OBJECTIVE To investigate clinical status,distribution of the genera,and risk factors of pneumonia caused by fungi in hospitalized senile patients.METHODS The notices of hospitalized senile patients from Jan 2000 to Apr 2003 were analyzed according to Diagnosis Standard of Nosocomial Infection published by National Ministry of Health.RESULTS Totally 135 cases were collected.The isolating ratio of Candida albicans ranked first(54.8%),followed by C.tropicalis(20.0%).The risk factors included underlying diseases,invasive surgical procedure,and prolonged hormones and antibiotics therapy.CONCLUSIONS To prevent and control pneumonia caused by fungi in hospitalized senile patients,the measures such as curing the underlying diseases,reducing invasive surgical procedures,and using antibiotics reasonably should be adopted.

砄bjective:To investigate the expression of integrin ? 1 during mandibular fracture healing.Methods:Rabbit mandibular fracture model was used,the fractured bone tissues were obtained and paraffin slices were made on the day 1,3,5,7,14,30,60 and 90 after surgery respectively.Non fractured mandible was used as the control.The expression of integrin ? 1 in bone tissue, especially in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, was studied with LsAB immunohistochemical method.Results:Integrin ? 1 was widely espressed in the bone tissure close to fracture and surrounding soft tissue.In osteoblasts increased expression of integrin ? 1 was observed on day 7,maximum on day 14～30 and normal on day 90.While in osteoclasts,it was increased and kept at maximum 14～90 days aftere fracture.Conclusion:During mandibular fracture healing,the expression of integrin ? 1 in bone,especially in osteoblasts and osteoclasts,was increased.Integrin ? 1 has a critical influence on bone fracture healing.

Objective This study was carried out to reveal the photocatalytic degradation characteristics of Bisphenol A,a representative endocrine disruptor,with immobilized nanometer TiO2 catalyst supported on fiberglass net.Methods The effects of photolysis under black light lamp and cold cathode low-pressure mercury lamp,and initial concentration(0.98-6.23 mg/L) on the degradation of bisphenol A(BPA) was explored by photoreactor in laboratory.Photocatalytic mineralization and intermediates under different irradiations was also investigated.Results It was found that the reaction kinetics was first order with respect to BPA concentration,and the apparent kinetic constants decreased with the increase of initial concentration.Photodecomposition of BPA under black light lamp irradiation was caused by not photolysis but photocatalysis,while that under cold cathode low-pressure mercury lamp was caused by the synergistic effect of photolysis as well as photocatalysis.Further studies showed that photocatalytic mineralization of BPA differed greatly under those different irradiations.1,4-benzoquinone,p-dihydroxybenzene,methyl p-hydroxybenzoate,D-hydroxyacetophehone,1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone,1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-vinyl alcohol were identified as intermediates under black light lamp,and 3-hydroxyl-3-crotonic acid,4-hydroxybenzaldehyde,D-hydroxyacetophehone,2-acetyl-3-methoxyl-5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,3,4-di-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexane were found under cold cathode low-pressure mercury lamp.Conclusion The differences of photocatalytic mineralization under different illumination are attributed to the molecule structure with two benzene-rings.

Objective:To observe the clinic effectiveness of cryoretinopexy under light fiber illumination during vitreoretinal surgery. Methods: Twenty-two patients with complex retinal detachment underwent vitrectomy,fluid-air exchange,cryoretinopexy under light fiber illumination.Postoperative vitreous cavity tamponade was accomplished with silicone oil in 14 cases,perfluoropropane gas in 8 cases,8 cases combined with sclera encircling. Results: Postoperative follow-up ranged 3 months to 1 year,retinal tear or hole closed and retina reattached in 20 cases.The success rate of operation was 90.9%. Conclusion: Cryoretinopexy under light fiber illumination during vitreoretinal surgery positioning is easy and accurate and the effect is definite.

