Objective To clarify the human and animals brucellosis epidemic trends of ABa Prefectufe of Sichuan Province during 2000-2007,to strengthen the prevention and control and determine the strategy for its prevention and cure of brucellosis.Methods According to the National Surveillance of Brucella Document,serology[tube agglutination test(SAT)and plate agglutination test(PAT)]method was used to test the key people,SAT and rose Bengal plate test(RBPF)method to test the yaks and sheep in monitoring sites.Results There were 2 new human brucellosis during 2000-2007.Two thousand and eighty-eight human blood serum were detected.36 people were serohlogie positive,the detection rate was 1.72%(36/2088);the highest rate was in 2003.up to 2.65%(9/339).One hundred and eighty-two thousand,nine hundred and sixty-four cattle and sheep were quarantined.7368 were serologic positive,the detection rate was 4.03%(7368/182 964),4.16%(4844/116 356)for vak and 3.79%(2524/66 608)for sheep;the highest rate being 5.74%(195/3396)in 2001.Conclusions These general trends of human brucellosis is stable,while animals brucellosis has increased in ABa prefecture during 2000-2007.Effective prevention and cure should be adopted to prevent its outbreak.

Objective To investigate clinical features of lower motor neuron lesion (LMNL) caused by the single level lower thoracic disc protrusion (LTDP),and to observe clinical outcomes of surgical treatment.Methods Between January 1997 and December 2009,17 patients with LMNL caused by single level LTDP underwent en bloc resection of the superior articular process,Cave-in 360° circumferential decompression and internal fixation in our hospital.MRI and CT scans were taken to confirm lesion levels:T10-11 in 4 patients of whom 3 had patellar clonus and ankle clonus,T11-12 in 5 patients of whom 4 had ankle clonus,and T12L1 in 8 patients who only had positive Babinski sign.The neurologic status was assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system.The muscle strength of the tibialis anterior was assessed using the Manual Muscle Test (MMT).Sagittal Cobb angle and cross-sectional area of the dural sac at the level of maximal compression in MRI were also observed.Results All patients were followed up for 22 to 76 months (average,48.6 months).The mean JOA score increased from preoperative 5.88±1.11 to 9.53±0.94 at final follow-up (t=16.143,P＜0.05).The muscle strength of the tibialis anterior recovered to more than grade 4 in all patients.Postoperative Cobb angle was unchanged compared with that before operation.MRI indicated that the cross-sectional area of the dural sac at the level of maximum compression increased from preoperative 35.8±7.3 mm2 to postoperative 132.9±6.5 mm2 (t=70.78,P＜0.05).Conclusion LMNL can be caused by LTDP.The eu bloc resection of the superior articular process,Cave-in 360° circumferential decompression and internal fixation can provide a satisfactory decompression effect and marked recovery of neurological function.

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical curative effect of cake-separated moxibustion on impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and explore its action mechanism.

METHODSSixty cases were randomly divided into a simple lifestyle intervention group (control group) and a cake-separated moxibustion combined with lifestyle intervention group (observation group), 30 cases in each one. The control group was treated with lifestyle intervention. Based on lifestyle intervention, cake-separated moxibustion at Pishu (BL 20), Weishu (BL 21) and Yishu (EX-B 3) was applied to the observation group. Fast plasma glucose (FPG), two hours plasma glucose after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), homa insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), blood lipid, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were observed in the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the OGTT2hPG and FPG were both decreased significantly (both P<0.05) in the two groups, compared between the two groups, the differences of FPG [(0.41 +/- 0.42) mmol/L vs (0.05 +/- 0.08)mmol/L] and OGTT2hPG [(0.85 +/- 0.53)mmol/L vs (0.17 +/- 0.19)mmol/L] were both statistically significant. There were no significant changes in FINS, HOMA-IR, blood lipid, BMI and WC in the control group before and after treatment (all P>0.05), but FINS, HOMA-IR levels, triglycerides (TG), total cholest-erol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), BMI and WC in the observation group were decreased obviously after treatment (all P<0.05), which had statistical differences between the two groups (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe cake-separated moxibustion combined with lifestyle intervention can obviously control blood glucose levels, improve insulin resistance and blood lipid levels, decrease BMI and WC.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucose Intolerance ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Insulin ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Waist Circumference

