Objective To investigate the influence of Zafirlukast on the inflammatory factors and immune function of patients with seasonal allergic asthma.Methods 182 patients with seasonal allergic asthma from the department of respiratory in our hospital were selected and divided into two groups, 91 cases in each group.The control group treated with budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation, the experiment group received Zafirlukast on the basis of the control group,serum levels of inflammatory cytokines,peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets,serum immunoglobulin levels, lung function,and the clinical effect were compared after the treatment.Results Compared with the control group, serum levels of TNF-,IL-4,IL-6 were lower, level of IL-10 was higher in the experiment group after treatment, CD8 +T lymphocyte levels was lower, CD3 +, CD4 +T lymphocyte and CD4 +/CD8 +ratio levels were higher after treatment, serum levels of IgE, IgG, IgA were lower after treatment, levels of PEF,FEV1 ,FEV1/FVC were higher after treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The effective rate in the experiment group 94.51% was higher than the control group 81.32% (P<0.05).Conclusion Zafirlukast can significantly reduce the levels of serum inflammatory factors in patients with seasonal allergic asthma, improve the cellular immune function, reduce the level of immunoglobulin, effectively improve lung function, shorten the length of hospital stay, has better clinical curative effect.

Although there are numerous case resource,there still exist a relatively long distance in clinical research in China in comparison with developing countries because of inadequate recognition and funding,which has greatly affected the development of standardization of clinical medical in China for the past few decades.With the deepening of recognition and increasing of special support to clinical medical research in China,the development based on clinic research will face new opportunities.As a result,it is necessary for ophthalmologists to explore clinical issues,leverage from the mega trend of clinical research and deliver high-quality results.To achieve this goal,ophthalmologists will have to constantly update their knowledge base,standardize clinical practice and improve diagnosis methods.So far,challenges persist in clinical research in ophthalmology as follows:It is difficult to get funding for clinical research project;It is difficult to get ethnics approval for clinical research project;The research design for forward-looking projects is yet to be standardized;Cross-disciplinary collaboration needs to be enhanced.This review was expected to inspire more attention from clinical research specialists and consequently more highquality clinical studies.

Objective To investigate the role of platelet-derived growth factor-β receptor (PDGFR-β) in self-renewal of neural stem cells (NSCs).Methods In this study,NSCs of subventricular zone were isolated and cultured from PDGFR-β knockout (PDGFR-β-/-) mice of postnatal day 1 (P1) and P28;the number and diameters of secondary neurospheres were calculated;using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay,cell proliferation and survival rates were analyzed;gene expression profiles were determined by PCR-array analyses;the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on secondary neurospheres formation was examined in these cells.Results In PDGFR-β-/-NSCs,stem cell activities,such as number (/well;P1:25.9±1.3vs117.6±3.6,t=4.236,P＜0.01;P28:13.8± 0.7vs 19.8±0.6,t=2.116,P＜0.01)and diameters (μm;P1:67.7±1.9 vs 69.1 ±2.0,t=3.211,P＜0.01;P28:33.4±0.8vs37.8±0.8,t=2.354,P ＜0.01) of secondary neurospheres,cell proliferation (％;P1:73.3 ± 2.7 vs 88.7 ± 3.6,t =2.773,P ＜ 0.05;P28:28.6 ± 9.6 vs 68.2 ± 4.5,t =6.302,P ＜ 0.05) and survival rates (％;P1:14.5 ±2.1 vs 9.3 ± 1.3,t =7.222,P ＜ 0.05),were significantly lower as compared with age-matched controls.In comparison of the same genotypic NSCs,the decrease of secondary neurosphere formation was more striking in P28 NSCs than in P1 NSCs.PCR Array analyses demonstrated that expressions of fibroblast growth factor2 and BDNF were decreased (-2.04 ± 0.25,t =2.653,P ＜ 0.05;-3.24 ± 0.37,t =1.324,P ＜ 0.05),and Noggin (2.31 ± 0.37,t =2.749,P ＜ 0.05) was increased in P1 PDGFR-β-/-NSCs as compared with P1 controls.Addition of BDNF rescued the number and diameter of secondary neurospheres in P1 PDGFR-β-/-NSCs to similar levels as controls.Conclusions PDGFR-β signaling may play a role in the selfrenewal and proliferation of NSCs.BDNF may be involved in the effects of PDGFR-β signaling in these cells.

The non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation(NPPV) play an important role in treating patient with upper airway obstructive diseases.The use of NPPV in children has significantly increased in recent years internationally.Nevertheless,the paediatric NPPV support in China was less reported.This review aimed to clarify the indications,efficacy and technical methods in NPPV,and therefore searched papers including clinical studies,reviews and guidelines focusing on children with upper airway obstructive diseases who were treated on NPPV.The review concluded that NPPV is a treatment choice for patient who has upper airway obstruction and can not be solved by surgery.The NPPV avoids the impairment to the body caused by recurrent hypoxemia and arousals,decreases the rate of intubation and improves the quality of life.NPPV need to be preformed in a professional children's medical center.Education and training for the parent is the key point of improving treatment compliance.