BACKGROUND:Rapid development of spermatogonial stem cells is the new hope for assisting reproductive technologies,and the stability of the number and structure of the chromosome cultured in vitro is one of the important factors in usage.OBJECTIVE: To study the influential factors on G-band exhibition in mouse spermatogonial stem cells, so as to offer a technology to identify karyotype of stem cells in culture.DESIGN: Observational experiment.SETTING: Luzhou Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Luzhou Medical College from March 2004 to April 2005. 10 days old male and female Kunming mice were provided by Department of Animal of Luzhou Medical College (number of license No. 17 of experimental animal quality administration in Sichuan province).There were low-sugar DMEM medium, 10 mg/L Mitomycin-C, IMDM medium, 1 ×10-5 mol/L colchicines (PBS allocation),7.5 mmol/L KCL, fixative (mixture glacial acetic acid with methanol in 1:3), Giemsa staining solution and 0.25% zymine.METHODS: Bone marrow was aspirated from the thigh bone of mouse for feeder layer cells preparation. Cells from the male mice testis of 7-8 days after birth were prepared and made into cell suspension. After adjusting the cell density to 3×105 L-1, they were inoculated into the feeder layer of bone marrow stromal cells. Cells were cultured at 37 ℃ in CO2 incubator containing CO2 of 0.05 volume fraction and 70% humidity. The proliferation groups of stem cells cultured 15-20 days were selected, stirred and spread, and then treated with colchicine for 4-6 hours. Cell suspension was collected,and then stained after hypotonic treatment. The cells whose chromosomes were dispersed well and in metaphase were selected, and number of chromosomes was counted, and then the morphology of chromosomes was observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Culture of bone marrow stromal cells and spermatogonial stem cells and coloration and count of chromosomes.RESULTS: The karyotype of spermatogonial stem cells was the same as the body cells of normal mouse, which showed granule or rod-shape. Karyotype was 20 pairs, 40 bars. Three kinds of chromosome morphology could be observed under oil immersion lens. The first type was condensed, which could be counted in total, but the band could not be seen.The second type was chromatosome that spread completely in the center of equatorial plate and were in metaphase. In this phase, total numbers and band were seen clearly. Last type-chromosomes had already folded and moved towards two poles and concentrated gradually, the total number of chromosomes could be counted, but bending could not be seen clearly.CONCLUSION:Many factors can affect the karyotype of spermatogonial stem cells, including the phase of cell division,effect of hypotonic solution, diffusion of the cell when dropping slides, concentration of trypsin and digestion time, etc.

Objective To explore the sleep quality and its influencing factors among the patients with schizophrenia of Hui and Han populations in the rural areas in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.MethodsTotally 296 patients with schizophrenia of Hui and Han populations in the rural areas were selected from 2 counties of Wuzhong and Zhongwei in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by using cluster random sampling method.Self-made general information questionnaire was used to collect the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with schizophrenia.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep quality.Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) were used to measure the psychotic symptoms,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms,respectively.ResultsIn the rural areas,the incidence of sleep disorder in the patients with schizophrenia of Hui and Han populations was 84.5%.The influencing factors of sleep disorder in the patients with schizophrenia in the rural areas were age(B=0.055,P=0.012,OR=1.057,95%CI:1.012-1.103),nationality(B=2.250,P<0.01,OR=9.485,95%CI:2.701-33.319),marital status(B=-1.506,P=0.003,OR=0.222,95%CI:0.081-0.605),course of disease(B=-0.003,P=0.089,OR=0.997,95%CI:0.993-1.001),the total score of HAMD(B=0.079,P=0.007,OR=1.083,95%CI:1.021-1.148)and the total score of HAMA(B=0.060,P=0.036,OR=1.061,95%CI:1.004-1.122).ConclusionSleep disorders are common and associated with multiple factors in patients with schizophrenia of Hui and Han populations in Ningxia rural area.In clinical practice,more attention should be paid to the identification and intervention of sleep disorders,so as to improve the sleep quality for the patients with schizophrenia.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects and side effects of cisplatin-S-1 (CS) program and docetaxel-cisplatin-S-1(DCS) program on patients with malignant gastric tumor who were treated by laparoscopic gastrectomy.MethodsA total of 67 patients in our hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 were included in this study,of which 33 cases accepted cisplatin-S-1 program (CS group),34 cases accepted DCS program (DCS group).The related side effects including diarrhea,nausea and acute upper respiratory infection,change of routine blood tests,blood biochemical index,and death caused by chemotherapy were analyzed.The related index of surgery including operation time,blood loss,recovery time of gastrointestinal function,pain incidence,hospital stay,lymph nodes resection success rate,postoperative infection,obstruction,intestinal emptying delays were recorded.Meanwhile,the 3-year survival rate after operation and postoperative 3-year recurrence rate between the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery time of gastrointestinal function,the lymph nodes resection success rate,the incidence of postoperative pain,as well as the length of hospital stay,postoperative infection rate,and complications such as obstruction and intestinal emptying delays between the two groups(P>0.05).And there was no significant difference in chemotherapy-related complications between the two groups(P>0.05).But the postoperative 3-year survival rate and postoperative 3-year recurrence rate of DCS group was better than those of the CS Group(P<0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference in complications and surgery-related index between the two preoperative chemotherapy.However,the DCS programs have more advantages in therapeutic effects.

