The ZHENG (syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine) oriented effects and the multiple-targets' mechanism are the main challenges encountered by recent researches for Chinese herbal formula. Using methods of bioinformatics and systems biology, we proposed a biological network-based framework for understanding the mechanism of Chinese herbal formula, and reviewed our studies under this framework which aimed to explore the relationship between Chinese herbal formula and corresponding ZHENGs, as well as the synergism of herbal combinations. These studies include the network construction for cold or heat ZHENG and its relationship with herbal formula of hot or cold nature, the biological network construction of angiogenesis, and the network regulation-based emergent property of an herbal combination with anti-angiogenesis synergism extracting from the cold formula. It is shown that the ZHENG-oriented effects and the herbal synergism can be nicely explicated by such network-based approaches. Thus, the network-based drug combination discovery, as well as the "traditional Chinese medicine bioinformatics (TCMB)" and "TCM computational systems biology" combining with computational and experimental approaches, is conceivable and can open a new avenue for understanding Chinese herbal formula.

Objective To investigate the application of ear endoscope in the treatment of secretory otitis media in children with ineffective drug therapy.Methods 80 secretory otitis media children with ineffective drug therapy were selected as the research subjects.According to the random number table method,all patients were divided into treatment group and control group,40 cases in each group.The observation group received otoendoscopic tympanic membrane tube surgery treatment,the control group received auripucture with otic endoscope surgery treatment.The complications of the two groups were observed,and the clinical curative effect and postoperative recurrence were compared.Results The recurrence rate of the observation group was 5 .00%,which was significantly lower than 20.00% of the control group (χ2 =4.114,P=0.042).The middle ear effusion time of the observation group was (8.53 ±1.25)d,which was significantly shorter than (10.46 ±1.44)d of the control group (t=5.074,P=0.000). In the observation group,37 patients after treatment had change,the total effective rate was 92.50%.In the control group,28 patients after treatment had change,the total effective rate was 70.00%,the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.646,P=0.009).The incidence rate of complication in the observation group was 7.50%,which was significantly lower than 32.50% in the control group (χ2 =7.812,P=0.005 ).Conclusion Tympanostomy tube under ear endoscope surgery for the treatment of drug refractory secretory otitis media in children has good effect,the recurrence rate is relatively lower,has less complications,high safety,it is worthy of clinical application.

‘Controlling spirit’is the key point of efficacy of acupuncture treatment, which goes throughout the treatment. Both doctor and patient have to understand each other and closely cooperate to get full control of spirit. Try to be carefully to examine the condition and get psychological relaxation before inserting needle, concentrate the spiri and get mind in the needle on inserting needle, give attention to needling sensation after inserting needle, setting the mind to conserve energies and regulate emotion-thought after witherawing needle.To achieve controlling spirit includes understanding spirit, influencing spirit, focus on spirit, and maintaining spirit, then to improve the clinical curative effect and obtain the the best results.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and surgical management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and coexisting disease. Methods The clinical data of 54 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were analyzed retrospectively. Results 25 cases were diagnosed as Hashimoto's disease by clinical physical examination, FNAB and immune antibody assay. Diagnostic treatment with medicine was adopted firstly. Of them 24 cured, one was found coexisting thyroid cancer, and then a radical operation was performed. The other 29 cases had been misdiagnosed as surgical diseases because of atypical features and undergoing thyroidectomy; the diagnosis of Hashimoto's disease had been confirmed by pathology, and some coexistence had been found(hyperthyroidism in 3, thyroid carcinoma in 4, malignant lymphoma in 2, thyroid adenoma in 5). Conclusions Attention should be paid to the atypical Hashimoto's disease. FNAB, immune antibody assay, diagnostic treatment, operative exploration and biopsy would be helpful to make the sound diagnoses of Hashimoto thyroiditis and the disease in coexistence, which ought to be operated on corresopondingly.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),a comprehensive medicinal system,is characterized by holistic theory that emphasizes the regulation of the integrity of the human body and the interactions between human individuals and their environments. The diagnostic and therapeutic methods of TCM are based on the differentiation of syndrome(Zheng in Chinese)and the use of herbal formula(Fang-Ji in Chinese). There is an urgent need to develop scientific research methods in accordance with the above characteristics for TCM modernization. In the era of big data and with the rapid progress in systems biology,polypharmacology and bioinformatics,network pharmacology has emerged as a promising drug discovery approach that takes the same view as the theory of TCM. This methodology has explored correlations between drugs and complex diseases from the perspective of the holistic theory and has highlighted the paradigm shift from″one drug,one target″to″network target″. Thus,it is an original idea to combine network pharmacology with the modern research of TCM. This paper briefly analyzed and discussed the progress and major scientific challenges in network pharmacology applied to TCM diagnosis and treatment. To promote the development of TCM network pharmacology , several suggestions were also raised.

