emotional activities) and the perioperative complications were evaluated in 3,6,12,24 months in comparison and analysis.Results Sixty-six surgeries of both group patients were successfully performed,tumor resection rate was 100％,and there was no intraoperative accident also no perioperative death.There was no statistical significance of perioperative complications of 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Life quality of tubiform gastro group had improved apparently more than conventional group at the 3rd,6th,12th and 24th month after surgery(78.68 ±2.23 vs 65.94± 4.13,83.79 ± 2.40 vs 66.84 ± 5.86,86.41 ± 1.94 vs 67.09 ± 4.43,89.02 ± 1.71 vs 68.88 ±3.53,P＜0.05).At each time point,there were statistically significant differences between tubiform gastro group and conventional group on treatment related symptoms,general symptoms,daily life,emotion activities (P ＜0.05).At the 3rd,6th month after surgery,tubiform gastro group and the conventional group had no statistically significant difference in the aspect of social life (P＞0.05).In the conventional group,the evaluation of quality of life at each time point after surgery and before a point in time in the same group showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Conclusion Tubiform gastro esophagectomy has a positive influence on life quality of patients of esophageal cancer after surgery prospectively.

Alcoholic liver disease ( ALD ) , a chronic progres-sive disease, threatens human health seriously. An increasing number of studies have shown that gut flora dysbiosis plays an important role in the development of ALD. Intestinal microbiota maintains a steady state under normal conditions, regulating gut flora normal physiological function. However, chronic alcohol consumption produces intestinal bacteria overgrowth and dysbio-sis, including the alteration of the composition of intestinal mi-croflora, the increment of gut permeability and bacterial translo-cation. Subsequently, the host immune is activated, promoting the production of inflammatory cytokines in liver, which plays a central role in the development of ALD. Notably, the supple-ment of prebiotics or probiotics reverses the intestinal flora disor-der,ameliorating the clinical symptoms effectively in ALD pa-tients. The evidence impies that the modulation of dysbiosis may be effective in the prevention and treatment of ALD. This review summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of the devel-opment of dysbiosis-mediated ALD, to provide a theoretical basis for the research on intestinal flora and ALD.

Objective To investigate the differences of EUS images between stromal tumors and leiomyoma in esophagus and cardia. Methods EUS image of 13 cases of stromal tumors and 11 cases of leiomyoma diagnozed immunohistochemically were collected. Information of gray scale including mean value and dissociation of lesions and submucosal layer were analyzed. Gray scale values of lesions were calibrated according to that of the submucosal layer. Results The mean value of corrected gray scale of stromal tumors was 0. 285, which was significantly different from that of leiomyoma (0. 185, P ＜ 0. 05). Dissociation of gray scale of stromal tumors was 8. 14, which was also significantly different from that of leiomyomia (4. 59,P ＜0. 05). Conclusion In esophagus and cardia, stromal tumors exhibits higher and more inhomogeneous ultrasound echo than leiomyoma.

Objective:To establish a detection method for ethanol in HuaiShi province Ye. Methods:Ethanol in HuaiShi Ye was determined by GC with a DB-ALC1 capillary column(30 m × 0. 53 mm,3. 0 μm), an FID detector and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The injector temperature was 200℃, the detector temperature was 250℃ and the column temperature was 80℃. The flow rate of N2 was 5 ml·min-1 . Tertbutyl alcohol was used as the internal standard, and 1. 0μl sample was injected by a headspace injector. Results:The solvents were completely separated, and the calibration curve of ethanol had good linear relationship within the range of 3. 177 0-15. 885 0 mg(r=0. 999 6), and the recovery was 98. 7%. The intra-day precision of different concentrations was less than 2. 5%. Conclusion:The method is sensitive, rapid, accurate and reliable, and can be used for the determination of ethanol in HuaiShi Ye.

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of EUS for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.MethodsClinical data of 26 patients with final diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,who had underwent EUS and EUS-FNA,were retrospectively analyzed.Results On EUS,pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors presented as hypoechoic masses with clear margins and rich blood flow.Of the 26 pancreatic lesions,3 were in the head,2 in unicate process,2 in neck,11 in body and 8 in tail.The tumors presented with function in 16 ( mean size 9 mm),and on function in 10 ( mean size 29 mm).EUS-FNA yeilded positive results in 22 patients and negative in 4.The accuracy rate of EUS for preoperative localization was 100％ in 23 patients who underwent surgery.ConclusionEUS can provide accurate preoperative localization and pathologic evidence for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic metal stent implantation for afferent limb obstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD). Methods A retrospective analysis of 5 patients with afferent limb obstruction after PD treated by endoscopic metal stent implantation was performed.Data of each patient was reviewed including the records of the endoscopic procedure,the complications and the clinical outcomes. Results All the metal stents were implanted successfully in the 5 patients. The abdominal disten-sion and cholangeitis were well relieved in all the patients. The liver function improved in all the patients in 3 to 5 days.No abdominal discomfort,bleeding,perforation,or stent dislocation occurred.CT scan showed that all stents were well expanded.The survival time of the 5 patients were 3 to 8 months,and 4. 6 months on av-erage. There was no recurrence of afferent limb obstruction. Conclusion For afferent limb obstruction after PD,endoscopic metal stent implantation is effective in relieving obstruction,the symptoms,and improving the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and safety of double-channel forward-view endoscopy for lower-position biliary obstruction after Billroth-Ⅱ gastrectomy.Methods A total of 18 patients with lower-position biliary obstruction after Billroth-Ⅱ gastrectomy were enrolled and treated with doublechannel forward-view endoscopy.The process and the outcomes were recorded.Effectiveness and safety were evaluated.Results Double-channel forward-view endoscopic treatment was successfully performed in 13 of the 18 patients (72％),with stone removal or stents implantion to resolve biliary obstruction.The procedure failed in 5 patients,who were transferred to surgery or underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage.Delayed bleeding occurred in 1 patient,and pancreatitis in 2,who were cured after standard treatments.Conclusion Double-channel forward-view endoscopy is effective and safe for lower-position biliary obstruction in patients after Billroth-Ⅱ gastrectomy.

Objective To evaluate the short-term safety and efficacy of endoscopic implantation of self-expandable metallic stent (SEMs) for malignant colorectal obstruction.Methods A total of 208 patients who had undergone endoscopic SEMs implantation for malignant colonic obstruction from January 2012 to May 2014 at the endoscopy center of Shengjing hospital were enrolled.The technical and clinical success rate and the complications were reviewed.Results The technical and clinical success rates were 99.04％ (206/208) and 96.15％ (200/208), respectively.Abdominal pain, perforation and bleeding were the most common post-procedure complications, the rates of which were 13.46％ (28/208), 2.88％ (6/208), 1.92％ (4/208), respectively.The abdominal pain in most patients was self-relieving except for 6 patients with perforation of colon.Patients with perforation were cured by emergency surgery.One patient with intraperitoneal hemorrhage was also cured by emergency surgery, the other patients developing bleeding recovered themselves.Conclusion The success rate of endoscopic SEMs implantation is satisfactory in the study.As a bridge to surgery or a palliative care method, endoscopic SEMs implantation is effective and safe for malignant colorectal obstruction.

Objective To investigate whether preoperative proton pump inhibitor (PPI) would increase the risk of bacteremia after endoscopic ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).Methods Dogs were randomly divided into experimental group ( n = 8) to take 20mg of omeprazole orally twice a day for 3 days before EUS-FNA, and control group (n = 10) to take placebo.EUS-FNA was performed to puncture the pancreas, and blood was collected before and after the procedure for culture.Bacteremia incidence of the two groups were compared.Results Bacteria culture was positive in 11 edogse.After excluding contamination, 1 dog in experimental group and 3 in control group were authentical bacteremia.There was no significant difference on the incidence of bacteremia between 2 groups based on Fisher test ( P = 0.383).Conclusion Aplication of PPI before EUS-FNA is not likely to increase the incidence of bacteremia.