AIM: To construct a human recombinant immunoglobulin library containing D-Dimer by using phage surface display technology. METHODS: Human immunoglobulin heavy chain and light chain genes were amplified respectively by RT-PCR from different human lymphocytes using family specific primers and signal sequences of immunoglobulin as half-nested PCR primers. The heavy chain and light chain PCR products were cloned into phagemid vector pComb3H and the human immunoglobulin recombination library was generated with helper phage VCSM13. RESULTS: A human combinatorial antibody library consisting of 2.8?10~8 in dependent clones was generated with a titer of 4.1?10~(17)PFU/L. The recombinant frequency of Fab genes was 46%. CONCLUSION: A human combinatorial antibody library was generated. It will be beneficial for selecting Fab antibodies of D dimer from the library.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the drug utilization data in the second half year of 2007 in our hospital.METHODS:By using ABC analytic method,the consumption amount,consumption sum and the varieties of drugs used in the second half year of 2007 in our hospital were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Type A,B and C drugs accounted for 16.34%,18.76% and 65.03%,respectively,in terms of the consumption amount.CONCLUSION:The drug utilization structure in our hospital is rational on the whole,but the use of antibiotics is somewhat irrational and thus need to be standardized further.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that placement, needling point, angle and length of pedicle screws for thoracic vertebral fractures have been unified. Many studies concerned axial pul-out force and biomechanical behavior of a single screw, but few reports addressed the biomechanical behavior after the replacement with three kinds of screw connecting to rods. OBJECTIVE:To further observe and compare biomechanical behavior after three kinds of thoracic screw placement connecting rod using biomechanical testing, to understand the strength of thoracic pedicle screw replacement connecting rods, and the effects of its puling out on the stress of the bone surrounding the placement site. METHODS:The fresh frozen specimens of thoracic vertebra were divided into three groups at random: the pedicle fixation group, the transverse process-vertebral body fixation group, and modified rib transverse process fixation group. Thoracic pedicle screw system was inserted by the standard placement method in each group. The experiment was measured on the mechanical equipment. During puling out, the strength that bone bore was described with dynamic curve, folowed by statistical analysis. The difference in the gripping force on the thoracic vertebra among three kinds of screw placement method was compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among three kinds of screw placement methods and among three kinds of screw placement methods on the injured vertebral body, the gripping force was significantly bigger in the pedicle fixation group than in the transverse process-vertebral body fixation group and modified rib transverse process fixation group (P < 0.01). No significant difference in the gripping force was detected between the transverse process-vertebral body fixation group and modified rib transverse process fixation group. Results verified that the stability of loading ability was apparently better in the pedicle fixation group compared with the transverse process-vertebral body fixation group and modified rib transverse process fixation group.