Objective To investigate the relationship between the metabolic changes of the Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and pathogenesis of the gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer. Methods CuZnSOD activity was measured in the 52 gastric carcinoma tissues and 10 gastric ulcer tissues. The distribution and expression level of CuZnSOD in the tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining and density analysis, respectively. Results CuZnSOD activities in the gastric carcinoma and ulcer tissues were 17.73?1.74～62.85?8.47NU/mg protein and 71.73?6.01 NU/mg protein, respectively. CuZnSOD activities in the gastric far-end tissues of the gastric carcinoma and ulcer were 25.10?3.58 ～ 101.50?11.06 NU/mg protein and 139.67?8.80 NU/mg protein, respectively. The density scales of CuZnSOD expression in the gastric carcinoma cells and tissues were 83.83?7.28 ～ 145.25?8.84 and 124.67?6.30 ～ 146.13?8.51, respectively. There was not CuZnSOD expression in the gastric ulcer tissue, while the density scales of CuZnSOD expression in the normal gastric tissue was 144.60?7.32. Conclusion The metabolic change of CuZnSOD in the gastric carcinoma tissue was related with the histological classification and differentiation of gastric carcinoma. The ability of anti-oxidation obviously declined in the both local carcinoma tissues and extensive gastric tissues. However, the ability of anti-oxidation declined only in the center of gastric ulcer.

Objective To evaluate the correlations between CT features and histopathologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinomas presenting as pure ground-glass nodules (pGGN) of 1 cm or less in maximal diameter. Methods CT appearances, pathology and clinical data of 95 patients (97 lesions) who underwent curative resection of lung adenocarcinomas presenting as pGGN≤1 cm in diameter from March 2011 to February 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 97 lung adenocarcinomas, there were 19 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) (19.6%), 31 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (31.9%), 19 minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) (19.6%) and 28 invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IPA) (28.9%). Fifty (51.5%) were preinvasive (AAH+AIS) and 47 (48.5%) were invasive (MIA+IPA). Lesion size and density were compared among pathologic subtypes using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Lesion size were compared between preinvasive and invasive lesions using 2?independent samples t?test. Lesion location, presence of bubble?like sign, air bronchogram, vessel changes, margin, and tumor?lung interface were compared among histopathologic subtypes using chi?square test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the cut-off point of size in discriminating preinvasive lesions from invasive lesions. Results Of the 97 lesions, there were no statistically significant differences among histopathologic subtypes in terms of lesion density, presence of bubble?like sign, air?bronchogram, and margin (P>0.05). Mean size of AAH, AIS, MIA and IPA was (0.72 ± 0.19), (0.82 ± 0.14), (0.84 ± 0.11) and (0.85 ± 0.16) cm respectively. There were statistically significant differences among histopathologic subtypes in terms of lesion size (F=3.16, P=0.028). The vessel changes occurred in 2 of AAH, 11 of AIS, 10 of MIA and 17 of IPA. There were statistically significant differences among histopathologic subtypes in terms of vessel changes (χ2=13.22, P=0.004). Lesions with clear tumor?lung interface were in 10 of AAH, 24 of AIS, 17 of MIA, and 26 of IPA. There were statistically significant differences among histopathologic subtypes in terms of tumor?lung interface (χ2=12.67, P=0.005). The optimal cutoff value of lesion size for differentiating preinvasive lesions from invasive lesions was 0.82 cm (sensitivity, 61.7%;specificity, 62.0%). Conclusion Lesion size, vessel changes, and lung?tumor interface may indicate the invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma presenting as pGGNs of≤1 cm in diameter.

The aim of the study was to investigate the population ecology of medical shellfish and the infection of An-giostrongylus cantonensis in Longhai ,Fujian Province ,China .Aquatic and terrestrial shellfish were collected in survey points according to different types of breeding grounds .Then ,lung-microscopy method was involved in the detection of the lung tis-sue in Ampullaria gigas .Other shellfishes were mashed to detect the third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis .Hom-ogenization and lung microscopy were compared in the detection of the larvae of A .cantonensis in Achatina snails .Factors re-lated to the environment and influence of shellfish hosts were also included .Results showed that 8 species of molluscans were found ,including Pila gigas ,Bellamya aeruginosa ,Bellamya lithophaga ,Melanoides tuberculata ,Achatina fulica ,Vag-inulus alte ,Philomycus bilineatus ,and Bradybaenasimilaris with 1 673 specimens in 27 survey points from 9 townships .The infectionratewas19.78% inaverage.TheinfectionrateinV.altewas56.63% (47/83);theinfectionratesforA.fulicaand P .gigas were 39 .32% (92/234) and 27 .14% (130/234) ,respectively .The infection rate of each survey point was closely re-lated to the distances from the residents living area .Morever ,A .cantonensis larvae were detected in M .tuberculata .Lung mi-croscopy and homogenization method detection rate was 87 .1%and 100 .0% ,respectively .The difference was statistically sig-nificant .In conclusion ,V .alte ,A . fulica and P .gigas were A . cantonensist infection dominant population . The infection rate was closely related to micro-ecological environment for all kinds of shellfish .M .tuberculata was the new host of A .can-tonensis .Lung microscopy method should not be used in the qualitative screening detection of A . f ulica infected with A .can-tonensist .

