Objective To understand the effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory disease and symptoms among school-age children in Beijing and provide scientific basis for control and prevention of ambient air pollution in order to enhance the chidren's health. Methods The investigation was carried out in 3 areas(A, B, C) with ambient air pollution in different degrees of by different air pollution source in Beijing based on the data of environmental monitoring. 3 primary schools were selected in each investigation area. There were 5 749 observed pupils from 3 area in total. Investigation on respiratory health was performed by using the standard questionaire among pupils of Grade 1-Grade 5 in each school sampled by claster sampling method. Results The prevalences of respiratory disease and symptoms among children in A area with better ambient air quality were significantly lower than those in B area and C area with heavy ambient air pollution(P

Objective To investigate the influence of comprehensive psychological intervention and cognitive therapy on cognitive function in schizophrenia.Methods A total of 80 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into the comprehensive psychological intervention group (group A,n=40)and the cognitive therapy group (group B,n=40).Before and after 8-week treatment,the influence on cognitive function were measured with WAIS-RC,WMS,WCST and TESS were compared between two groups.Results After eight weeks,the intelligence quotient,remembrance quotient ,sustained errors and random errors in group A (110.52±18.03,110.78±1.15.42,15.48±9.82,17.46±13.28) were higher than that in group B (96.64±18.26,102.23±13.4,20.35±11.47,24.92±13.71).The difference between the two groups was found in improving cognitive function in schizophrenia patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Cognitive therapy could improve cognitive function in schizophrenia,but comprehensive psychological intervention would do much better.

Craniotomy ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Skull ; pathology

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive intervention measure on antimicrobial use and incidence of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in patients in sports medicine department.Methods Antimicrobial use and incidence of HAI in hospitalized patients in the surgical departments (sports medicine department and other surgical departments)of a hospital between January 2006 and December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively(before intervention),from January 2011, comprehensive intervention based on clinical-centered multi-department cooperation was adopted by sports medicine depart-ment,the other surgical departments over the same period were not comprehensively intervened;antimicrobial use and inci-dence of HAI in patients in surgical departments between January 2012 and December 2013 were monitored prospectively (after intervention ),effectiveness of intervention was evaluated.Results Antimicrobial use and incidence of HAI in pa-tients in sports medicine department after intervention were both lower than before intervention (55.75% vs 95.26%,χ2=753.42;0.10% vs 0.32% ,χ2 =15.13,both P <0.01).Antimicrobial use in patients in other surgical departments after intervention was lower than that before intervention(65.63% vs 73.79% ,χ2 =251.57,P <0.01 );incidence of HAI was higher than that before intervention(0.55% vs 0.42% ,χ2 =19.04,P <0.01).Conclusion Comprehensive in-tervention measure based on clinical-centered multi-department cooperation is safe and effective,it can reduce antimicrobial use and incidence of HAI in patients in sports medicine department.

OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of the nosocomial infection among the hospital inpatients in a grade-A hospital in Beijing.METHODS Surveillance on nosocomial infection was performed among the hospital inpatients from Jan 2005 to Dec 2007.RESULTS From Sept 2006 to Aug 2007,803 cases were infected,the incidence was 1.99%.The lower respiratory tract ranked the first place(38.97%)and the highest infected rate was in ICU(16.16%).The species were predominated by Gram-negatives.The main pathogenic microorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans,etc.From 2005 to 2007,the infections caused by P.aeruginosa increased gradually,and the infections caused by C.albicans reduced gradually.CONCLUSIONS Many people should work to prevent and control the infections in hospital,such as doctors,nurses,inpatients,management workers,etc.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens.METHODS The data of pathogen′s origin and antibacterial resistance of Intensive Care Unit(ICU) inpatients from Apr 2008 to Mar 2009 in a Hospital were analyzed.RESULTS There were 226 strains pathogens isolated from 116 nosocomial infection cases,from which the Gram-negative bacteria were predominate(63.27%).The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii was the highest in Gram-negative bacteria,more than 70% isolates resistant to almost antibacterial.The main Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus,and the rate of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) was 41.3%.All S.aureus were sensitive to vancomycin and Linezolid.CONCLUSIONS To control the antibacterial resistance of pathogens and decrease the nosocomial infection,it is important to strengthen the appropriate use of antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE To investigate a case of nosocomial infection incident in a hospital,analyze the reasons and put forward preventive measures.METHODS Investigation was carried out on the related people and environment in the department where the incident occurred.Analysis was made on the reasons and processing.RESULTS The nosocomial infection incident was caused by Norovirus;fecal-oral transmission and contact transmission were 2 main pathways of Norovirus.There were 7 persons who had been contaminated by Norovirus,included 5 old inpatients,1 doctor and 1 nurse.CONCLUSIONS Many people should work to prevent and control the infections in hospital,such as doctors,nurses,inpatients,hospital works etc.Hand-washing and disinfection isolation should be enhanced among the hospital staffs in the normal works.

Objective To study the performance verification of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in the Johnson Vitros 5 .1 FS bio‐chemical analyzer .Methods According to CLSI instrumentation evaluation standard and referring to the validation scheme provided by the Johnson company ,the precision ,accuracy ,linear range of LDH ,maximum dilution degree ,biological reference range were verified .Results The LDH intra‐batch and inter‐batch precision experiments were≤3 .30% ;the accuracy experiment≤4 .00% ;the determination coefficient of the linear experiment was 0 .997 2 ;the LDH maximum dilution degree was 8 times with saline solution dilution;the biological reference range experiment verified that the reference range 313-618 U/L provided by the VITROS Meth‐odology Manual could be quote .Conclusion The performance verification of LDH detected by the Johnson Vitros 5 .1 FS biochemi‐cal analyzer basically conforms to the requirements of the quality objectives and manufacturer′s instructions ,and meets the needs of clinical test .

In current study,by means of analysis of client and administrator needs,we constructed "internal medical resource database" based on internet,which has 5 modules including database itself,communication on line,resource searching,recent updating and resource statistic.We hope the establishment of "internal medical resource database" can do a favor for the similar resource database.

Objective To investigate clinical features of microscopic colitis (MC) in the elderly and short-term effect of mesalamine on MC.Methods Totally 116 elderly patients with MC in our hospital were recruited from January 2011 to December 2011.Clinical manifestations,use of MC related drugs (MCRDs),pathological classifications and short-term effect of mesalazine were collected and analyzed.Results MC patients accounted for 27.6 ％ in elderly patients with chronic diarrhea,who presented with mild to middle watery or mucous stool,and only 1.7％ of MC patients accompanied with severe stomach pain.Collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic enteritis (LC) accounted for 31.9％ and 68.1％,respectively in MC patients and 50％ of them had MCRDs taking history.There was a significant difference in short-term effective rate between CC group and LC group at 4 weeks after mesalazine treatment (64.9％ vs.84.8％,x2 =5.929,P=0.015).The effective rate was significantly related with the relief of pathology in LC group (x2 =5.896,P=0.015).The relapse rate had no significant difference between CC group and LC group at 8 weeks after withdrawal of mesalazine treatment (45.8％ vs.34.3 ％,P =0.317).Conclusions MC may be one of the main reasons leading to chronic diarrhea in the elderly.Mesalazine has a better effect for the short-term treatment of MC in the elderly,but the long-term maintenance therapy still needs further study.