Rapid development of personalized medicine in cancer treatments needs urgent support of proper tumor biomarkers.Comparing to tissue tests,serum/plasma tumor biomarkers show advantages in easy sample collection and flexibility of detecting methods.Nowadays,large scales of investigations have discovered sufficient blood tumor biomarkers for preclinical diagnosis and evaluation of clinical treatment or prognosis,with the development of screening techniques and strategies.Moreover,tremendous promotion would appear in cancer diagnosis and treatment with future profound investigation and rigorous verification from clinical practice.

Objective To study the effect of laparoscopic surgery on the quality of life in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.Methods 108 cases with middle and low rectal cancer in accordance with the number table,were randomly divided into two groups.54 patients in the observation group were operated through laparoscopic surgery and 54 patients in the control group received traditional open surgery.The patients were followed up for 6 months,the patients' quality of life were assesed.Results The operative time,blood loss and length of hospital stay in the observation group were less than the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The lymph node dissection between the two groups had no significant difference(P ＞0.05).47 patients in the observation group were rectal sphincter preservation,the rate was 87.0％,37 patients in the control group with rectal sphincter preservation,the rate was 68.5 ％,the difference between the two groups was significant (x2 =4.92,P ＜ 0.05).The patients'quality of life after surgery in two groups was increased than before surgery,and the observation group increased more significantly than the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery can significantly improve the quality of life in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.

As a new identified help T cell lineage different from Th1 and Th2 cells, Th17 cell has been found played important roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and inflammatory disease. To further identify their roles, the differentiation and regulation of Th17 cells has been widely explored recently. Now it has been confirmed that TGF-beta, combined with IL-6 or IL-21, play critical roles in the differentiation of Th17 cells. While IL-23 mainly contribute in promoting the secretion of IL-17 and maintaining the function of Th17 cells. Corresponding with the Th1,Th2, and Treg cells, which has special transcription factors T-bet、GATA3、Foxp3 respectively, now it has been confirmed that ROR-?t(retinoid-related orphan receptors-?t) is the special transcription factor which specially regulate the differentiation of Th17 cells. Th17 cells function through their secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-6, TNF-?. Among them IL-21,which act as a autocrine cytokine of Th17 cells, play critical roles in promoting the differentiation of Th17 cells while inhibiting the differentiation and function of Th1 and Treg cells. On the other hand, IL-2, which is obligatory for the growth of Th1,Th2,Treg and CD8+T cells, now has been found negatively regulate the differentiation of Th17 cells. In all, differentiation of Th17 and Treg,Th1 cells are exactly regulated in vivo, in which TGF-beta played critical roles. As both Th1 and Th17 cells participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases, are they play synergistic roles or function at different time point or location? How TGF-? regulate Th17 and Treg cells?Can Th17 cells be used as a target for immune tolerance induction? All above questions will certainly be of continuing interest.

Accidents, Occupational ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poisoning ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

Based on the pathogenic mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration (AMD),tremendous preclinical and clinical trials have demonstrated that cell transplantation which aim to replace impaired retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with healthy RPE cells is a promising approach to treat AMD.So far,choices of cell sources mainly are autologous RPE,iris pigment epithelium,fetal RPE,human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE,and some of them are undergoing clinical researches.Grafting manners in cell-based therapies are various including RPE sheet or RPE-choroid complex transplantation,RPE cell suspension injection,and RPE sheet transplantation with scaffolds.This review is limited to cell-based therapies for RPE that damaged first in the progress of AMD and focus on recent advances in cell sources,transplantation methods,preclinical and clinical trials,and the obstacles that must be overcome.

Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a multistep pathophysiological process involving a complex of multi-factors.To alleviate the IRI is of great importance in clinical liver transplantation,especially for marginal donor livers.This article overviewed the protective strategies and the latest progress for alleviation of IRI in three stages of liver transplantation,which includes liver procurement,preservation and reperfusion.

For identifying the molecules that trigger NK cell activation and investigating the mechanism by which the identified molecule mediates NK cell signal transduction, NK cells was stimulated with mAbs specific for a series of adhesion molecules their ligands and transfectants. IFN-gamma production by NK cells was quantitated. We first report here that crosslinking of CD45 specifically stimulates INF-gamma production in NK cells, and such effect was independent of CD16. NK cells gradually lose expression of CD45RA upon culture with IL-2 and concomitantly acquire the expression of CD45RO. CD45RO, rather than CD45RA, play stimulating roles in INF-gamma production in NK cells. Whereas NK cells bound to CD22? and CD22? transfectants, this interaction was not able to stimulate NK cells to secrete IFN - gamma. Our observation suggests that CD45 crosslinking, as an independent and unique stimuli, mediates NK cell signaling.

Objective To evaluate the postoperative complications and visual quality after manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) versus phacoemulsification (PHACO).Methods A systematic review of MSICS and PHACO was conducted by a computer search on Medline,Pubmed,CBM and CNKI and a supplementary manual search was also done.The effect was measured as an odds ratio (OR) and weighted mean difference (WMD).RevMan 5.0 software was used to perform the Meta-analysis.Results A total of 9 articles were included in the Meta-analysis.Naked visual acuity at 1 week after surgery (OR =0.93,95％ CI 0.68-1.27),posterior capsular ruptured after surgery (OR =1.07,95％ CI 0.73-1.58),corneal edema after surgery (OR =0.90,95 ％ CI 0.70-1.16),surgically induced astigmatism at 1 month after surgery (WMD =0.08,95％ CI-0.02-0.17) in MSICS and PHACO was no statistically significant difference (P ＞0.05).Conclusion MSICS is safe and reliable surgery as same as PHACO for the patients with cataract,MSICS is more consistent with China' s national conditions.

Objective To study the clinical applied value of computed tomography perfusion imaging(CTPI) in early stage of ischemic stroke.Methods Routine CT scan and CTPI were performed in 45 patients with early stage of ischemic stroke(onset within 24 hours).CTPI yields a set of perfusion related parameters of relatine cerebral blood flow(rCBF), cerebral blood volume(rCBV),mean transmit time(rMTT),time to peak(rTTP) and positive enhancement integral (rPE).Results In all 45 patients,21 cases showed concerning lesions in the 29 cases with cerebral ischemia results of routine CT scan.16 cases presented normal results. 24 cases were not showed concerning lesions.The sensitivity of diagnose for early stage of ischemic stroke by CT was 46.67% (21/45).The specificity was 72.41% (21/29).44 cases of CTPI with abnormal perfusion changes were all showed concerning lesions. Only one case of CTPI presented negative result,which was acute brainstem infarction confirmed by follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The sensitivity of diagnose for early stage of ischemic stroke by CTPI was 97.78% (44/45).The specificity was 100% (44/44).There was significant difference between CTPI and routine CT scan(P

1.5). The mean intakes of riboflavin were 1.05 mg/day in the 2nd trimester and 1.03 mg/day in 3rd. The correlation of BGRAC value and riboflavin intake (riboflavin per day, ridoflavin per 1000 kcal/day) demonstrated a significant negative correlation. The cord blood BGRAC values were in normal range, indicating that placenta may transport riboflavin from mother to fetus actively. The mean riboflavin content of colostrum was 22.9ug/dl.