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravesical alkalised lidocaine therapy for the treatment of ketamine-associated cystitis. Methods From 2008 to 2009,7 cases of patients (6 males and 1 female; mean age 26 years) were admitted with severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Three cases had painful hematuria. All cases had history of abuse ketamine. B ultrasound examination revealed marked thickness of the bladder wall and small bladder capacity. Urodynamic study were performed showing the functional bladder capacities between 20 to 100 ml(average 50 ml),Qmax between 3.7 to 10.8 ml/s, RUV between 0 to 24 ml. Urodynamic analyses showed hypersensitive bladder and decreased bladder compliance. Cystoscopy showed diffuse reddish swelling of the bladder mucosa and hemorrhagic cystitis. All patients were required to withdraw the ketamine and treated with bladder hydrodistention therapy (intravesical alkalised lidocaine with heparin). Results The biopsies of 2 patients showed bladder wall inflammation and fibrosis. LUTS was significantly relieved after bladder installation within 7 days. The functional bladder capacities increased between 150±30 ml,Qmax 11.5±3.8 ml/s. Four cases became asymptomatic. Three recurrent cases after reabused ketamin for 1 to 3 months received same intraversical treatment. All cases were followed up for 2 to 17 months. Conclusion Intravesical hydrodistention therapy with alkalised lidocaine and heparin could be the safe and effective therapy in the treatment of katamine-associated cystitis.

Abstrac:Aim To study the effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A ( HYSA ) on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs) and the related molecu-lar mechanism. Methods The inhibitory effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on VSMC proliferation was de-tected using cell culture, MTT assay, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Results The results showed that HYSA inhibited cell proliferation induced by PDGF in a dose-dependent (5,10,20,40 μmol· L-1 ) manner, reduced proliferating cell nuclear anti-gen ( PCNA ) expression and blocked PDGFR-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway activated by PDGF in VSMCs. Conclusion HYSA inhibits VSMCs prolifer-ation via reducing the expression of PCNA and blocking signal transduction of MEK-ERK1/2 in VSMCs.

Objective To analyze the fireworks signs of active pulmonary tuberculosis on CT, improve the understanding of CT findings of active pulmonary tuberculosis, and provide imaging basis for clinical treatment. Methods From January 2009 to December 2015, 26 patients (20 males, 6 females;age 16-72(39 ± 15) years old) with fireworks signs on CT were included, all patients had active pulmonary tuberculosis confirmed by sputum smear, bronchoalveolar lavage, biopsy or surgical specimen. A retrospective analysis of patient′s CT image data including the position, number, pattern of fireworks signs and other associated abnormalities were performed and the imaging features were summarized, pathological correlation with CT images was performed in patients with surgical or biopsy results. Results The fireworks signs on CT could be divided into three types:halo pattern, reversed halo pattern and homogenous pattern, which were 2, 7, 23 cases respectively in this study. Fireworks signs in 9 cases were located in unilateral lung field and 17 cases in bilateral lung field. Distribution of lesions was common bilaterally, mainly in the apical, posterior (apicoposterior) segments of the upper lobes and the superior segments of the lower lobes. Fireworks sign presented as a solitary lesion in 7 cases, 2 lesions in 3 cases, more than 3 lesions in 16 cases. Other pulmonary abnormalities included cavities, consolidation, tree-in-bud sign, pleural effusion, pleural thickening and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Pathologically, fireworks sign corresponded to caseous granulomas in the bronchioles and alveoli. Conclusion Fireworks sign is one of CT signs of active pulmonary tuberculosis, which formed by the bronchial dissemination of tuberculosis on CT and the granulomas in bronchioles and alveoli on pathology.

Objective To find the invasion-associated clinical and CT risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma presenting as pure ground glass opacity nodule (pGGN) and to calculate odds ratio valve of each independent risk factor, the total risk value(TRV) of each lesion and an alert value for the management of pGGN. Methods From January 2014 to December 2016, 265 patients with 274 lesions pathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma with pGGN on CT who had undergone curative resection were included. Patient′s clinical data and CT features of pGGN were collected. CT features included the location, size, density and edge of pGGN, bubble-like sign, intrinsic abnormal air-bronchogram and vascular changes, tumor-lung interface. All lesions were divided into preinvasive groups (74 lesions) and invasive groups (200 lesions) according to the histopathology. Quantitative data were compared between preinvasive and invasive groups using t test or variance analysis (ANOVA) or nonparametric test. Qualitative data were compared between two groups using chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical and imaging independent risk factors of invasiveness. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was used to get the optimal cutoff value (alert value) for lesion invasiveness. Results There were statistically significant differences in patient age, lesion size, bubble-like sign, abnormal air-bronchogram, intrinsic vascular changes and tumor-lung interface between preinvasive and invasive groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that bubble-like sign, abnormal air-bronchogram, tumor-lung interface and lesion size were independent risk factors of invasiveness of pGGN, the OR value and 95％CI were 2.145(1.157—3.977), 3.167(1.211—8.281), 3.253(1.444—7.324), 1.175(1.061—1.303), respectively. The ROC curve demonstrated the optimal cutoff of TRV for predicting invasiveness was 3.5 with the sensitivity of 85.5％and specificity of 69.0％. Conclusions TRV can predict the invasiveness of pGGN. Surgical treatment is recommended if TRV is≥3.5.