Objective: To investigate the effect of urinastatin on the expression levels of NF-?B and TNF-? liver transplantation in patients. Methods: Thirty-six patients of late stage hepatic cirrhosis were randomly divided into two eaquel groups: the experiment group was administrated by urinastatin 300 000 U and saline 10 mL via venous injection during liver transplantation, the control group was administrated 10 mL saline by venous injection at the same time. The blood samples were harvestd at 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after the blood recovery of donated liver. The nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) P65 relative level of blood was detected by Western blot analysis and the TNF-? level of blood was detected by double antibody Sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Serum ALT and AST were also measured. Results: The expression level of serum NF-?B p65, TNF-? in the experiment group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was significant(P

Objective: To evaluate the value of clinical application of Heart of the City type TJH-03A remote electrocardiogram recorder (remote ECG). Methods: A total of 1 014 community residents from Wuhan received ECG examination by Heart of the City type TJH-03A remote ECG recorder. Clinical and ECG data of all subjects were collected and analyzed. Results: There were 359 (35.40%) cases with normal ECG and 655 (64.60%) cases with abnormal ECG, after remote ECG examination . There were 581 cases had a variety of arrhythmia in 655 cases with abnormal ECG, so there were 828 cases times with abnormal ECG, in which there were （1）320 cases times (38.65%) with repolarization abnormality,（2）98 cases times(11.84%) with sinus bradycardia, （3）98 cases times (11.84%)with myocardial ischemia,（4）78 cases times (9.42%)with conduction block,（5）56 cases times(6.76%) with ventricular hypertrophy and high voltage,（6）43 cases times(5.19%) with atrial premature beats（7）37 cases times (4.47%)with atrial fibrillation,（8）35 cases times (4.23%)with sinus tachycardia,（9）24 cases times (2.90%)with ventricular premature beats, （10）19 cases times (2.29%)with suspected myocardial infarction according to ECG abnormality rate order. In addition, there were 5 cases times with QT interval prolongation, and abnormal ECG with abnormality rate ≤3 cases times: atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, Brugada wave, dextrocardia. Conclusion: Heart of the City type TJH-03A remote electrocardiogram recorder is convenient to use, it can perform remote electrocardiogram record, and find a variety of arrhythmias. It’s important for ECG diagnosis, especially for diagnosis of arrhythmias.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of donor liver pretreated by breviscapine on liver transplantation ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Methods SD rats served as liver donors and recipients (n =48 each).The recipients were divided into four groups by random number table.The donors in groups A and C were not pretreated with breviscapine,but those in groups B and D were pretreated with 20 mg/L Breviscapine.The cold ischemia time in donor livers of groups A and B was 30-40 min,and that in groups C and D was 12 h. Clotting function, liver function, serum thrombomodulin,caspase3,and relative activity of NF-kB after liver transplantation were assessed,and the pathological changes and TUNEL apoptosis staining were observed.ResultsThe mortality in groups C and D was 40.0％ (8/20) and 29.4％ (5/17),respectively (P＞0.05).There were no significant changes in coagulation function in all groups after operation. The liver function was improved,pathological lesions were alleviated,and apoptosis rate,serum TM,caspase3 expression and activity of NF-kB in the liver tissues of group D were significantly decreased as compared with group C at 3rd day after operation (P＜0.01),but all these parameters in group B had no significant change compared to group A.ConclusionPretreatment of donor livers with breviscapine can reduce the ischemia/reperfusion injury and apoptosis after liver transplantation in rats probably by inhibiting the apoptosis-related pathway and alleviating the damage to the endothelial cells of the liver microcirculation.

Objective: To investigate the changes of cardiac sympathetic nerve function and susceptibility of ventricular arrhythmia at chronic stress condition in experimental rats.
Methods: A total of 30 SD rats were randomly assigned into two groups: Control group, the rats were fed with normal condition and Chronic stress group, the rats were fed with unpredictable chronic stimulus program.n=15 in each group and all animals were treated for 4 weeks. The behavior of rats was assessed by open ifeld test and sucrose intake test, the susceptibility of ventricular arrhythmia was measured by Burst stimulus program under narcosis condition, and the sign of cardiac sympathetic nerve reconstruction, tyrosine hydroxylase content was examined by immunohistochemistry.
