Objective To evaluate the clinical value in diagnosis of prostatic diseases by transrectal ultrasound.Methods The comparative observation of prostatic diseases using two-dimensional,color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI)and color Doppler energy(CDE)by transabdominal and transrected ultrasound was done.Results Two-dimensional changes of prostatic disease were clearly showed by transrectal ultrasound including CDFI and CDE,and the vesicle diseases were also observed at the same time.It is beneficial to differential diagnosis.Conclusion Transrectal ultrasound is the first choice in diagnostic methods for prostatic diseases.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of Topiramate as adjunctive therapy in patients with refractory epilepsy.Methods 115 patients enrolled in this open-label,self-controlled prospective study which were designed to adopt slower dosage escalation schedule with lower initial,until reached target dosages(up to 8 weeks) or the most tolerable dosages of Topiramate,and maintained them 1~3 years treatment.The long-term efficacy,safety of Topiramate and their relationship with dosage were evaluated.Results The median percentages reduction were 56.0%,75.8%,76.1%,77.3% and 78.1% after 8 weeks,6 months,1 year,2 years and 3 years Topiramate treatment respectively for adults,and 32.1%,66.7%,68.9%,70.1% and 70.8% respectively for children.The overall efficacy for partial seizures(70.6%) was higher than that for generalized seizures(37.5%)((P

10 mm in diameter and tended to be correlated with the main discharges in EEG in two cases. 11 of 20 cases (61.11%) were effective with AEDs. After more than one year following up, 3 of 10 patients became worse.Conclusion Seizures in TS usually begin in young children, and partial seizures is the commonest seizure type in this study. There is a shift in seizure type during the clinical course. The results also suggests that there is a certain correlation between the size of cortical tubers and the epiletogenic focus. Treatment with AEDs is effective. However, the effect appears decreasing with increasing age.

Objective To observe the changes in serum High Sensitive C-reactive Protein(hs-CRP)in newly dignosed type 2 diabetic patients after treament with short-term intensive insulin aspart and investigate the relationship of inflammatory factors with insulin resistant.Methods30 newly dignosed ty 2 diabetic were treated by 14 d intensive aspart treament,the levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2hours postprandial glucose(2hPG),insulin and C-peptide,hs-CRP,the mean area under the curve(AUC)of insulin and C-peptide,insulin resistance index(HOMA-A),insulin secretion index(HOMA-B)were compared before and after transient intensive nsulin aspart treament.ResultsAfter the treament,FPG,2hPG,hs-CRP and HOMA-A were significantly decreased(P

Bartter′s syndrome(BS) is a rare renal tubular diseases and an autosomal recessive hereditary disease. The characteristic findings are hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and raised serum renin and aldosterone levels. Combination of metabolic syndrome with Bartter′s syndrome has not been reported so far. Here in, we report a case in order to call attention to the diagnosis and treatment of typical Bartter′s syndrome combined with metabolic syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To collect the document about drug sensitivity in mycoplasma-infected cases in Beijing area and to instruct drug-selecting in clinic treatment. METHODS Drug sensitivity test on 263 Mycoplasma-positive non-gonococcal urethritis(NGU)(mucopurulent cervicitis,MPC)cases was conducted. RESULTS Tetracyclines and minocycline performed the highest sensitivity(94.68%),followed by josamycin(94.30%) and doxycycline(91.63%).Lomefloxacin had the lowest sensitivity(15.59%). CONCLUSIONS Tetracyclines and macrolides can be employed as the first-choice drugs in NGU(MPC)treatment.

The blood concentrations of the pharmacodynamic substances of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are usually very low. How can they exert pharmacological actions, in which forms (original form, metabolite or the both) do they exert the actions. To answer these questions, we proposed a new concept ofEffective Formsof pharmacodynamic substances of TCMs and a hypothesis of additive effect of multiple constituents of TCMs. The hypothesis includes that the aggregate or summation of Effective Forms of pharmacodynamic substances of TCMs is the core material base of the effi-cacy of TCMs, and the additive effect of the blood concentrations of different Effective Forms is one part of the action mechanism. The additive effect of the different Effective Forms of a TCMs means an additive effect of numerous con-stituents or/and metabolites on a same target, and therefore the efficacy brought by the addition of the concentrations of all these compounds, which different from the synergy effect of multi-constituents on multi-targets. Studies on the disposition of TCMs showed that a constituent can be biotransformed to many metabolites (up to more than 50 metabolites);different constituents can produce the same metabolites;many metabolites (up to 10 compounds for each metabolite) are isomers or homologues; some constituents can be converted to each other in vivo; and some metabolites are bioactive. These com-pounds having the similar structure are likely to have the same pharmacological effects on the same target, which could provide experimental evidences for the concept ofEffective Formsand the hypothesis ofAdditive Effect. We suggest that the Effective Forms and Additive Effects of the pharmacodynamic substances of TCMs should be extensively investi-gated in the future, and the results of such researches will help us further understand the pharmacodynamic substances and action mechanism of TCMs, and give a new explanation 'Toxicities Scattering Effect' for 'Why the toxicities of TCMs are low', and propose a new strategy for quality control of TCMs.

Objective:To evaluate the value of CT angiography (CTA) for vertebral artery (VA) injury in the transverse foramen region of cervical vertebra.Methods:The clinical and CTA imaging data of 56 patients with cervical spine trauma in People's Hospital of Yuxi City from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. To observe the VA were or not injuried and their degrees, and the relationship between fracture in transverse foramen region and injured of the VA by applying post processing techniques such as volume reconstruction (VR), image fusion, curved planar reconstruction (CPR), multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), vascular analysis and so on.Results:There were 35 cases in the positive group of transverse perforation stenosis among the 56 patients, and 21 cases in the negative group. There were 19 cases injuried the VA in the positive group of stenosis, but just 5 cases′VA were injuried in the negative group of stenosis, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The risk of VA injuried caused by different degrees of transverse perforation stenosis in the positive stenosis group was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The VA damaged distribution were: 3 cases in V1 segment, 16 cases in V2 segment, 5 cases in V3 segment. The degree of luminal stenosis were: 9 cases of mild stenosi, 7 cases of moderate stenosis, 5 cases of severe stenosis, and 3 cases of luminal occlusion. Conclusions:The CTA of VA can clearly show its anatomical route, degree of injury, range and its adjacent relationship with the fracture end of the transverse foramina of cervical vertebra, which can provide evidences of objective and reliable imaging for spinal surgeons to assess their conditions and select the treatment plans.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC characteristic chromatogram of pheretima,and compare the differences of the main ingredient contents of Guangdong pheretima and Shanghai pheretima and the chromatogram differences among pheretima and 3 other animal drugs. METHODS:Pheretima HPLC characteristic chromatogram method was adopted to determine the characteris-tic chromatograms of 16 Guangdong pheretima,8 Shanghai pheretima,3 eupolyphaga,3 hirudo and 3 catharsius. Similarity evalua-tion and t test were used to analyze the differences of chromatogram data of 5 animal drugs. RESULTS:The established HPLC char-acteristic chromatogram method firstly identified 11 common characteristic peaks,including 6 nucleosides,4 nucleobase and 1 ami-no acid;and it could be used for the identification of pheretima from eupolyphaga,hirudo and catharsius;the differences of main ingredient contents in the characteristic chromatogram of Guangdong pheretima and Shanghai pheretima were firstly studied. The contents of xanthine and adenosine in Guangdong pheretima were higher than Shanghai pheretima,while the contents of uridine, guanosine and 2′-deoxy guanosine in Shanghai pheretima were higher than Guangdong pheretima. A new index S,calculated by these 5 constituents,was successfully applied to distinguish the 2 kinds of pheretima. CONCLUSIONS:The characteristic chro-matogram can be used for the identification of pheretima,and can provide reference for the pharmacodynamic differences study of Guangdong pheretima and Shanghai pheretima.

Objective To observe the bioeffects on the normal rats synovial with diagnostic ultrasound combined with different doses contrast medium. Methods Twenty normal cleaning level Wister rats were divided into 5 groups (each with 4 rats and 8 knees): ultrasound+100 μl contrast medium, ultrasound+200 μl contrast medium, ultrasound+300 μl contrast medium, ultrasound+500 μl contrast medium, a simple ultrasound irradiation (control group). Each group was irradiated with diagnostic ultrasound for 10 min. Rats were sacrificed after 1 week and joints synovial tissues were observed with pathological HE staining. Results In group ultrasound+100 μl contrast medium, ultrasound+200 μl contrast medium, ultrasound+300 μl contrast medium and control group, no significant damage in synovial tissues was found. In group ultrasound+500 μl contrast medium, synovial cells swelling, showing round, oval or polygonal, synovial tissues hyperplasia, arranged disorder, capillary proliferation, some muscle fiber structure dissolved fracture, inflammatory cell infiltration in the surrounding tissue were found. Conclusion Ultrasound combined with contrast medium can significantly enhance the bioeffects of synovial tissues, and the more the contrast medium doses, the more serious injury occurs in synovial tissues.