BackgroundIron-containing foreign body trapped in the eyeball wall without affecting the opticus occurs occasionally in clinic. Operation always is performed in an attempt to avoid the deposition of rust in different tissues of the eye-balls. However,a few animal experimental studies showed that a small foreign body does not affect the retina and opticus in the period of three months. The question of whether surgery needs to be carried out is worth discussion. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of posterior intrascleral iron foreign body on the rabbit retina and opticus. MethodsTwelve healthy adult Japan flap-eared white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. Medium carbon iron with rust or without rust( size of 2. 0 mm × 1. 0 mm×0. 2 mm) were implanted into the posterior sclera of the left eye to create the animal model with iron foreign body in the eyeball wall. The cornea, anterior chamber, crystalline lens, vitreous and fundus of the rabbits were observed under a slit lamp microscope 1weekbeforeoperationand 1week, 2weeks, 1monthand 3months after operation.Flash electroretinogram(F-ERG) and flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) were recorded at the time points mentioned above. All the rabbits were sacrificed and the eye balls were extracted at the end of the experiment, and the position of the iron foreign body was determined. The histopathological examinations of the retina and opticus were performed under the light microscope. This experiment complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. ResultsThere were no statistical differences for the a-wave amplitude of F-ERG among different time points( F =1. 885,P =0. 129 ) and different treatment groups ( F =1. 188, P =0. 340 ), as with the ERG b-wave amplitude ( time: F =2. 73, P =0. 064 ; group : F =1. 114, P =0. 367). The differences in the latencies of F-VEP N1-wave were insignificant among the different time points( F =1. 605, P =0. 263 ) as well as various groups ( F=1. 556, P =0.314 ), and those of F-VEP P1 -wave were not evidently changed ( time: F =2. 329, P =0. 092 ; group : F =2. 186, P =0. 103 ). No correlations were seen between the time factor and grouping factor ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). There was no apparent siderosis bulbi change during the follow-up duration. No morphological abnormality in the retina and optical nerve was found under the light microscope. At the end of the experiment,intrascleral iron foreign body was wrapped by surrounding tissue in a stable condition. Conclusions The small posterior intrascleral iron foreign body, whether it is oxidized or not, does not produce distinctive functional or pathological damage on retina and opticus in the short term.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of the laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Then define the characteristics of the learning curve of this procedure. Methods A prospectively collected database comprising all medical records of the first 79 consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy performed by one surgeon was studied. The patients were divided into seven groups (13 cases in last group) by operative sequence. Data on patients' demographics, clinical and outcome variables including operative duration, conversion to open surgery, complications, and length of hospital stay were analyzed. The learning curve for the laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was established through the moving average and ANOVA methods. Results Comparing the early with the late experiences (33 v. 46 cases), the surgeon-specific outcomes significantly improved in terms of operating times [(292.7 ± 29.8) vs (215.3 ± 10.2) min, P < 0.05], There was four patients converted to open surgery in the early of experiences.the late experiences was five case, it was no statistical significance. significant differences were not shown in the hospitalization period and infectivity complications. Conclusion Operative duration can be reduced with increasing experience of laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, In this study, the learning curve for a laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was about thirty-three cases.

Objective To observe the effects of comprehensive measures of changing grain,selenium supplementation,off-site education and resettlement on prevention of children's Kashin-Beck disease in Aba state.Methods Fifty eight villages in Aba Kashin-Beck disease areas were chosen as intervention points in Aba state Sichuan province from 2007 to 2011.Based on the implementation of prevention and control measures,the villages were divided into off-site education + changing grain + selenium supplementation group and resettlement + off-site education + changing grain + selenium supplementation group,Geletuo town of Seda county,Ganzi state was selected as a control point,and right-hand anteroposterior X-ray examination(including the wrist) was carried out on children aged 6-13 from 2007 to 2011 annually.Clinical and X-ray diagnosis of Kashin-Beck disease was made in accordance with the Diagnostic Criteria of Kaschin-Beck Disease(GB 16003-1995).The effects of prevention and control measures were evaluated by comparing the child X-ray detection rate before and after the implementation of the measures.Results The average X-ray positive detectable rate of children in the intervention points was 2.07％(66/3181),2.72％ (69/2540),1.16％ (35/3017),0.56％ (19/3397) and 0.56％ (24/4273),respectively from 2007 to 2011,with a downward trend (x2trend =66.74,P ＜ 0.01).There was a downward trend in the average X-ray positive detectable rate of children in off-site education + changing grain + selenium supplementation group [1.60％(29/1809),2.63％ (39/1484),1.29％ (25/1941),0.64％ (15/2332),0.42％ (10/2379)] and resettlement + off-site education + changing grain + selenium supplementation group [2.70％ (37/1372),2.84％ (30/1056),0.93％(10/1076),0.38％ (4/1065),0.74％(14/1894)] (x2trend=30.97,35.19,all P ＜ 0.01).The average X-ray positive detectable rate of children in the intervention group was 0 from 2007 to 2010,and was 1.61％ (1/62) in 2011.The difference of X-ray positive detectable rate was not statistically significant in the control group in the 5 years from 2007 to 2011.The difference of children's X-ray positive detectable rate was not statistically significant between control group and intervention group.Conclusions The effect of taking changing grain,selenium supplementation,off-site education and resettlement comprehensive measures to prevent children's Kashin-Beck disease is not significant in those places where the state of Kaschin-Beck disease is not active.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of different fluid resuscitation strategies on superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the lung tissue in pregnant rabbits with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.

METHODSThirty pregnant New Zealand rabbits were randomized into 5 equal groups, namely the sham shock.(SS) group, shock group without interventions (SH group), and hemorrhagic shock groups with conventional normal saline (NS) resuscitation, NS hypotensive resuscitation, and hypertonic hyperosmotic hypotensive resuscitation (NS, NH, HHH groups, respectively) 30 min after the shock. At the end of the experiment, the rabbits were sacrificed, and the lungs were taken for detection of MDA, MPO and SOD levels.

