Objective To compare classical and molecular typing methods for Streptococcus pneumoniae,in order to provide fasty and accurate method for classification.Methods Selected the 150 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae which isolated from the First People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing from October 2013 to February 2015 for the research objects,using the classi-cal quellung classification method and molecular typing of multiple PCR method for classification.Compared the result and the rate of the classification,used the non parametric test of two independent samples for statistical analysis several higer rate of serotypes,and calculated the total coincidence rate,sensitivity and specificity.Results The typing rate of Streptococ-cus pneumonia capsular was 53.3%,and the main serum group were 19(32.7%),6(7.3%)and 23(4%)respectively.The serotype of 19F(23.3%),19A(2.7%),6C(2%)and 23F(2.7%)respectively by single factor serum.The typing rate of the multiple PCR method was 76.0%,and the main serum group were 19(41.3%),6(10.7%)and 23(10.7%).The serotype were mainly 19F(32.7%),19A(8.0%),6(10.7%)and 23F(9.3%).Used the 2 Independent Sample Test for statistical a-nalysis,compared with the serotypes 19F,19A and 23F(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of the types of the two methods.The total coincidence rate was 74.6%.To verify the classic quellung method by multiple PCR method,sensitivity was 70.2%,and specificity was 100%.That showed the capsular swelling method was less sensitivity than the molecular typing method.Conclusion Compared with the traditional serological typing techniques,mo-lecular typing technique have the advantages of fast,accurate,sensitive and high resolution,and become the classification method which can be rely on.

Objective To develop an easy-to-use nomogram to assist clinicians in predicting major postoperative morbidity in those non-small-cell lung canccr patients who underwent VATS lobectomy.Methods A perspective multi-center study was developed to analyze the major postoperative complications of 612 non-small-cell lung cancer patients who underwent VATS lobectomy.Muhivariable logistic regression was used to model postoperative morbidity and built the nomogram to accurately predict the major complications.Results There were 606 (99％) survivors and 6 (1％) mortality.A total of 32 patients suffered from major complications.Using logistic regression to predict major complications,preoperative model for ASA score,age ≥70 years and operation time ＞ 150 nin were found to be the significant predictors(P ＜ 0.05) of morbidity and were included in our model.Conclusion We propose a nomogram to enable clinicians to better estimate morbidity in patients with VATS lobectomy.

Objective:To explore the relationship between thyroid function and cardiovascular diseases .Methods:A total of 980 patients undergoing thyroid function examination during hospitalization were selected . According to their thyroid function ,they were divided into normal thyroid function group (normal group ,n= 930) , hyperthy-roidism group (n=18) ,and hypothyroidism group (n=32) .Clinical data were analyzed ,blood lipids and coagula-tion function indexes were examined and compared among three groups . Results:Compared with normal group ,the incidence rate of atrial fibrillation significantly rose ,incidence rate of hypertension ,cardiac insufficiency signifi-cantly reduced;levels of TC、TG、 LDL-C、 HDL-C significantly reduced ,activated partial thromboplastin time significantly extended in hyperthyroidism group , P<0.01 all;incidence rate of coronary heart disease significantly rose ,levels of TG、HDL-C significantly rose ,levels of TC 、LDL-C significantly reduced in hypothyroidism group , P<0.01 all;Compared with hyperthyroidism group ,the incidence rate of hypertension ,coronary heart disease sig-nificantly rose ,atrial fibrillation significantly reduced ,P<0.05 or <0.01 ;levels of TG、LDL-C、HDL-C signifi-cantly rose ,TC level significantly reduced in hypothyroidism group , P<0. 01 all .Conclusion:Thyroid function is closely related to cardiovascular diseases .so it′s suggested that thyroid function detection should be regarded as a routine examination in patients with cardiovascular diseases and a follow-up index for those with thyroid dysfunc-tion .

T cell recognition of foreign peptide antigen and tolerance to self peptides is key to the proper function of the immune system. Usually, in the thymus T cells that recognize self MHC + self peptides are deleted and those with the potential to recognize self MHC + foreign peptides are selected to mature. However there are exceptions to these rules. Autoimmunity and allergy are two of the most common immune diseases that can be related to recognition of self. Many genes work together to lead to autoimmunity. Of those, particular MHC alleles are the most strongly associated, reflecting the key importance of MHC presentation of self peptides in autoimmunity. T cells specific for combinations of self MHC and self peptides may escape thymus deletion, and thus be able to drive autoimmunity, for several reasons: the relevant self peptide may be presented at low abundance in the thymus but at high level in particular peripheral tissues; the relevant self peptide may bind to MHC in an unusual register, not present in the thymus but apparent elsewhere; finally the relevant self peptide may be post translationally modified in a tissue specific fashion. In some types of allergy, the peptide + MHC combination may also be fully derived from self. However the combination in question may be modified by the presence of other ligands, such as small drug molecules or metal ions. Thus these types of allergies may act like the post translationally modified peptides involved some types of autoimmunity.
Animals ; Autoantigens ; immunology ; Autoimmunity ; HLA Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism

The cultivation of medical humanistic quality is indispensable in the standardized training of pediatric residents, and it is urgent to explore new educational methods to improve their medical humanistic quality level. In this study, 60 standardized pediatricians participated in the standardized training, 36 in the experimental group received innovative interactive medical humanities education, while 24 in the control group were set up to receive traditional medical humanities education. Short-term and long-term test scores were conducted by questionnaire at the beginning of the standardized training and 2 years later. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the self-scores of professional quality, moral cultivation, communication skills, legal knowledge and innovative spirit (P>0.05) , but the scores of teaching teachers were improved except innovative spirit (P<0.05) . In addition, compared with the control group, the number of pediatricians with professional honor increased, the doctor-patient communication ability improved, the medical disputes reduced, and the family satisfaction improved in experimental group were increased (P<0.05) . These results indicated that innovative interactive medical humanistic education is an effective method to improve the medical humanistic quality of pediatric residents in standardized training.