Objective To investigate the effect of cognition training on the recovery of balance after stroke. Methods forty-five hemiplegic strokd patents with cognition deficit were revruited and sddigned into an experimental group and a control group according to the results of an assessment with Loewenstein's Occupational Therapy Cognition Assessment battery (LOTCA). The patients in the two groups folloled routine systmatic rehabilitation programs. The patients in the (LOTCA). The patients in the two groups followed routine systmatic rehabilitation programs.The patiena in the experimental group received pertinent cognition training 5 days/week for 6 weeks. LOTCA,Brunel's Balance Assessment (BBA), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Brunnatrom functional categories were enployed to evaluate the patients before and after treatment with regard to their cognition, balance control and motor function in their lower limbs. Results After treatment, there were statistically significant differences between preand post-treatment BBA and BBS scores in all groups. Average BBA, BBS and LOTCA scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group. The improvements in BBS, BBA and LOTCA scores in the experimental grou were significantly greater than in control group. Conclusion Cognition treatment can contribute significantly to improving balance and postural control among stroke survivors.

OBJECTIVE： To confirm the efficacy and safety of latanoprost in treating glaucoma.METHODS： In a double blind， randomized control clinical trial， we compared the efficacy and adverse drug reactions of once daily topically applied 0.005％ latanoprost with those of twice daily 0.5％ timolol for 12 weeks in patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.RESULTS： The study included 46 patients（22 pts.randomized to latanoprost treatment， 24 pts.to timolol） ， 46 patients remained at the end of the study.Comparing with baseline diurnal intraocular pressure（IOP） ， the IOP reduction（mean±standard deviation） achieved with latanoprost（7.86±2.39） mmHg， （31.1％， P<0.001），and timolol（6.24±2.58）mmHg （24.9%，P<0.001），the difference between the two groups（1.62mmHg） being significant（P<0.01）. Two patients treated with latanoprost had foreign body sensation. No other ocular and systemic adverse reactions related to the two drugs were found. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that 0.005% latanoprost applied once daily is well tolerated and more effective in reducing IOP than 0.5% timolol applied twice daily. Thus, latanoprost has the potential for becoming one of the ideal antiglaucoma drugs.

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and behavior of medical staffs on foodborne diseases.Methods To investigate the knowledge,attitude and behavior of medical staffs on foodborne diseases by random sampling following the questionnaire.Results There were 332 medical workers attending the survey.The medical staffs were lack of knowledge for foodborne disease,percent of pass was 34.33％.The pass rate of attitude and behavior were 88.88％ and 98.19％.The knowledge score of medical staff of top three hospital (6.49± 2.18)were lower than the community health service center(7.04±2.26) (P＜0.05),but attitude and behavior score of this two staffs had not statistical differences(P＞0.05).Conclusion It is necessary to help medical staff to improve the attitude of foodborne diseases,and improve the monitoring of underreporting case.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of obstruction of central venous catheter(CVC)in the intensive care unit(ICU). Methods One hundred and thirty-three adult patients in ICU with CVC were included in the study. The difference of the position of catheters, duration of indwelling catheters,selection of sealing solution,blood platelet(PLT)count,prothrombin time(PT),international normalized ratio(INR),activated partial thromboplatin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT)and fibrinogen(FBG)were studied between two groups of patients(with and without the obstruction of CVC).Results In 117 cases,there were no catheter obstruction,accounting for 88.0%. Catheter obstruction occurred in 16 cases,accounting for 12.0%,10 cases of which the catheters were partially blocked,accounting for 7.5%and in 6 cases completely blocked,accounting for 4.5%.There were significant differences in the duration of indwelling catheters,PLT and FBG levels between the two groups of patients(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the position of catheters,selection of sealing solution and PT,INR,APTT,TT level between the groups(all P>0.05).Conclusion Prolonged time of indwelling CVC,high levels of PLT and clotting fibrinogen are the risk factors of the obstruction of CVC in ICU patients.

