Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Globus Pallidus ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; complications ; genetics ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Four triterpenoids were isolated and purified from the 95% ethanol extract of Maytenus guangxiensis by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI column chromatography and preparative RP-HPLC. Their structures were determined from their physicochemical properties and spectral data. They were identified as maytguanone A (1), maytguanone B (2), 11α-methoxyurs-12-ene-1β,3β-diol (3), lup-20(29)-ene-3β,11α-diol (4). Compounds 1 and 2 are new triterpenoids, along with compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from M. guangxiensis for the first time. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 3 and 4 was evaluated using the MTT procedure with three cancer cell lines. The results show that compound 3 displayed good inhibitory effects against HeLa, with an IC₅₀ of 10.68 μmol·L^-1.

Objective To investigate the three-dimensional structure of normal male canine prostat- ic duct and acinus system,and to study the mechanism of intraprostatic urinary reflux(IPUR)resulting from high pressure of the posterior urethra by experiment.Methods Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and corrosion casting methods,high pressure of the prostatic urethra was produced based upon IPUR in normal male canines.Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)casting solution was injected into 8 Beagle canines'normal prostates to induce intraprostatie resin solution reflux.Results Six casting molds of nor- real canine prostate specimens were obtained,and the casting failed in 2.By corrosion and casting treatment, the prostate appeared to consist of several glandular lobes.The columnar apophyses of glandular surface were observed.The most glandular ducts pointed outward from urethral peristome.Each glandular duct system was made up of many bifurcated branches from the bough as a duct tree.More than 90% of the bifurcations were Y-shaped,and 6 bifurcated branches were rarely seen.The tip of the duct was vesicular.The diameter and length of the bough were(0.37?0.14)mm and(1.14?0.04)mm,respectively.The intersectional angle of urethra and peripheral glandular duct was the biggest.Peripheral glandular duct was perpendicular or con- verse to urinary flow.Peripheral glandular aeinus appeared elliptic and velvet.The mesh-like and crater-like depressions were shown on the surface of central glandular aeinus.Ejaculatory ducts independently and branchlessly entered the urethra.Conclusions The resin corrosion casting methods combined with SEM can clearly show the three-dimensional structure of normal male canine prostatic duct and acinus system. IPUR may easily occur in the peripheral glands from the morphological view.It is suggested that prostatitis occurs more commonly in peripheral glands,confirming a fact that high pressure of the posterior urethra can induce IPUR.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the safety, medium-term and long-term efficacy of transradial percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main coronary artery lesions with 6 French guiding catheter.

METHODSSixty-one patients with unprotected left main coronary artery lesions were treated by 6 French transradial percutaneous coronary intervention between January 2008 and December 2009. The mean age of patients was (66.03 ±10.02)years (44-87). Among 61 cases, 40 had hypertension and 14 had diabetes mellitus; 22 had a history of smoking. The average left ventricle ejection fraction was (62.96 ±12.15)% (range: 28-86) and the average plasma creatinine level was (82.92 ±18.30)μmol/L (range: 44-130). The major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after the procedure were evaluated.

RESULTSProcedural success was achieved in all cases. A total of 67 stents were implanted. No in-hospital death occurred. Mean clinical follow-up period was (26.25 ±5.92) months (range: 19-44 months). MACE developed in 6 cases (9.8%) during the follow-up period, including 2 death (3.3%) and 4 case of target lesion revascularization (6.6%). Compared with low-risk group (SYNTAX score<33), MACE was increased in the high-risk group (SYNTAX score>32).

CONCLUSION6 French transradial percutaneous coronary intervention for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery lesions is safe and feasible procedure with desirable medium-and long-term outcomes.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Artery Disease ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; methods ; Radial Artery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the effect of a novel orthopedic biomaterial,graded composite zireonia(ZrO2)hydroxyapatite(HAP)on activity of rat osteoblast ceils(OB)cultured in vitro. Methods The pure zirconia material was used as control to measure surface roughness of the composite material that was examined by using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and X-ray diffraetometer (XRD).The rat osteoblast cells were cultured on the two materials.Alkali phosphatase(ALP)of the two groups was measured and ELISA was used to detect IL-6 and TGF-?eoncentration of the supematant of OB cells.Tumor growth factor-?(TGF-?)mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.SEM was used to observe OB cells on the two materials.The extract of the composite material was used for a eytotoxicity test to cal- culate the relative proliferation rate(RGR)and classify the toxicity.Results The surface roughness of the gradual composite materials was significantly higher than that of the control materials(P＜0.01). The ALP of the gradual material group was markedly higher than that of the control group at different in- tervals.There was significant difference of the IL-6 and TGF-?concentrations 2-4 days after culture be- tween two groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The mRNA level of TGF-?of the two OB groups also showed marked statistical difference(P＜0.01).The ossification of the OB cells on the composed material was marked after 14 days.The MTT color experiments showed no statistic significance between materials group and negative group,with the toxicity at levelⅠand 0(P＜0.05).Conclusion Graded composite ZrO2 HAP can significantly promote proliferation and differentiation of OB cells cultured in vitro and has good biocompatibility.

Animals ; Biofilms ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; metabolism ; Genes, Bacterial ; Yersinia pestis ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the morphological characteristics of sacral fracture under different impact loads.