Objective To construct interpretation theory which is suitable to explain the connotation of interpersonal relationship among associate degree nursing students.Methods The data were collected through deep interviews.The content of interpersonal relationship was affirmed by three-level coding and comparing repeatedly.Results The core concept was gaining a feeling of belonging and it could be affected by 5 generic concepts including clinical teachers,head nurses,baccalaureate degree nursing students,patients and doctors.Conclusions Harmonious interpersonal relationship can be built according to the theory of interpretation and practice outcomes can be improved.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound and CT in the diagnosis of adrenal lesions .Methods A total of 70 pa‐tients of adrenal lesions were examined by ultrasound combined with CT .Pathologically confirmed 55 cases of adrenal tumors and 2 of cysts ,13 of hematoma with follow‐up .The results were analyzed and compared with ultrasound or CT individual inspection .Re‐sults The diagnosis accuracy of adrenal lesions by ultrasound with CT ,only ultrasound and CT ,were 88 .6% ,62 .8% and 72 .9% , 14 pheochromocytoma ,13 myelolipoma ,including 15 adenoma ,5 cortical carcinoma ,2 NHL ,6 metastalic tumor ,2 cysts ,13 hemato‐ma .There was a significant difference between two methods (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The combination of ultrasound and CT could improve accuracy greatly in diagnosis of adrenal lesions .

Objective To observe the influence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on the expression of phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (pSTAT 3) in rat retinal MOiler cells. Methods For in vitro study cultured Mailer cells were treated with IL-1β of different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 ng/ml) for 24 hours. For in vivo study, 32 Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 4 groups randomly (control group, 100,500 and 1000 ng/ml group) with 8 rats in each group. After 24 hours of injection with phosphate buffered solution (PBS), or 100, 500, 1000 ng/ml IL-1β into the vitreous treated retinas were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence and western blotting. Results After 24 hours of incubation without IL-1β, pSTAT3 has little expression in cultured Muller cells, but was up-regulated by 1 ng/ml or higher IL-1β in a dosage-dependent manner (F=46.64, 43.78; P<0.01). pSTAT3 was not expressed in adult rat retina, but was up-regulated by vitreous injection of 100 ng/ml or higher IL-1β in a dosage-dependent manner (F=73.53, 43.70; P<0.01). pSTAT3 expressed mainly in inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Double-labeling showed that there was no co-staining of pSTAT3 and glial fibrillary treated with IL-1β. Conclusions Expression of pSTAT3 in MUller cells could be activated by IL-1β which may represent one pathway link to reactive gliosis.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with early mortality of the rapid two-stage arerial switch operation, which has a significantly higher overall mortality than that of ASO procedure for D-TGA with a intact ventricular septun. Methods The data we reviewed involving patients who underwent rapid two-stage switch operations from September,2002 to September, 2007 in our center, 13 patients were male and 8 were female, their age at operation ranged from 29 to 250 days afer birth, and the body weight was 3.5 to 7 kg. Chi-squared test and multivariant logistic regression methods were used for the analysis of demographic data, pre-diagnosis information, operation data, interval data combined with the operation time,left ventricle training condition, and the early post-operative outcomes. Results The operative mortality was high at initial stage, and then decreased gradually. The logistic multivariant regression analysis indicated that the mortality of left ventricular training operation was associated with the diameters of BT shunt ( P =0.003 ); the mortality of two-stage switch was associated with feminie ( P = 0.006 ) and pre-operative p. LV/RV ( P ＜ 0.001 ). Conclusion Patients with transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum who missed the optimal time for switch operation should receive rapid two-stage switch operations, which provide an opportunity for the correction of the deformity. The key factor associated with the success for operation was good in heart function after left ventricular training.

Based on the demand analysis,the paper designs and develops the direct network report system for the comprehensive statistical management platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and introduces the specific implementation and application of the system.This direct report system conforms to the work requirements of TCM statistics,optimizes the process of data reporting,has complete functions and enhances the work efficiency of statistical departments.

Objective To provide anatomical basis for one-stage full dynamic correction of late facial palsy with double latissimus dorsi segmental muscle flaps.MethodsForty sides of formaldehyde fixed latissimus dorsi in twenty cadavers were selected to microsurgery anatomy,three sides fresh latissimus dorsi specimens were blood vessel casted.The extramusclar and intramuscular neurovascular distribution were observed.Results①In 92.5%of the thoracodorsal nerve divides into a medial and a lateral branch be fore entering the muscle.In 7.5%of the thoracodorsal nerve divides into three major branches.The coordinate of the bifurcation point of the thoracodorsal Here was[(7.94±1.23)cm,(3.71±1.68)cm].In the district of this angle's middle line,the numbers of vessels and nerves is relative few.②The lateral muscle flaps of the latissimus dorsi can be divided into 3-5 independent segmental flaps,the medial muscle flaps of the latissimus dorsi Can be divided into 2-4 independent segmental flaps.③The segmental nerve usually locate the two sides of vessel,which are arranged(from medial to lateral)in a NVAV order in the reedial segmental branches(100%),in a VAVN order in the lateral segmental branches(85.0%)and in a NVAV order in the lateral segmental branches(15.0%).④The neural pedicle Was cut from the lateral bifurcation point,the mean length of the third medial muscle neural pedicle was 16 cm；the mean length of the third or the forth lateral muscle neural pedicle was 12 cm.Conclusion Late facial palsy can be cuwd with onestage cross-facial transplantation of neurovascularized free double latissimus dorsi segmental muscle flaps.