RESULTSIschemia-reperfusion injury of the lungs in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock resulted in decreased SOD and increased MDA and MPO contents. The MDA and MPO contents in HHH group were significantly lower than those in NH group, and both the groups, MDA and MPO contents were significantly lower than those of NS group (P<0.05). SOD activity was significantly higher in HHH group than in NH group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn pregnant rabbits with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, hypotensive resuscitation more effectively ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion injuries in the lungs than aggressive fluid resuscitation, and hyperosmotic crystalloid and hyperonoctic colloid resuscitation provide significant protective effects against such injuries.

Animals ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; methods ; Hypertonic Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Hypotonic Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Lung ; blood supply ; enzymology ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; therapy ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Resuscitation ; methods ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; complications ; therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy on primary osteoporosis treated with spreading moxibustion for warming yang and activating blood circulation so as to provide the effective clinical therapeutic methods for osteoporosis.

METHODSSixty cases of primary osteoporosis were randomized into a spreading moxibustion group (30 cases) and a calcium tablet group (30 cases). In the calcium tablet group, caltrate was prescribed for oral administration, 600 mg per day. In the spreading moxibustion group, on the basis of the treatment as the calcium tablet group, the spreading moxibustion was applied at Dazhui (GV 14) to Yaoshu (GV 2) for warming yang and activating blood circulation. The duration of treatment was 12 weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score, TCM clinical symptom score and bone mineral density (BMD) were observed and compared before and after treatment in the patients between the two groups.

RESULTSVAS scores were reduced apparently after treatment in the two groups (both P < 0.01) and the results in the spreading moxibustion group were obviously superior to that in the calcium tablet group (2.36 +/- 0.43 vs 4.52 +/- 0.35, P < 0.01). BMD were all increased in the two groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and the results in the spreading moxibustion group were superior to those in the calcium tablet group (both P < 0.05). The total clinical effective rate was 86.67% (26/30) in the spreading moxibustion group, apparently better than 63.33% (19/30) in the calcium tablet group (P < 0.05). TCM clinical symptom scores after treatment were all reduced apparently in the two groups (both P < 0.01), and the result in the spreading moxibustion group was obviously superior to that in the calcium tablet group (4.72 +/- 1.90 vs 6.82 +/- 2.30, P < 0.01). The total effective rate of TCM symptoms was 93.33% (28/30) in the spreading moxibustion group, apparently better than 70.00% (21/30) in the calcium tablet group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of spreading moxibustion for warming yang and activating blood circulation and the oral administration of caltrate apparently relieves pain and TCM clinical symptoms, improves BMD in the patients of osteoporosis and achieves definite clinical efficacy in the patients of osteoporosis.

Aged ; Blood Circulation ; Bone Density ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Osteoporosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Yang Deficiency ; physiopathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: In order to establish a objective method of analysis in the case of sulfured hydrogen poison. METHODS: The sulfured hemoglobin of the biomaterials(blood) were investigated by the spectrophotometry. RESULTS: Results showed that sulfured hemoglobin had a specific absorbance peak at 612 nm, it is a linear relationship about the absorbancity to the concentration of sulfured hemoglobin. CONCLUSION It is possible to mark the poison degree by the spectrophotometery.
Animals ; Forensic Medicine ; Hemoglobins/analysis* ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide/poisoning* ; Postmortem Changes ; Rabbits ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

BACKGROUNDEpidural lidocaine can be used when regional anesthesia needs to be established quickly, but the effect of co-administering epidural fentanyl on the minimum local analgesic concentration (MLAC) of lidocaine is not known. We compared the MLAC of epidural lidocaine in combination with different doses of fentanyl for epidural anesthesia in adults.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients requiring epidural analgesia were randomly allocated to receive 20 ml of one of four solutions: lidocaine, or lidocaine plus fentanyl 1 µg/ml, 2 µg/ml, or 3 µg/ml. The first patient in each group was administered 1% lidocaine weight by volume; subsequent patients received a concentration determined by the response of the previous patient to a higher or lower concentration according to up and down sequential allocation in 0.1% increments. Efficacy was assessed using a visual analog pain scale, and accepted if this was = 10 mm on a 100 mm scale within 30 minutes. The extent of motor block and of nausea and vomiting were recorded at 30 minutes after administration of the epidural solution and two hours after surgery, respectively.

RESULTSThe MLAC of lidocaine in those receiving lidocaine alone was 0.785% (95%CI 0.738 - 0.864). A significant dose-dependent reduction was observed with the addition of fentanyl: the MLAC of lidocaine with fentanyl at 2 µg/ml was 0.596% (95%CI 0.537 - 0.660) and 0.387% with fentanyl at 3 µg/ml (95%CI 0.329 - 0.446, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONEpidural fentanyl significantly reduces the dose of lidocaine required for effective epidural analgesia in adults without causing adverse side effects.

Adult ; Analgesia, Epidural ; methods ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Fistula ; surgery ; Hemorrhoidectomy ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; surgery