Objective To realize the expression changes and patterns of lipid metabolism and transport-related genes in rat liver regeneration(LR) at transcriptional level. Methods Genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport were obtained by retrieving the databases data and the related papers.The gene expression changes during LR was checked by Rat Genome 230 2.0 array,and LR-associated genes were identified by comparing gene expression difference between partial hepatectomy(PH) and sham operation(SO) groups. Results One hundred ninety three genes were found to be LR-associated.The number of initially and totally expressed genes occurring in forepart(0.5-4 hours after PH) of LR,prophase(6-12 hours after PH),metaphase(12-66 hours after PH),and anaphase(72-168 hours after PH) was 113,20,66,1 and 250,205,796,293,respectively.The number of their up-regulation and down-regulation was 852 and 630 times,and their expression profiles were classified into 27 types.The subdued transcription levels occur to the bile acid metabolism-involved genes in forepart and prophase of LR;the elevated transcription levels occur to the glucocorticoid catabolism-involved genes in forepart and anaphase;phospholipids synthesis-involved genes were up-regulated in prophase and metaphase,while phospholipids catabolism-involved genes were down-expressed;fatty acid,leukotriene and glycosphingolipid synthesis-involved genes,triglyceride and phosphatidylinositol metabolism-involved genes were up-regulated in metaphase,while glycosphingolipid catabolism-involved genes were down-expressed;the elevated transcription levels occur to the prostaglandin synthesis and fatty acid catabolism-involved genes in metaphase and anaphase;during almost the whole period of LR,genes participating in sex hormone,glucocorticoid and progesterone synthesis,sphingomyelin metabolism and lipid transport were up-regulated,while cholesterol metabolism-involved genes were down-expressed.Conclusion Lipid metabolism and transport during LR were diverse,and they were tightly related with LR.

Objective To investigate the expression of TMPRSS4 mRNA,protein in human pancreatic cancer tissues and to explore the relationship between the expression of TMPRSS4 protein and the clinicopathologic parameters.Methods Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expressions of TMPRSS4 mRNA and protein in 16 samples of pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal pancreatic tissues.The expression of TMPRSS4 protein in 61 samples of pancreatic cancer tissues and 26 samples of adjacent pancreatic tissues and 4 samples of normal pancreatic tissues was detected by using immunohistochemistry and its relationship with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results The expression of TMPRSS4 mRNA and protein of pancreatic cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent pancreatic tissues (9.09 ± 7.01 vs.1.27 ± 0.72; 1.223 ± 0.125 vs.0.667 ± 0.106,P ＜ 0.01 ) ;the expression rate of TMPRSS4 protein of pancreatic cancer tissues was 67.2％ (41/61),which were significantly higher than that in adjacent pancreatic tissues[3.8％ (1/26),P ＜ 0.01].There was no TMPRSS4 protein expression in normal pancreatic tissues.There was no significant correlation between the expression of TMPRSS4 protein and the age,gender,tumor location or tumor size was found.There was significant correlation between the expression of TMPRSS4 protein and the degree of differentiation,lymph node metastasis,and clinical staging (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions TMPRSS4 protein is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues,and the expression of TMPRSS4 is associated with the degree of malignancy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To explore the effect of a herbalcompound Gehua Jiejue Dizhi Decoction (GJDD) on the liver fat deposition and the expression of PXR, and the mRNA and protein expression of its target genes CYP3A11 and CYP3A25in the liver tissues of mouse models of alcoholic fatty liver.Methods Twenty-nine healthy male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group (n=5), model group (n=8), high dose GJDD group (n=8)and low dose GJDD group (n=8).The mouse model of alcoholic fatty liver was prepared according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) method.Then, the mice were treated with the high dose and low dose GJDD for 9 days.Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (AST) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Liver fat deposition was detected by oil red O staining.Real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to examine the expressions of PXR, CYP3A11 and CYP3A25.Results Compared with the model group, the liver fat deposition in the intervention groups was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner, with a significant increase of the expression of PXR and CYP3A25 (P < 0.01).The serum ALT level was significantly reduced in the model group (P < 0.01), while the transcriptional levels of CYP3A11 mRNA in the groups were similar (P ≥ 0.05).Conclusions Gehua Jiejue Dizhi Decoction has obvious therapeutic effect on the AFLD in mice, which may be related to the activation of PXR and its target genes CYP3A25.