METHODTen fresh pelvic specimens were loaded in dynamic or static state. A series of mechanical parameters including the pressure strain and velocity were recorded. Morphological characteristics were observed under scanning electron microscope.

RESULTSThe form of sacral fracture was related to the impact energy. Under low energy impact loads, ilium fracture, acetabulum fracture and crista iliaca fracture were found. Under high energy impact loads, three types of sacral fracture occurred according to the classification of Denis: sacral ala fracture, Type I fracture; sacral foramen cataclasm fracture, Type II fracture; central vertebral canal fracture, Type III fracture. Nerve injury of one or two sides was involved in all three types of sacral fracture. The fracture mechanism of sacrum between the dynamic impact and static compression was significantly different. When the impact energy was above 25 J, sacral foramen cataclasm fracture occurred, involving nerve root injury. When it was below 20 J, ilium and sacral fracture was most likely to occur. When it was 20 approximately 25 J, Type I fracture would occur. While in the static test, most of the fracture belonged to ilium or acetabulum fracture. The cross section of sacrum was crackly and the bone board of Haversian system was brittle, which could lead to separation of bone boards and malposition of a few of cross bone boards.

CONCLUSIONSIn dynamic state, sacrum fracture mostly belongs to Type I and Type II, and usually involves the nerve roots. Sacrum fracture is relevant to the microstructures, the distribution of the bone trabecula, the osseous lacuna and the Haversian system of sacrum. The fracture of ilium and acetabulum more frequently appears in static state, with slight wound of peripheral tissues.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Sacrum ; injuries ; pathology ; Spinal Fractures ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; injuries

AIM:To observe the effects of trimetazi- dine on myocardial ischemia and heart rate variability (HRV)in patients with non ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome(NSTEACS).METHODS:74 patients with NSTEACS were chosen and randomly assigned into two groups:one group was given conventional therapy with as- pirin,isosorbide mononitfate,fluvastatin and metoprolol, trimetazidine was added on the base of conventional thera- py in the other group.The total observation time of thera- py was 8 weeks.The heart rote,blood pressure,frequen- cy and persistence time of chest pain,numbers of times of using Nitroglycerin every day,the extent anti degree of myocardial isehemia,HRV of patients were observed be- fore and after treatment.RESULTS:The therapeutic ef- fect of trimetazidine treatment group(with the effective rate 94.4%,excellence rate 72.2%)was obviously bet- ter than that of the conventional treatment group(with the effective rate 65.8%,excellence rate 36.8%)(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and safety in treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions with 6F-guiding catheter by transradial approach.

METHODSClinical data of 1258 patients who were treated with 6F-guiding catheter by transradial approach from Oct. 2003 to Feb. 2007 were reviewed. The most common approach in the treatment of bifurcations was one-stent technique on the main branch; if the side branch was large enough and the lesion was involved in the ostium and proximal part of side branch, two-stent technique was used.

RESULTOf 295 bifurcation lesions, 204 were originally planed to be treated by one stent; but finally 2 side branches were provisional stented due to dissection in this group. Ninety-one cases were planed to use double-stent technique: 73 with crushing stent (46 step crushing, 24 modified balloon crushing, 3 reverse crushing), 5 with T-stent, 3 with Cullote-stent, 5 with modified V-stent, 5 with step kissing stent. There was no acute myocardial infarction or death occurred but 1 case was complicated with cardiac tamponade secondary from coronary perforation.

CONCLUSIONThe treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions with 6F-guiding catheter by transradial approach is a feasible and safe procedure.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; methods ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; therapy ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Radial Artery ; Stents

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on the morphology and function of the left cardiac ventricle in young rats with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rhGH in the treatment of DCM.

METHODSSixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally assigned to control group, DCM group, and rhGH group. Furazolidone (0.25 mg/g) was given by gavage for 12 weeks to prepare the DCM model. Rats in the rhGH group received an intraperitoneal injection of rhGH (0.15 U/kg) once per day for 12 weeks, while rats in the DCM group received an equal volume of normal saline instead. Rats in the control group did not receive any treatment. Cardiac indices, serum biochemical parameters, hemodynamic indices, cardiac histopathological changes, and levels of myocardial collagen fibrils in each group were determined using Doppler echocardiography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, multi-channel physiological recorder, light and electron microscopy, and picrosirius red staining plus polarization microscopy, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, rats in the DCM group had significantly increased cardiac chamber size, significantly reduced ventricular wall thickness, and significantly decreased fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.05). Rats in the rhGH group had significantly improved cardiac chamber size, ventricular wall thickness, FS, and EF compared with the DCM group (P<0.05). Those indices in the rhGH group were similar to those in the control group (P>0.05). There were significant differences in serum biochemical parameters and hemodynamic indices between the DCM and control groups (P<0.05). Compared with the DCM group, the rhGH group had significantly improved serum biochemical parameters and hemodynamic indices (P<0.05). Those indices in the rhGH group were similar to those in the control group (P>0.05), except for the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3. The DCM group had a significantly higher collagen type I/collagen type III (Col I/Col III) ratio in the myocardium than the control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the Col I/Col III ratio between the control and rhGH groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSrhGH plays a certain role in improvement in the morphology and function of the left cardiac ventricle in young rats with DCM.

Animals ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Collagen Type III ; analysis ; Echocardiography ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Human Growth Hormone ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Myocardium ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley