Objective To investigate the relationship between renal sympathetic nerve activity and the severity of heart failure in dogs with chronic heart failure ( CHF) .Methods CHF were induced by ab-dominal aorta constriction.Plasma renin activity ( PRA) , adrenaline ( E) , and noradrenaline ( NE) were determined in 9 dogs with CHF (CHF group) and 3 sham-operated dogs (control group).Results E, NE, PRA, and B-type natriuretic peptide ( BNP) were significantly higher in CHF group than those in con-trol group (all P <0.01).Compared to 10-week post-operation, PRA [(2.08 ±0.08)ng/(ml? h) vs (2.26 ±0.16)ng/(ml? h)], NE [(184.01 ±11.76)pg/ml vs (202.99 ±16.54)pg/ml] and BNP [(85.87 ±11.41)μg/ml vs (100.41 ±9.24)μg/ml] were significantly increased in the 12-week post-op-eration (all P <0.01).PRA [10 weeks post-operation:(2.13 ±0.08)ng/(ml? h) vs (2.02 ±0.05)ng/(ml? h);12 weeks post-operation:(2.38 ±0.09)ng/(ml? h) vs (2.11 ±0.07)ng/(ml? h)] and NE [10 weeks post-operation: (191.75 ±8.40) pg/ml vs (174.33 ±7.08) pg/ml;12 weeks post-operation:(215.69 ±6.26)pg/ml vs (186.36 ±7.98)pg/ml] were higher in high BNP group than those in low BNP group both in 10 and 12 weeks post-operation ( P =0.013, P =0.013, P =0.002, respectively).Con-clusions PRA was increased in dogs with CHF and associated with the severity of CHF.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on autophagy and its effect on Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).MethodsThe cultured HUVECs were divided into either an oxLDL or a control group, and treated with 100 μg/ml oxLDL and equal volume phosphate buffer solution respectively.The cells were collected after 6 h and 12 h.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the autophagosome.Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect expression levels of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 mRNA.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of LC3, p62, P-Akt/Akt, P-mTOR/mTOR, and p-p70S6K/p70S6K.Results Compared with the control group, the number of intracellular autophagosome increased obviously (P<0.05), LC3 mRNA and protein expression levels increased significantly (all P<0.05), and p62 mRNA and protein expression levels decreased significantly (all P<0.05) in the oxLDL group.In addition, the phosphorylated protein expression levels of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K in the oxLDL group were significantly decreased than those in the control group (all P<0.01).However, total protein levels of Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K were not significantly different between the oxLDL group and the control group.Conclusion oxLDL may induce the autophagy of HUVECs via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the awareness of osteoporosis and its influential factors in middle-aged and older people. Methods By using self-designed questionnaire, 354 middle-aged and old people were investigated as to their awarness of osteoporosis in Chajiao street community in Guangzhou. Among them, 58 people were measured the bone density in the calcaneal bone by Ultrasound. Results The average score of the questionnaire was 9.46 ± 5.13, and the accuracy was 39.4%. In the diagnosis and treatment, the accuracy was just 17.8%. The diet (the accuracy in 54%) and sport (the accuracy in 50.3%) were good. The statistical analyses showed the linear relationship between the T value of bone density and the age (P = 0.021), between the T value and the score (P = 0.047). Wilcoxon rank sum test found that the T value between female and male was significantly different (Z = -3.749, P < 0.000). With multiple linear regression analysis, the T value had a linear correlation with the score (F = 4.224, P = 0.045) positively. Conclusions Currently, the awareness of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and old people was inadequate. To better prevent osteoporosis, the propogation of knowledge and guidance provided by clinicians in osteoporosis should be improved necessarily and emergently.

It has been proposed by Basic Questions On Proper Therapies for Different Diseases Geographically （《素问·异法方宜论篇》） that "wei （痿） diseases should be treated by Daoyin （导引）". Furthermore， it is clarified that the indications of Daoyin are those conditions related to spleen and dampness caused by dampness pathogen， excessive food intake and less exercise， and mainly manifested as heavy limbs， fatigue and flaccidity， which is similar to the metabolic imbalance in the early stage of glucose or lipid metabolism disorder in modern medicine. Based on modern clinical and basic research evidence， Daoyin can inhibit the response of inflammation， alleviate oxidative stress， regulate intestinal microbiota， and modulate gene expression to improve metabolic abnormalities， and this will provide ideas for researches on the indications of Daoyin.

Construction and application of immunization information system is an important part of health information, which is very useful to improve the quality, efficiency and safety of vaccination. The background, system architecture, functions and applications, working conditions and characteristics of Shandong province Immunization Information System (IIS) are introduced in this article. It is expected to provide experiences for the development of immunization information system of other provinces.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status and development needs of evidence-based medicine （EBM） capability in ethnic minority medicine， and explore effective strategies to enhance EBM capability in this field. MethodsThe questionnaire survey was conducted in various ethnic minority medical institutions and research organisations. The questionnaire covered three dimensions， firstly， perceptions and attitudes towards evidence-based medicine； secondly， advantages and challenges in the development of ethnic minority medicine； thirdly， demands and recommendations for enhancing evidence-based medicine capability in ethnic minority medicine. ResultsA total of 501 valid questionnaires were collected， of which 103 questionnaires were collected by re-sending to minority medicine regions with insufficient participation. The questionnaires included 354 responses （70.66%） from practitioners of minority medicine， including Tibetan medicine， Mongolian medicine， Uyghur medicine， Zhuang medicine， and Korean medicine. Among the 501 questionnaires， 146 respondents （29.14%） indicated that they knew about EBM， 355 respondents （70.86%） had either a "general understanding" or had "not heard about" EBM before， and 469 respondents （93.61%） believed that introducing ECM could promote the development of ethnic minority medicine. The primary challenge in promoting EBM in the field of ethnic minority medicine is the lack of professionals in EBM and a lack of understanding of how to apply it into clinical practice （442 respondents， 88.22%）. In the 9-point importance rating for enhancing evidence-based abilities， high scores were achieved in standardization of clinical practice guidelines （7.50±1.90） and methods for sample sizes in clinical research （7.45±1.90）. Regarding the demand for improving clinical research literacy， expert academic lectures， and experience sharing （404 respondents， 80.64%） and evidence-based methodology monographs on ethnic minority medicine （401 respondents， 80.04%） were emphasized. ConclusionsPractitioners in ethnic minority medicine hold a positive attitude towards integrating EBM. However， there remains substantial room for the education and dissemination of EBM. Enhancing evidence-based capabilities can be achieved through specific measures such as cultivating or recruiting talents in EBM， establishing evidence-based support platforms for clinical research， organizing regular academic lectures and exchanges， and strengthening the construction of theoretical frameworks and evaluation systems tailored to ethnic minority medicine， thereby following a path of evidence-based practices aligned with the unique characteristics of ethnic minority medicine.