BACKGROUND:Because of its advantages, Endobutton has been widely used in clinic. Currently, its shortcomings are increasingly recognized. Tightrope that overcomes the shortcomings of Endobutton has been gradualy accepted by a doctor skiled in sports injuries.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the differences in the effects of Tightrope and Endobutton in the reconstruction of the cruciate ligament.
METHODS:Totaly 60 cases of anterior cruciate ligament rupture were selected and subjected to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy, of which 30 cases were randomly assigned to reconstruction by Endobutton device and 30 cases underwent reconstruction by Tightrope device. Al operations were performed by the same surgeon. Al patients were subjected to regular functional exercise and were folowed up regularly after operation. Effects of Tightrope and Endobutton in the cruciate ligament reconstruction were evaluated by comparing various indexes in the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared to the Endobutton fixation system, the Tightrope fixation system could shorten the operation time, reduce the length of tendon incision, and decrease the loss of bone mass in the femoral bone tunnel. There were no significant differences in the maximum knee flexion, knee joint score and Tegner movement level score between the two groups at 3 and 6 months after operation. These findings indicate that the Tightrope fixation system is superior to the Endobutton fixation system, because it is more simple and convenient to operate and has less bone loss. However, their clinical efficacy has no difference after 6 months.

AIM: To observe the realgar induced the apoptosis of eosinophils from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatic guinea pigs and investigate the mechanism that realgar treated asthma.METHODS: The morphology of apoptosis of eosinophils was observed by Giemsa staining and electron microscope.The rate of apoptosis of eosinophils was assayed by the flow cytometry.RESULTS: The characteristic changes of the apoptosis in both light microscope and electron microscope were shown after 6 hours treatment of realgar.Flow cytometry showed that the rate of apoptosis of the eosinophils was increased with both increasing realgar concentration and prolonging realgar action time to the cells.CONCLUSION: Realgar promotes the apoptosis of eosinophils from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatic guinea pig.Realgar induced the apoptosis of eosinophils is one of the causeses for asthmatic treatment.

Objective To investigate the correlation between plasma pentraxin 3 (PTX3)and cardiovascular disease(CVD) in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients.Methods Plasma was obtained from 98 MHD patients before and after a session of HD and 50 age-matched healthy subjects.Plasma PTX3 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).Spearman correlation and linear regression were used to examine the correlation between plasma PTX3 level and other laboratory parameters.Binary Logistic regression was used to assess the correlation between plasma PTX3 level and CVD.Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the correlation among PTX3, high sensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and CVD.Results Plasma PTX3 level was significantly higher in MHD patients compared to healthy controls [1.87 (1.34-2.50) μg/L vs 1.11(0.86-1.51) μg/L, P＜0.01], and increased after a single HD session[post-HD 2.18(1.80-3.14) μg/L vs pre-HD 1.87(1.34-2.50) μg/L, P＜0.01].Patients with CVD had higher concentrations of PTX3 than those without CVD[2.18 (1.48-2.74) μg/L vs 1.76 (1.25-2.26) μg/L, P＜0.05].High plasma PTX3 (＞1.87 μg/L) was positively and independently associated with CVD[OR=3.15, 95％CI(1.17-8.50), P＜0.05].ROC curve analysis showed the PTX3 was more closely correlated to CVD than hsCRP in MHD patients with hsCRP ＞3 mg/L, and the area under the curve of PTX3 and hsCRP was 0.655 ±0.083(P＜0.05) and 0.562±0.083(P＞0.05) respectively.Plasma PTX3 level was negatively correlated with body mass index (ρ=-0.248,P＜0.05), pre-albumin(ρ=-0.218, P＜0.05), total cholesterol(ρ=-0.265, P＜0.01), triglyceride (ρ=-0.246, P＜0.05), LDL-cholesterol (ρ=-0.254, P＜0.05), hemoglobin (ρ=-0.212, P＜0.05), and positively with erythropoietin dose per week(ρ=0.184, P＜0.01), cardiac troponin T (ρ=0.287,P＜0.01), carotid artery intima-media thickness (ρ=0.294, P＜0.05).Conclusions PTX3 level ismarkedly elevated in HD patients.HD procedure induces PTX3 elevation.Plasma PTX3 could be auseful marker of CVD risk factors in MHD patients.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and validity of near infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green in sentinel node biopsy for cN0 oral carcinoma.Methods Thirty cases of previously untreated oral carcinoma staged cT1-3 N0M0 were enrolled in this study.1 ml of indocyanine green (25 mg/ 5 ml) was injected both around the primary tumor in a 4 quadrant pattern and in the base of the tumor before skin incision.After elevation of the platysma flap and posterior retraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle,fluorescence images were taken with a near infrared fluorescence detector until the hotspots were captured,then the hotspot lymph nodes were removed.Lymph nodes identified with fluorescent hotspots and verified in vivo were defined as sentinel nodes,and they were harvested and sent together with neck dissection specimen for pathologic study.Results Sentinel nodes were successfully harvested in all 30 cases.The number of sentinel nodes per case varied from 1 to 9,with an average number of 3.4.Routine pathology demonstrated that occult metastasis was exclusively found in the sentinel nodes in 5 cases (16.67％),and all the other lymph nodes were free from metastasis.No tracer associated adverse effects occurred in this series.Conclusion Near infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green has a high detection rate in sentinel node biopsy for cN0 oral/oropharyngeal carcinoma and the sentinel nodes can evaluate the cervical metastatic status accurately.It is an easy,feasible and promising method,which is worthy of further investigation.

