Objective To evaluate the feasibility of inducing choroidal neovascularization(CNV) in Brown Norway(BN) rats by diode laser with wavelength of 810 nm. Methods Thirty-five BN rats were divided into(7 groups.)In each groups,one rat served as control,while the other four recieved retinal photocoagulation by diode(laser) in two eyes,at a spot size of 75 ?m with a duration of 100 ms and power of 140 mW.On 1,3,7,14,21,28 and 56 days after photocoagulation,the formation and nature process of CNV were observed by fundus fluorescein(angiography)(FFA),indocyaninegreen angiography(ICGA) and light microscopy(LM). Results FFA,ICGA and LM demonstrated that CNV began to form on the seventh day after photocoagulation,increased on the fourteenth day,reached the peak on the twenty-first day and kept stable until the fifty-sixth day. Conclusion Diode Laser can successfully induced CNV in BN rats,and it is an ideal animal model for further study.

Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are common in forensic appraisal of orbital fracture. Now imaging technology is very important for studying the forensic features of orbital fracture and evaluating the degree of injury. This article reviews the classification, pathogenesis and imaging diagnosis of orbital fracture. It may do some help to forensic appraisal of orbital fracture.
Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbital Fractures/diagnosis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Actins ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemangiosarcoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic value of 3D-indirectmagnetic resonance (MR) arthrography in detecting meniscustears of the knees.

METHODSForm January 2013 to January 2014, routine plain MR of the knees followed by the 3D-indirect MR arthrography was performed in 42 patients with suspected meniscal tears clinically. There were 31 males and 11 females, with an average age of 38.4 years old (ranged, 21 to 67 years old). The duration of the course ranged from 2 h to 15 d. The clinical symptom was knee pain. All the patients got subsequently arthroscopic examination or operation. The sensitivity and specificity of routine plain MR and 3D-indirect MR arthrography were compared based on the results of arthroscopic examination or operation.

RESULTSThe signal intensity in the area of meniscal tears on image of 3D-indirect MR arthrography was obviously higher than that of routine plain MR. The sensitivity of 3D-indirect MR arthrography was 85.79% (87/102), while the routine plain MR was 52.94% (54/102), and the specificity improved from 67.78%(61/90) to 86.67%(78/90). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 25.90, P < 0.01; χ2 = 9.13, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIn comparison with the routine plain MR findings, 3D-indirect MR arthrography demonstrates meniscus tears of the knee with the better sensitivity and specificity.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthrography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Knee Injuries ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries

OBJECTIVETo analyze the data of angle variation on traction based on a finite element model of complete cervical spine with straight physiological curvature, and try to give experimental reference and suggestion in treating cervical spondylosis.

METHODSA 43-year-old female patient with straight cervical spine was chosen and the CT scan data were collected. By using specially designed modeling system, a high quality finite element model of complete cervical spine with straight physiological curvature is generated,which included ligament and muscle according to anatomy. After the model was confirmed, traction was loaded with angle 0 degree, anterior 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, to observe the data of distance change on between adjacent intervertebral foramen, processus articularis, uncovertedral joint, intervertebral discs, and stress of anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus.

RESULTSWhen the angle was 0 degrees-15 degrees, the distance between intervertebral foramen, Luschka joint and processus articularis posterioris was enlarged, the tensile stress was adequate and compressive stress was small. It met the clinical requests.

CONCLUSION0 degree-15 degrees anterior position is suggested for the treatment of cervical spondylosis.

Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Female ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Spondylosis ; surgery ; Traction ; methods

Objective To investigate the imaging features of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of liver (PEComa),and to improve the diagnostic level of the disease. Methods A retrospective analysis of imaging manifestations was performed on 11 cases of hepatic hemangioma confirmed by surgery and pathology. All patients underwent CT and MRI examination before PET/CT examination ,then received operation. Results Eleven cases were solitary hepatic lesions ,10 of which were located in the right lobe of the liver ,and 1 in the left. The lesions were round or quasi-circular and the diameter ranged from about 13.5cm to about 1.8 cm,with an average of 5.7 cm. CT plain scanning showed that the liver was slightly lower density ,with clear boundary. The smaller lesions were homogeneous density,while the larger ones were not,and the lower density area was visible. Enhancement of peripheral lesions in the arterial phase was enhanced. The lesions in the portal vein were not uniformly enhanced , and visible separation was found in large lesions. In the delay phase ,the lesions were significantly decreased or slightly lower. MRI plain scan showed the lesion T1WI showed moderate signal or slightly low signal ,and large lesion signal was not uniform,and T2WI lesions showed slightly high signal while DWI lesions high signal and the enhanced features were similar to those of CT. PET/CT examination showed that visible radioactive uptake of abnormal concentration or uneven concentration were found in lesions with diameter larger than 3.0 cm,and the maximum SUV value ranged from 12.2 to 3.6,with an average value of 5.7. Lesions with diameter less than 3.0 cm showed a slight concentration of radioactive uptake and the highest SUV value was 4.7,with an average value of 2.9. The only 11.8 cm lesion showed no significant radioactivity ,which was as the same as that of normal liver tissue. Delayed PET/CT imaging(1 hour)showed that SUV values of all lesions were decreased in varying degrees. Conclusion PET/CT imaging of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of liver has its characteristics. The combina-tion of PET/CT imaging and routine imaging examination will benefit the improvement of diagnosis level obviously.

OBJECTIVETo determine the mechanism of pseudo-tears of the lateral meniscus caused by the transverse geniculate ligament (TL) and the miniscofemoral ligament(MFL) and to investigate a method to differentiate pseudo-tears from true tear of the lateral meniscus.

