Objective:The effects of IL-13 ( Interleukin-13 ) on SDF-1 ( Stromal cell derived factor 1 ) and EGF ( Epidermal growth factor) expression in fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells were investigated to explore the mechanism for IL-13 in the development of breast cancer.Methods:The co-culture of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with the human skin fibroblast line CCC-ESF-1 ( ESF) was used in vitro and in tumor-burdened nude mice.The effects of IL-13 on SDF-1 and EGF expression in the co-cultured fibroblasts in vitro were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( RT-qPCR ) , flow cytometry and Western blot assay.The proliferation of the co-cultured human breast cancer cells in vitro was detected by Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8).The effects of IL-13 on SDF-1 and EGF expression in the fibroblasts of tumor tissue of tumor-burdened nude mice were analyzed using immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscope, and the tumor volumes were examined.Results: IL-13 could up-regulate SDF-1 and EGF expression in the fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells in vitro,and promoted the proliferation of the co-cultured breast cancer cells.In tumor-burdened nude mice,IL-13 enhanced SDF-1 and EGF expression of fibroblasts in tumor tissue, and accelerated tumor growth.Conclusion:IL-13 up-regulates SDF-1 and EGF expression of fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells.The molecular mechanism of promoting effect of IL-13 on breast cancer relates to SDF-1 and EGF of fibroblasts in breast cancer stroma.

Objective To study the influence of residual methylene blue after plasma viral inactivation on the human immune cell function by using the peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) .Methods PBMC were isolated by adopting the Ficoll‐Hypaque density gradient centrifugation method and co‐cultured for 72 h in presence of specific T cell stimulating factors(Anti‐CD3/28 and Anti‐CD28) ,with or without different concentration of methylene blue .The culture supernatant was collected and detected the cyto‐kines secretion situation by ELISA .After 66 h culture ,CCK‐8 dye was added and continueously cultured for 4-6 h ,the prolifera‐tion was determined at A450 .Results The high‐concentration doses of methylene blue (1 .25 ,2 .5 ,5 μmol/L groups) had signifi‐cantly inhibiting effect on the proliferation of PBMC stimulated by Anti‐CD3/28(P< 0 .01) ,its OD value was decreased from 0 .897 ± 0 .385 to 0 .632 ± 0 .334 ,0 .524 ± 0 .254 and 0 .445 ± 0 .287 respectively ,showing certain dose dependent effect .The high concentrations of methylene blue (1 .25 ,2 .5 ,5 μmol/L groups) could down‐regulate interleukin(IL)‐17a ,IL‐10 and interferon (IFN)‐γ secreted by anti‐CD28 induced PBMC ,moreover showing a dose dependent effect .1 .25 ,2 .5 ,5 μmol/L methylene blue af‐fected the IL‐17a level secreted by PBMC from (406 ± 57)pg/mL descending to (276 ± 38) ,(192 ± 31) ,(134 ± 24)pg/mL respec‐tively ;affected PBMC to secrete IL‐10 ,its level was reduced from (184 ± 15) pg/mL to (132 ± 13) ,(110 ± 12) ,(42 ± 8)pg/mL ;af‐fected PBMC to secrete IFN‐γ,its level was deduced from (4 512 ± 187)pg/mL to (2 876 ± 143) ,(2 234 ± 153) ,(1 988 ± 112)pg/mL respectively .Conclusion High concentrations of methylene blue (≥1 .25 μmol/L ) has the significant inhibiting effect on the proliferation and cytokine secretion functions of PBMC .In other words ,the residual methylene blue concentration in viral inactiva‐tion plasma (≤0 .33 μmol/L) has no obvious effect on the immune function of PBMC ,but whether this concentration of methylene blue having the effect on human pure T cell immune function needs to be further evaluated and studied .

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of spectinomycin?minocycline?azithromycin and sparfloxacin to mycoplasma(Uu and Mh)and therapeutic effect of spectinomycin to my-coplasma infection in genitourinary tract.Methods①The susceptibility test:each of the4drugs was divided into two concentrations.One was at1?g/mL(sensitive concentration)and the other was at4?g/mL(resistant concentration).If mycoplasma does not grow in both concentrations,it means the drug tested is sensitive.If it grows in both concentrations,the drug tested is resistant.If mycoplasma grows in lower concentration and does not in higher concentration,it means moderate sensitive.②Treatment regimen:Spectinomycin was injected,2g/d IM,for7-10days as a course of treatmeant.Patients were followed-up7days later and2~4weeks after treatment.Results①Among1658specimens,519were found Uu positive,and61Mh positive.The resis-tance rates of Uu to4different drugs were:7.7%for minocycline,21.4%for sparfloxacin,13.9%for azithromycin and7.3%for spectinomycin.Whereas,those of Mh were:18.0%,45.9%,54.1%,and29.5%re-spectively.②The clinical effect of spectinomycin was:out of43treated patients,37(86.0%)cured,4(9.3%)markedly improved,2(4.7%)failed.Total effective rate was95.3%and so was the elimination rate of my-coplasma.Conclusion The resistant rate of mycoplasma to spectinomycin is lower than that to minocycline?azithromycin and sparfloxacin,and the former is widely used in the treatment of mycoplasma(especially Uu)infection,with a satisfactory clinical effect.