Objective To observe the efficacy of the treatment of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) combined with prednisone on steroid-resistant idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephrifis (IMPGN) patients with moderate to severe proteinufia. Methods Thirteen cases were diagnosed as IMPGN by renal biopsy after excluding secondary factors. Among 13 patients, 9 had severe proteinuria and another 4 had moderate proteinuria, 9 with hypertension and 11 with decreased renal function. Before MMF therapy, all of the cases were resistant to the treatment of glucocorticoid (prednisone 1 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 8 weeks or more. The dose of MMF was 1.5 g/d. Patients were followed up every month for blood pressure, urinary protein excretion, liver and kidney function, complete blood count, and adverse effects. Results At the initiation, the 24 h urinary protein excretion was (4.1±1.4) g, Scr (131.0±44.9) μmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (63.3±26.8) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1. After prednisene therapy for at least 2 months, the 24 h urinary protein excretion (4.2±1.5) g, Ser (133.2±52.8)μmol/L and eGYR (63.3±27.1) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1did not change significantly. After 3 months of the addition of MMF, 24 h urinary protein excretion declined slightly [(3.8±1.2) g, P>0.05]. After 6 months, 24 h urinary protein excretion declined significantly [(2.5±0.9) g, P<0.05], with decrease in Set and eGFR[(97.2±27.3) μmol/L and (81.3±24.2) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1, P<0.05)]. At the end of 1 year, 24 h urinary protein excretion was only (1.5±0.6) g(P<0.01 ), Ser and eGFR were (95.9±22.5)μmol/L and (81.2±23.8) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1(P<0.01). All the patients experienced a partial remission of proteinuria (urinary protein excretion decreased by 50% or more). Adverse event including stomach upset was found in 1 patient. Conclusion MMF combined with glucosteroids can effectively decrease proteinuria and improve renal function without obvious side effect in steroid-resistant IMPGN.

Objective To assess the risk factors of intradialytic-hypotension (IDH) among maintaining hemodialysis (MHD) patients and to explore the relation between NT-proBNP and IDH,thus to provide clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of IDH.Methods A total of 202 MHD patients during March 2009 to May 2009 in our dialysis center were enrolled in the study.Intradialytic blood pressure (BP) was measured during a 3-month period.IDH was defined as an event characterized by a sudden drop in systolic BP more than 20 mm Hg or in mean artery pressure (MAP) more than l0 mm Hg.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors of IDH.ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of serum NT-proBNP.Results The incidence of IDH was 42.1％.One hundred and seventeen patients with no-IDH (＜1/10 hypotensive events per 3 months) were served as controls.Fifty-five patients with o-IDH (≥ 1/ 10 but ≤1/3 hypotensive events per 3 months) and 30 patients with f-IDH (＞1/3 hypotensive events per 3 months) were identified among 202 patients.Multivariate regression analysis showed that age,gender,ultrafiltration rate,serum NT-proBNP,serum albumin,aortic root dimension (AoRD) were associated with IDH among MHD patients.Serum NT-proBNP was positively correlated with IDH.The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of NT-proBNP was 0.76 (95％ CI 0.69 to 0.83,P＜0.01).The cut-off value of serum NT-proBNP for IDH was 1746.5 ng/L,with a sensitivity of 88.61％ and a specificity of 51.10％.Furthermore,the AUC of NT-proBNP for f-IDH was 0.65 (95％ CI 0.53 to 0.763,P＜0.01).The cut-off value of serum NT-proBNP for f-IDH was 8208.0 ng/L,with a sensitivity of 33.33％ and a specificity of 91.30％.Conclusions Elderly,female,high ultrafiltration rate,high level of serum NT-proBNP,hypoalbuminemia,shorter AoRD are independent risk factors of IDH among MHD patients.Serum NT-proBNP can be used as a predictor of IDH.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with serous cystadenoma of the pancreas which were admitted into the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from October 1999 to October 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 15 females(83.3%) and 3 males (16.7%).Tumors were present in the pancreatic body and tail in 12 cases ( 66. 7% ), in the pancreatic head in 3 cases ( 16. 7% ) and in the pancreatic neck in 3 cases( 16. 7% ). The mean maximum diameter of the tumor was 6. 5 cm. No specific clinical features were indentified. The size of the tumor was significantly correlated with clinical symptoms. CT was main examination with correct diagnosing rate of 61.1%. All 18 patients received surgical resection. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 3 patients, distal pancreatectomy in 5 cases,spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy in 5 cases, middle pancreatectomy in 3 cases, and tumor enucleation in 2 cases. Postoperative pancreatic fistula developed in 10 cases (55.6%);Fistula was healed by conservative therapy in all these 10 cases. Postoperative followed up from 6 to 125 months (mean,48. 3months) found no recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions CT was main imaging examination for serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. Surgical resection should be adopted for serous cystadenoma of the pancreas with clinical symptoms but uncertain malignancy.