OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship among the dosage, serum concentration and clinical effect of phenytoin(PHT) in treating epileptic patients .METHODS: 130 steady -- state serum concentrations of PHT were determined by fluores-cence polarization immunoassay(FPIA) in 70 patients with or without other drugs used in combination .RESULTS: The indi-vidual difference among the patients who received routine dosage of PHT was very significant. Intoxication occurred ex-tremely often in patients whose PHT serum concentrations were over 30?g/ml .CONCLUSION: It is necessary to perform TDM(Therapeutic Drug Monitoring) and individualize the use of PHT,so that the safe and effective use of drug can be ensured.

OBJECTIVE:To find the quick detection method for serum benzodiazepines concentrations.METHODS:Using flurosence polarization immunoassay method to detect the serum concentration of benzodiazepines(BZDs)in149patients who were suspicious of receiving drug overdose in emergency unit.RESULTS:We got positive results in104samples from149pa?tients,but the levels of BZDs concentration were not coincident with the state of drug overdose.CONCLUSION:The method used in our report is a quick and useful assay for patients with unconfirmed drug overdose in emergency unit,but caution should be taken in the result interpretation to doctors.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the application and management of anti-infectives.METHODS:Data on sale volume,DDDs etc.of anti-infection drugs in6hospitals of Guang'an city from2001to2004were statistically analyzed.RESULTS:The DDDs of oral lomefloxacin dominated the first or2nd places for the4years;The DDDs rank orders of isoniazid and rifampin were No.4and No.5respectively in the4years;The DDDs of penicillin for injection dominated the first place on the injectable preparation lists(2001～2003);The latecomer levofloxacin assumed the tendency of surpassing the early starters not only in sale volume but also the DDDs.CONCLUSION:The proportion for anti-infectives in sales volume to the sum total drug consumption of the above mentioned area were close to those of the other medical institutions in southwest area,there are less new drug varieties and the grade of drugs used in the area was low.

Objective To analyze the prognostic factors of patients with leukemia treated with single fraction total body irradiation (SFTBI) followed by hernatopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods From January 2001 to September 2008, 102 patients received HSCT. The differences of the survival rate, relapse rate and incidence of interstitial pneumonia (IP) between groups regarding different genders, ages, pathological types, transplantation methods and TBI parameters were compared and the factors related with the survival rate, relapse rate and incidence of IP were analyzed. Results The followup time ranged from 15 to 1482 days (median, 406 days). The follow-up rate was 95.1%. 86 and 55patients were followed up more than one year and three years. The 1-and 3-year survival rates were 59.0%and 44.0%. In univariate analysis, the 3-year survival rate was signifcantly different between the groups with and without relapse before transplantation (20% vs. 55%, χ2 = 6.33, P = 0. 012), allogeneictranplantation versus autologous tranplantation (39% vs. 68%, χ2 = 8.06, P = 0.005), grade 3 or more acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and grade 0 -2 aGVHD (0% vs. 54%, χ2 = 7.52, P = 0.006),with and without relapse after transplantation (19% vs. 58%, χ2 = 10.13, P =0.001), with and without IP (23% vs. 58%, χ2 =8.35, P=0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that grade 3 or more aGVHD was the only statistically significant prognostic factors (χ2 = 12. 74 ,P =0. 000). The l-and 3-year relapse rateswere 30. 0% and 50. 0%. The incidence of relapse was obviously higher in the group with relapse before transplantation than that without (47% vs. 16%, χ2 =7. 32, P=0. 007). Multivariate analysis showed thatrelapse before transplantation was a significant factor predicting relapse after transplantation (χ2 = 9. 39,P =0. 020). The cumulative incidence of IP was 35.0%. The incidence of IP was different between groups with dose homogeneity > 3% and ≤ 3% (27% vs. 4%, χ2 = 5. 21, P = 0. 023), with and without acute parotitis (34% vs. 3%, χ2 = 14. 15, P= 0.000), allogeneic transplantation group and autologous transplantation group (31% vs. 8%, χ2= 7.70, P= 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that transplantation methods, acute parotitis and dose homogeneity were statistically significant factors in predictingIP (χ2 = 10. 08 , 10. 08 and 7.69 , P = 0. 002 , 0. 002 and 0. 010 , respectively) . Conclusions Patients who develop grade 3 or higher aGVHD have poor prognosis. Dose homogeneity influences the incidence of IP. Patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation are apt to have IP. Acute parotitis is related with IP and might be a predictor.

Objective To observe the changes of peripheral blood interleukin-2(IL-2) ,interleukin-4(IL-4) ,interleukin-10(IL-10) ,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients with positive e-anti-gen(HBeAg) treated by Bushenqingtou Decoction .Methods 60 cases of CHB with positive HBeAg were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group ,30 cases in each group .The CHB treatment group received Bushenqingtou Decoction with the treatment course of 48 week ,while the CHB control group did not received the medication therapy .In the beginning and at 48 weeks of treatment ,the blood in the two CHB groups were collected for detecting HBV DNA ,IL-2 ,IL-4 ,IL-10 ,TNF-αand IFN-γ. Results Compared with before treatments ,the levels of IL-2 ,TNF-αand IFN-γafter treatments in the CHB treatment group were obviously increased ,while the levels of HBV DNA ,IL-4 and IL-10 were remarkably decreased (P<0 .01);however ,there were no statistical differences of the various indexes after the treatments in the CHB control group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Bushenqingtou Decoction could inhibit the replication of HBV DNA in the CHB patients with positive HBeAg and improve the body immune func-tion .

BACKGROUND:Rat models of complete spinal cord transection are common models for neural tissue engineering. After transecting the spinal cord by the previous methods, gap length of broken end cannot keep relatively uniform, so we cannot objectively evaluate effects of various treatments or tissue engineering materials. OBJECTIVE:The spinal cord transection models were established by using double edged micro scissors, andthe feasibility of this new model was explored by comparing with the conventional method. METHODS: A total of 42 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into group A (n=6), group B (n=18) and group C (n=18). Group A only received laminectomy. In the group B, the spinal cord was transected with a sharp-pointed knife. Knife point should touch anterior wal of spinal canal and sidewal bone surface. Complete spinal cord transection models were prepared by repeated cutting. In group C, complete spinal cord transection models were established by using self-made double edged micro scissors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 1 week after model establishment, in the groups B and C, complete paralysis of the hind limbs was found, and BBB scores were similar. However, significant differences in the spacing of broken end were detected. (2) At 4 weeks after model establishment, hind limb functions could restore to different degrees in both groups, but no significant difference in BBB scores was found. (3) At 8 weeks after model establishment, significant differences in hindlimb motor function scores were detectable between both groups. Biotin glucosamine tracer display: In group B, a few labeled axon fibers were observed at the caudal side of the injured spinal cord. In group C, spinal cord was completely transected, and labeled axon fibers cannot be found at the caudal side. (4) Results suggested that the modeling method of self-made double edged micro scissors could effectively eliminate individual differences, contribute to quantitative analysis and comparative study of therapeutic effects.