Background Corneal transplantation is a primary method for the treatment of serious corneal diseases, but its application is limited because of the shortage of corneal donor.The study on tissue engineering corneal epithelium provides a new approach to corneal transplantation, and the biological scaffold materials for tissue engineering corneal epithelium is an issue of increasing concern.Bacterial cellulose membrane has been used in medical field,but its application in tissue engineering corneal epithelium deserves more researching.Objective This study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose membrane as a biological scaffold of tissue engineering corneal epithelium.Methods Corneal epithelium was isolated from 1 month-old New Zealand White rabbit.Corneal epithelial cells were cultured using explant method and identified by detecting the CK-3 expression using immunofluorescence technique.The second generation ceils were inoculated on bacterial cellulose membrane and culture plate, respectively, and the growth status of the cells were examined and compared under the optical microscope.The cell activity/toxicity test was performed by LIVE/DEAD cell staining kit at the third day after inoculation to evaluate the survival rate.The ultrastructure of the cell surface was examined under the scanning electron microscope.The study was performed in accordance with the ARVO Statement.Results Rabbit corneal epithelial cells grew well 1 week after primarily cultured with a cobblestone-like appearance and positive response for CK3 antibody.The cells on the bacterial cellulose membrane presented a round shape and regular arrangement and showed the green fluorescence for LIVE/DEAD test,with the survival rate 100％.Abundant leafy protrusion, microvilli and intercellular junction were seen under the scanning electron microscope.In addition, mitosis phase of cells and many filopodia between the cells and bacterial cellulose membrane were also exhibited.Conclusions Rabbit corneal epithelial cells can grow well in bacterial cellulose membrane.Bacterial cellulose membrane has good biocompatibility, indicating that bacterial cellulose membrane can be used as new biological material for tissue engineering corneal epithelium.

This research was to investigate the relationship between functional independence and adap-tive behavior in children with cerebral palsy using FunctionaI Independence Measure for Children(WeeFIM)and the Chinese version of Children’s Adaptive Behavior Scale(CABS).18 children with cere-bral palsy were measured.12 were males and 6 were females.Age ranged from 3 to 12,and average agewas 5.9444(SD= 1.9242).Results showed that the dimensions of the motor subscale of WeeFLM werepositively correlated to the independence of CAI3s(r=0.5725～0.7146);the dimensions of cognitive sub-scale of WeeFIM were also positively correlated to three elements of CABS(r=0.531 0～0.7873).WeeFIM total scores were positively correlated to the developmental quotierit of CABS(r=0.7053).Thisresearch showed that functional independence and adaptive behavior in cerebral palsy children were related,because the ditnensions of WeeFIM were correlated to the elements of CABS.WeeFIM can,therefore,re-flect the functions of cerebral palsy children in quantitative scales.This research can provide a new measure-ment which can be applied to the functional evaluation in medical rehabilitation of cerebral palsy.

Objective To evaluate the damaged level of auditory processing and diagnose the type of language impairment in an auditory agnosia patient using Psycholinguistic Assessment in Chinese Aphasia (PACA), and predict the outcome of the language function. Methods A patient with a bilateral damage involving the temporal lobe could physically hear the sounds, but was unable to recognize or differentiate between the sounds. Speech and language evaluations were taken with PACA 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 3 months after the onset of disease. Results At 4 weeks, the correct rates were 2.5% and 95.0% in spoken word-picture matching and written word-picture matching (P<0.001), and were 5.6% and 80.6% in spoken semantic knowledge and written semantic knowledge (P<0.001). The scores of auditory input processing function score were low, including phoneme discrimination, spoken word matching with minimal differences, environmental sounds identification. The correct rates were 67.5% in oral picture naming, 0 in word repetition, 70.0% in word reading, 0 in dictation, 100.0% in directly copy writing. At 8 weeks and 3 months, there was complete recovery in written word- picture matching (both 100%) and written semantic knowledge (97.2%, 100%), and improvement in oral picture naming (87.5%, 90%), word repetition (87.5%, 97.5%), picture name writing (77.5%, 87.5%) and copy writing (both 100%) (P<0.05). But no change was found in auditory input processing function examinations, spoken word-picture matching (5.0%, 7.5%), spoken semantic knowledge (2.8%, 5.6%), word repetition (0, 3.3%) and dictation (both 0). Conclusion The patient was diagnosed as auditory agnosia with the inability to distinguish sounds. PACA can well identify the impaired level of auditory comprehension disorder and the outcome of language function recovery for aphasics.