Objective To investigate the relationship between auditory event-related potentials to an oddball task and age in healthy adults,in order to provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis of age-related cognitive diseases.Methods 90 subjects were examined by auditory event-related potentials to an oddball task,and divided into normal young adults,middle-aged and elderly groups (n =30,each group).We measured the wave latencies and amplitude of P50,N100 and P200 wave recorded at the Cz points,and those of N200 and P300 wave at the Pz point.The correlations of the above indicators with age were analyzed.Results The reaction times were (519.33±33.65) ms in youth group,(521.52±39.81) ms in middle age group and (531.46±43.26) ms in elderly group.There were no statistically differences in reaction times among the 3 groups(F=1.89,P=0.107).Compared with the youth group,P50 amplitudes were increased [(2.03±0.31) μV vs.(1.83±0.23) μV,t=2.17,P＝ 0.032],P300 latencies were prolonged [(343.17 ± 30.70) ms vs.(323.54 ± 24.56) ms,t=2.23,P=0.028],P300 amplitudes were decreased [(13.88±3.15) μV vs.(15.62± 2.12) μV,t=2.35,P＝0.018] in the middlc-aged group.Compared with the middle-aged group,the elderly group showed that P50 amplitudes were increased [(2.39±0.40) μV vs.(2.03±0.31) μV,t =4.73,P=0.000],N200latencies were prolonged [(222.16±29.40) ms vs.(206.04±28.98) ms,t=2.12,P=0.039],P300 latencies were prolonged and amplitudes were decreased [(373.83 ± 45.90)ms vs.(343.17±30.70)ms,t=5.12,P=0.000; (10.68±4.16)μV vs.(13.88±3.15) μV,t=4.95,P=0.000].Other waves had no significant differences in latencies and amplitudes among the three groups (all P＞ 0.05).In all subjects,P50 amplitudes and P300 latencies showed positively correlated with age.The average increments of P50 amplitudes and P300 latencies in normal young adults,middle-aged and elderly groups were 0.008 V/year,0.012 V/year and 0.016 V/year,and 0.917 ms/year,1.148 ms/year and 1.715 ms/year respectively.Conclusions In healthy adults,P50 amplitude and P300 latency of auditory event-related potentials are related with age.P50 amplitude and P300 latency are gradually increased or prolonged along with age,with accelerated changes in the elderly.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections in senile inpatients(≥75 years old) and to propose the control strategy according to the analysis. Methods A total of 2675 senile inpatients(≥75 years old) from 2007 to 2008 were prospectively evaluated and retrospectively reviewed. The infection incidence rate, infection fatality rate, average length of stay in hospitals, location of infections, main pathogenic bacteria and common protopathy were analyzed. Results Among 2675 senile inpatients, 222 senile inpatients suffered from nosocomial infection. Among all age groups in this hospital during the same period, the infection incidence rate and the infection fatality rate were higher in the senile group than in the general group(8.3% vs. 1.9%, 0.8% vs. 0.1%,both P<0.01). The average length of stay in our hospital was 54.0 days. The lower respiratory tract infections were most common, and the urinary system infections, and the blood infections. Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection(47.0%, 110/234), while infection rate of Gram-positive bacteria was 32.9% (77/234) and fungus was 20.1% (47/234). The cerebral vascular disease was the most common protopathy, then malignant tumor was in 45 cases (20.3%), kidney disease was in 31 cases(14.0%), cardiac disease was in 29 cases(13.1%) and respiratory disease was in 21 cases(9.5%). Conclusions There are higher infection incidence rate, higher infection fatality rates,longer length of stay in hospitals in senile inpatients(≥75 years old). The lower respiratory tract infections were most common and Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection. We should adopt active management to control the nosocomial infections.

Objective To realize information management in the clinical treatment process and provide efficient services for patient. Methods From the requirement of the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, construction of digital clinical system was thoroughly elaborated. The functions and characters of the system were summarized. The application effect of the system was expatiated. Results The application of the system realized the whole network management for medical care, charging and pharmacy, thus optimizing the medical treatment process. Conclusion The management level and work efficiency are enhanced.

Meningococcal disease,caused by Neisseria meningitidis (Nm),is still one serious threatening infectious disease with high mortality.Vaccination is available for prevention and control of such disease.Based on the chemical structure of capsule polysaccharide,Nm strains were classified into 13 serogroups.Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines and polysaccharide conjugated protein vaccine against serogroup A,C,W 135 and Y were efficacious and have been widely used.Because of poor immunogenicity and the structurally homologous with neural cell,capsule polysaccharide of serogroup B Nm can not be used as vaccine candidate.In last several decades,B group vaccines develoment focused on the proteins research.Based on the out membrane protein and reverse vaccinology technology,progress of B group vaccine were accelerated.Several meningococcal B vaccine showed favorable immunogenicity and efficacity.Some B vaccines have been licensed and widely used.

The hydrogen sulfate plays an important role in biological and environmental areas and can contaminate the environment, which will cause harm to human body.Thus it is of primary importance to detect hydrogen sulfate with high selectivity and sensitivity.Among these methods for detection of hydrogen sulfate, the optical chemosensor based on molecular recognition is desirable with unique advantage.Anions optical sensing systems are predominantly attractive due to their simplicity, high degree of specificity, low detection limits, easy on-line analysis and especial colorimetric recognition and in situ detection.Herein, the progress during the last decades of optical chemosensors and probes for hydrogen sulfate based on the recognizing mechanism is summarized.The further research orientations are also prospected.