Results: Compared with Control group, Chronic stress group had decreased ratio of sucrose favorite/open field test, P<0.05 and increased susceptibility of ventricular arrhythmia,P<0.05. Masson staining showed that the ventricular collagen score was similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. Immunohistochemistry presented that Chronic stress group had much higher tyrosine hydroxylase content (1397.8 ± 268.8) um2/mm2 than Control group (995 ± 232.3) um2/mm2,P<0.05.
Conclusion: Chronic stress may increase the susceptibility of ventricular arrhythmia in experimental rats, and the cardiac sympathetic nerve reconstruction might be an important mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the value of digital tomosynthesis (TOMOS)in diagnosis of odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws with oral fixed metal dentures, and compared with multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT). Methods The imaging findings of 40 cases with fixed metal dentures pathologically proved odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws jn retrospective were retrospectively analyzed.All cases were performed by MSCT and TOMOS scanning,and 13 cases enhanced at the same time. The characteristics of the imaging findings in TOMOS and MSCT were compared. The diagnosis merits and disadvantages, especially their ability to detect the lesions and adjacent structures,were assessed. Results There were no significant difference (consistency check Kappa value>0.4) in evaluating the structure characteristics of the lesions, the relationgship between the lesions and cortex ,and the relationship between the lesions and surrounding organs. TOMOS is superior to MSCT in displaying apical change, the same in pure cystic and cystic-solid lesions interfered by artifacts.However, it is inferior to MSCT in detection of soft tissue invasion. Conclusion There is similar assessment value of TOMOS and MSCT in displaying odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws. TOMOS can be chosen when the imaging findings of the lesions are interfered by metal artifacts.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of maximum diameter in axial plane of primary tumor (MDAPPT) on MRI in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods From 2005 to 2007,333 patients with newly diagnosed and biopsy-proven NPC without distant metastasis,who underwent MRI scans of the nasopharynx and neck,were included in our study.MDAPPT was measured on MRI.The univariate analysis with the log-rank test and multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the relationship between MDAPPT and prognosis.Results The median values of MDAPPT in patients with T1,T2,T3,and T4 NPC were 21.2,30.0,38.0,and 52.3 mm,respectively.For all patients with a MDAPPT of ≤30 mm,＞ 30-50 mm,and ＞ 50 mm,the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 81.3％,70.1％,and 51.5％,respectively (P =0.000) ; the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 81.3％,70.0％,and 48.9％,respectively (P =0.000) ;the 5-year distant metastasisfree survival (DMFS) rates were 85.5 ％,86.5 ％,and 67.2 ％,respectively (P =0.000) ; the 5-year local relapse-free survival (LRFS) rates were 97.7％,91.5％,and 83.3％,respectively (P =0.013).The multivariate analysis showed that MDAPPT was a prognostic factor for PFS and DMFS.For the T3-T4 patients with a MDAPPT of ≤50 mm and ＞50 mm,the 5-year OS rates were 69.4％ and 52.2％ (P =0.004),the 5-year PFS rates were 68.0％ and 49.6％ (P =0.001),and the 5-year DMFS rates were 84.0％ and 66.8％ (P=0.001).In the patients with a MDAPPT ≤30 mm,the 5-year LRFS rates for those with T1,T2,T3,and T4 NPC were 10 0 ％,9 5.8 ％,9 6.3 ％,and 10 0 ％,respectively (P =0.6 4 3).Conclusions MDAPPT is a prognostic factor for PFS and DMFS in NPC,and it is an important prognostic factor in patients with T3-T4 NPC.In the NPC patients with a small MDAPPT,local control rate varies little in different T stages.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic impact of MRI-detected prevertebral space involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 333 patients who had newly diagnosed biopsyproven NPC without distant metastasis from 2005 to 2007.All patients underwent MRI scans of the nasopharynx and neck and were treated with two-and three-dimensional radiotherapy without or without chemotherapy.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS),distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS),and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS),and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis;the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the prognostic value of prevertebral space involvement.Results The follow-up rate was 95.2％.Prevertebral space involvement was seen in 139(41.7％) of these patients.The patients with prevertebral space involvement had significantly higher T stage and clinical stage than those without prevertebral space involvement (x2 =90.41,P =0.000;x2 =54.03,P =0.000).The 5-year OS,DMFS,and LRFS for NPC patients with and without prevertebral space involvement were 58.8％ vs.77.5％ (x2 =11.95,P =0.000),77.8％ vs.85.0％(x2=2.56,P=0.110),and 88.3％ vs.91.8％ (x2=1.51,P=0.220),respectively.After adjusting for N stage,a significant difference was still seen between the two groups with regard to 5-year OS (x2 =9.93,P =0.002).The multivariate analysis showed that prevertebral space involvement was not the independent prognostic factor for OS,DMFS,and LRFS (x2 =0.43,P =0.512 ; x2 =0.08,P =0.783 ; x2 =0.00,P =0.971).Conclusions The frequency of prevertebral space involvement is very high in NPC.The OS for the patients with prevertebral space involvement is significantly lower than those without prevertebral space involvement.But prevertebral space involvement is not the independent prognostic factor in NPC patients.