Objective To probe deficits in visuospatial attention using an attention network test (ANT) in patients with frontoparietal network lesions. Methods The ANT was used to measure the alertness, orienting and executive control abilities of 25 patients with local brain lesions, including 13 with frontal and 12 with parietal damage. Their results were compared with those of health adults. Results During ANT tasks, the patients' responses were significantly slower on each cue and target condition than controls', and showed deficits in their alerting and orienting networks. The efficiency of executive control was impaired in patients with frontal lesions, but increased with parietal lesions. Conclusions These findings suggest that the frontoparietal network is involved in alerting and orienting, but the executive control function may be selectively associated with the frontal lobe. ANT is an efficienttool for studying visual attention and cognition.

Objective To analyze the main causes of physical disability in adults in Guangdong province in China, and to provide prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Data on Guangdong from China's Second Na-tional Sample Survey on disability in 2006 were carefully collected. Physical disability was categorized according to different causes. In each category or group, multiple factors including the severity, distribution in urban or rural are-as, and the age of onset were analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. Prevention and treatment were then for-mulated based on the data. Results The severity of disability, distribution in rural and urban areas, and the age of onset were significantly different in different groups. The main cause was cerebral vascular diseases (16.7%). The incidence of physical disability was much higher in rural areas than that in urban areas (31.8% vs 68.2% ) except for brain trauma and toxication. The main cause for physical disability among young and middle-aged people was poly-myelitis (17.1% and 14.8% respectively) ; in old people it was osteoarthrosis (35.7%). Conclusions In order to lower the incidence of physical disability and to alleviate its severity, more work should be done in the prevention and treatment of cerebral vascular disease, spinal injury, cerebral palsy, polymyelitis and osteoarthrosis. In addition more financial and technical support is needed in rural areas.

This study was aimed to investigate the blood-enriching effect of processed Radix Polygoni Multiflori on blood deficiency rats. A total of 140 SD rats were randomly divided into 14 groups, which were the blank control group, blood deficiency model group, positive control group and 11 test groups. The blank control group and model control group were treated with distilled water and the positive control group was given X ue b ao Buxue soluble granules. The test groups were treated with 11 different kinds of processed Radix Polygoni Multiflori sam-ples at a dosage of 2 g?kg-1 respectively. All rats were given drugs once a day. After 10 days, blood samples were collected and the amount of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (HCT), whole blood viscos-ity and plasma viscosity, prothrombin time were estimated. The results showed that 9 processed Radix Polygoni Multiflori groups can increase the number of RBC and Hb significantly ( P < 0 . 05 or P < 0 . 01 ) in blood deficien-cy rat models. They were the sample processed with decoction of black soybean (DBS) for 24 h, with wine and DBS combination for 24 h , steamed for 4 h and 8 h under high pressure , with DBS for 6 h and 8 h , with wine for 6 h, with wine and DBS combination under high pressure, respectively. The samples processed with DBS un-der high pressure for 8 h increased RBC and Hb were more obviously ( P < 0 . 01 ) . The 8 groups can improve the situation of functional disorder of blood rheology significantly ( P < 0 . 05 or P < 0 . 01 ) . They were the unprocessed samples, processed with DBS and wine for 24 h respectively, with DBS and wine combination for 24 h, steamed for 4 h and 8 h or steamed with DBS for 6 h and 8 h or with wine for 6 h under high pressure respectively. It was concluded that the blood-enriching effect was improved while the R adix Polygoni Multiflori was processed with DBS or wine and under high pressure for 6-8 h .