Surveillance colonoscopy after endoscopic resection of colorectal adenomas is a crucial step in colorectal cancer screening. After identifying the patients at risk,a tailored follow-up colonoscopy surveillance strategy should be formulated. The follow up colonoscopy time interval after endoscopic resection of colorectal adenomas should be scheduled on the basis of past history,family history,and results of initial high quality colonoscopy examination. By reviewing the American and European guidelines for surveillance after polypectomy,a follow-up colonoscopy time interval schedule matched with the risk stratification is suggested for discussion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hearing ; Humans ; Male ; Mastoid ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Tympanoplasty ; Young Adult

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; HeLa Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Oxides ; pharmacology

Objective To assess the effects of positions on circulation and neonatal during Caesarean section under epidural anaesthesia. Methods Eighty healthy parturients undergoing selective Caesarean section were randomly allocated in four groups with 20 cases each, who were positioned in supine (group S), left oblique 30 degress(group L), left oblique 15 degrees with 15 degrees Trendelenburg(group LT), or supine with 15 degrees Trendetenburg (group ST) position. MAP, HR,SpO_2 were recorded before and at 5 min, 10 min, 15 min during anesthesia. Apgar scores of 1-and 5-min were observed as well. Results MAP in groups of S, LT and ST was significantly lower at 10 min during anesthesia than that before or group L(P<0. 05) There was no significant difference in 1-and 5-min Apgar scores among four groups. Conclusion The left oblique 30 degrees position could effectively reduce the incidence of hypotension during Caesarean section under epidural anaesthesia

Diphosphonates ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Osteonecrosis ; chemically induced

Objective To investigate the role of transforming growth factor-?_1 (TGF-?_1)and hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)in the pathogenesis of early renal impairment in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods The serum levels of TGF-?_1 and HGF of 44 patients with CHB and 20 healthy people were measured by specific-ELISA,and the urine levels of ?_1-microglobulin (?_1-MG)and microalbumin (mALB)were tested by RIA.Results The serum levels of TGF-?_1 and HGF in the patients with CHB were significantly higher than those in the control (P

Purpose Glioblastoma and metastasis are the common and aggressive type of brain tumors in adults,and a definitive diagnosis has an important guiding significance to the clinical practice.Our purpose is to investigate the value of post contrast-enhanced T1WI-based histogram analysis in the differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis.Materials and Methods Sixty-eight consecutive patients with glioblastoma or solitary metastasis confirmed pathologically or surgically at Meizhou People's Hospital between January 2012 and November 2015 were included in the study.Glioblastoma was diagnosed in 34 patients and solitary brain metastasis was diagnosed in the rest 34 patients.All patients had undergone routine brain MR examination before surgical resection and the imaging data were retrospectively analyzed.The ROIs were manually placed in enhanced solid parts of the tumors on the maximal cross-sectional post contrasted-enhanced T1WI by Image J.Then the mean,standard deviation (SD),minimum,maximum,skewness and kurtosis were calculated respectively.Results Kurtosis of post contrast-enhanced T1WI of metastasis (1.260 ± 1.271) was statistically higher than that of glioblastoma (0.071 ± 0.667)(P＜0.05).When the optimal threshold criterion ofkurtosis was set at 0.736,the areas under ROC curve of kurtosis was 0.792 (95％ CI:0.676-0.881),and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value at the optimum cutoff value were 76.47％,88.24％,80.65％,78.38％,respectively.Conclusion Kurtosis of post contrastenhanced T 1 WI-based histogram is valuable in differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and brain metastasis,and thus provides reliable and objective basis for differentiating the two kinds of tumors.

Objective To study the change of activity and toxicity of superoxide (O - 2 ) produced in polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMNLs) during ischemia reperfusion cerebral injury.Methods The rats were administrated by both PMA (an activator of single transduction of O - 2 produced in alkaline phosphatase(ALPase) positive granules of PMNLs) and the inhibitor BCA respectively; the model of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion was made by suture cleat mothod,the activity changes of both myeloperoxidease (MPO) and O - 2 were measured at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168h reperfusion following ischemia 1h, and the pathological ultrastructural changes were observed. Results The MPO activity of both PAM group and BCA group reached the peaks at 24h after reperfusion; however,there were no remarkable differences in MPO activity between these two groups in the same time point. The O - 2 activity in the PAM group was significantly higher than those in the BCA group. The O - 2 activity reached the peak at 72h of ischemia reperfusion. In the same experimental time point, the pathological changes of the ultrastructure in ischemic reperfusive injury brain of the PAM group were much more serious than the those of the BCA group, which showed obviously the neurons edema, the abnormal structures of nerve felt and synapse in the ischemia reperfusion injured brain.Conclusion The increase of brain O - 2 activity from PMNLs during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury was direct ratio to the degree of cerebral injury. BCA might depress the activity and the toxicity of the O - 2.

Objective To introduce the donor heart preservation techniques and study the clini- cal results in 26 patients undergoing orthotopic heart transplantations with long donor ischemia time (DIT) in our center.Methods From Sept.2004 to Aug.2006,26 patients underwent orthotopic heart transplantation at our center with DIT longer than 360 min.Crystalloid cardioplegia was infused through aortic root after aorta was cross clamped.UW solution was used when donor heart was removed.All patients underwent bicaval anastomotic cardiac transplantation.NO was inhaled through ventilator during and after operation in patients with pulmonary hypertension.Results DIT was 360- 560 (mean 401?43) min.There was no operative death in this group.Echocardiography and X-ray examinations in one month were normal.One case of abnormal coronary orifice was subjected to re- anastomosis of aorta.One case of renal failure post-operation was subjected to blood dialysis.Conclu- sion With proper donor heart procurement and preservation,recipient selection,anastomotic technique,efficient postoperative surveillance and pulmonary hypertension treatment,transplanted patients with long DIT can obtain the satisfactory short-term outcome.