Objective To explore the change in anatomical volume during intensity?modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for different stages of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its influence on dose distribution, and to assess the necessity to modify the IMRT plan. Methods Twenty?four patients with newly diagnosed NPC who received IMRT and chemotherapy were enrolled in the study, and were divided into early?intermediate group ( 12 cases ) and locally advanced group ( 12 cases ) according to the 2008 staging system for NPC. Each patient had a repeated CT scan at week 5 of radiotherapy, and target volume and organs at risk ( OAR) were contoured. The dose distribution of the original plan shown on CT was calculated. Changes in target volume, OAR anatomical volume, and dose distribution were analyzed, and paired t?test and Spearman correlation analysis were performed. Results In the early?intermediate group, gross target volume of neck positive lymph nodes (GTVnd) was reduced during radiotherapy (P=0. 059), and gross target volume of nasopharynx ( GTVnx ) , high?risk clinical target volume ( CTV1 ) , and parotid volume were reduced significantly during radiotherapy ( P= 0. 001, 0. 012, 0. 002, and 0. 000, respectively) . In locally advanced group, GTVnx , GTVnd , CTV1 , and parotid volume were significantly reduced during IMRT (P=0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 003, 0. 003, and 0. 000, respectively). Compared with the values before radiotherapy, the parotid dose increased significantly in the two groups during IMRT ( P=0. 044, 0. 026, 0. 033, and 0. 026, respectively;P=0. 024, 0. 016, 0. 030, and 0. 015, respectively) , and the increase in GTVnd dose was observed in the locally advanced group ( P= 0. 029 and 0. 049 ) . Conclusions It is recommended to perform another CT scan for patients with locally advanced NPC at week 5 of radiotherapy and formulate a new IMRT plan to maintain target volume dose and guarantee a safe parotid dose.

Objective: To investigate influence of Wenxin particle on cardiac electrophysiology in rats complicated with depression after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: A total of 50 SD rats were randomly and equally divided into normal group, MI group, depression group, MI complicated with depression group (model group) and Wenxin particle group (Wenxin particle were given to model rats by gavage, 2 g/d, 28d). Model（MI complicated with depression）rats were made by acute ligation of left coronary artery and supply chronic unpredictable mild stress in order. The influences of Wenxin particle on cardiac electrophysiological indexes, such as monophasic action potential (MAP90), left ventricular effective refractory period (ERP) and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) were evaluated in Wenxin particle group. Results: (1) Compared with normal group, there were significant decrease in behavior scores (P<0.05) in model group, after four-week treatment with Wenxin particle, their behavior scores significantly increased (P<0.01); (2) Compared with normal group, there were significant increase in MAPD90 and ERP, and significant decrease in VFT in model group (P<0.05); compared with model group, there were significant decrease in MAPD90 [(89.33±7.12) ms vs. (72.29±8.37) ms] and ERP [(84.00±6.57) ms vs. (68.00±7.43) ms], and significant increase in VFT [(7±3.11)V vs. (29±5.60)V] in Wenxin particle group, P<0.05. Conclusion: Wenxin particle can improve cardiac electrical remodeling in rats complicated with depression after myocardial infarction, including decrease monophasic action potential duration and effective refractory period, and raise ventricular fibrillation threshold.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are compounds composed of depolymerized DNA fibers and antimicrobial peptides released by neutrophils. NETs formation not only plays a role in pathological process of non-infectious diseases such as cystic fibrosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes and cancer, but also is closely related to many central nervous system diseases. In recent years, a large number of studies have found the presence of neutrophils and NETs in perivascular space of the infarcted lesions in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and corresponding animal models. This article provides a review on NETs formation and clearance process, characteristics of NETs changes after IS, pathological processes involved in NETs after IS, and effects of NETs on neurons, to provide some references for IS.