METHODSForm June 2012 to February 2014, MR examinations of 72 knees (44 left knees and 28 right knees) without tear of the lateral meniscus verified by arthroscopy were performed in the sagittal and coronal plane. There were 41 males and 31 females in the group, with an average age of 33.7 years old (ranged from 25 to 61). The MR appearance of the TL and the MFL was carefully observed.

RESULTSThere existed fatty tissue in the gap between the TL and the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus and its central tendinous attachment. On the sagittal images, the fatty tissue formed a linear high-signal cleft between the TL and the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. This might be mistaken as an oblique tear within the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. It was called as pseudo-tears of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. In sagittal plane, the MFL was identified as a circle-like or short stick-like area of low signal intensity anterior or posterior to the posterior cruciateligament. Nevertheless, a belt-shaped area of low signal intensity from the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to lateral facet of the medial femoral condyle was identified in the coronal plane. A linear area of high signal intensity between the MFL and the lateral meniscus was found in sagittal plane, which might be mistaken as an oblique tear within the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. It was called pseudo-tears of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. The occurrence rate of the TL was 34.7% (25/72). The prevaleribe of pseudo-tears of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus was 18 cases. The shape of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus was regular, and the course of the pseudo-tears cleft was oblique. The occurrence rate of the MFL was 73.6% (53/72), which included the anterior MFL 23.6% (17/72), the posterior MFL 70.8% (51/72) and the two ligaments coexisted 16.7% (12/72). The prevalence of pseudo-tears of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus was 25 cases. All observed pseudo-tears had either in posteroinferiorly oblique direction (19/25) or in vertical direction (6/25).

CONCLUSIONBased on the location and direction of pseudo-tears and observation in the continuous sagittal plane and the coronal plane, pseudo-tears is easily differentiated from the true tear of the lateral meniscus

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in the assessment of the invasion depth of rectal cancer, and analyze the value of TRUS in diagnosis of early rectal cancer.

METHODSTRUS was performed preoperatively in 163 patients with rectal cancer, and the results was compared with the postoperative pathological findings according to TNM staging. The early rectal cancer was diagnosed if the lesion was limited to mucosa and submucosa. The tumor located in mucosa was defined as mucosal cancer, while as submucosal cancer when the tumor invading into submucosa. Sixteen cases were confirmed as early cancer by pathology after the operation. No patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy before operation.

RESULTSThe sensitivity of TRUS in the staging of the early rectal cancer was 87.5% (14/16), specificity was 98.6% (145/147), and the positive predictive value was 87.5% (14/16). The sensitivity of TRUS in predicting mucosal and submucosal cancer was 85.7% (6/7) and 66.7% (6/9), respectively. Sixteen patients with early rectal cancer were examined before and after filling rectum with water. After filling rectum, all tumors were visualized clearly, while 14 tumors were correctly diagnosed as early rectal cancer. Before filling rectum, only 6 tumors were visualized clearly, and 3 tumors were staged correctly. The ultrasonographic appearance of early rectal cancer manifested in two kinds: protruded and ulcerative, and most were protruded (81.6%).

CONCLUSIONSTRUS is a valuable imaging examination for diagnosis of early rectal cancer preoperatively. Visualization rate and diagnostic accuracy of early rectal cancer are improved dramatically after filling rectum with water.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Early Diagnosis ; Endosonography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; diagnostic imaging ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Rectum ; diagnostic imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVEThis study investigated the serum levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) at different phases to explore the role of IL-5, LTB4 and CRP in the pathogenesis of HSP.

METHODSSerum levels of IL-5, LTB4 and CRP in 27 normal children and 31 children with HSP at the acute phase and the early recovery phase were detected using ELISA.

RESULTSThe serum levels of IL-5, LTB4 and CRP in children with HSP were 53.8 +/- 4.2 pg/mL, 95.3 +/- 12.0 pg/mL and 36.10 +/- 11.78 mg/L, respectively at the acute phase. The values were significantly decreased at the early recovery phase (37.8 +/- 3.9 pg/mL, 45.7 +/- 10.1 pg/mL, 18.35 +/- 6.43 mg/L; P < 0.01), but remained higher than those in normal controls (12.7 +/- 3.2 pg/mL, 17.6 +/- 5.7 pg/mL, 4.75 +/- 2.85 mg/L; P < 0.01). The serum levels of IL-5 and LTB4 positively correlated to the CRP level.

CONCLUSIONSThe serum levels of IL-5 and LTB4 in children with HSP increased during the acute phase and decreased at the early recovery phase, suggesting that IL-5 and LTB4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of HSP.

Adolescent ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-5 ; blood ; Leukotriene B4 ; blood ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; blood ; etiology

AIMTo investigate the effect of cilostazol on transient outward potassium current (I(to1) in isolated human atrial myocytes.

METHODSAtrial tissue samples were obtained from hearts of 15 patients ranging from 5 to 65 years of age (36.0 +/- 23.9 years). I(to1) was recorded by using the whole-cell patch clamp technique in enzymatically isolated atrial myocytes.

RESULTSCilostazol at 30 micromol/ L significantly decreased I(to1) at the test potential of +50 mV. The peak amplitude of I(to1) was decreased from (8.16 +/- 0.70) pA/pF to (4.84 +/- 0.60) pA/pF (P < 0.01). In addition, the drug inhibited the current in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 13.18 +/- 2.60 micromol/L). The significantly inhibitive effect was observed from the concentration of 1 micromol/L, and the maximal effect was 51.09% +/- 3.0% at 50 micromol/L. Furthermore, voltage-dependence of activation and inactivation, and time-dependent recovery from inactivation of I(to1) were not altered by cilostazol.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicates that cilostazol inhibits I(to1) in human atrial myocytes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Heart Atria ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels ; physiology ; Tetrazoles ; pharmacology ; Young Adult