BACKGROUND: Ilizarov technique has obvious advantages in the treatment of tibial bone defect and can be used to treat various types of tibial bone defect. However, there are still many shortcomings in this technology, which need to be solved urgently. OBJECTIVE: To review the advantages, shortcomings and improvement strategies of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of tibia bone defect. METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases from 1971 to 2019 were retrieved with the key words of “bone defect, bone transport, accordion maneuver, ultrasonography, energy spectrum CT, pin site infection” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totally 57 eligible articles were included to systematically summarize the advantages, shortcomings and improvement strategies of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of tibia bone defect. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Ilizarov technology has obvious advantages in the treatment of the tibia bone defect, combined with soft tissue injury, infection and deformity of the tibia bone defect. (2) New disinfectants, accordion technology, color Doppler ultrasound and energy spectrum CT are effective treatment methods for complications of bone transport technology, such as pin site infection, poor mineralization of new bone in the transfer area, and difficulty in healing at the docking site. These methods can reduce the incidence of complications. (3) It is still necessary to improve the existing treatment techniques or choose new methods to further reduce the incidence of complications.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and effect of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in comparison with bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy (TUPKP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe searched the databases of PubMed, SCI, Ovid, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wangfang Data for controlled clinical trials about HoLEP versus TUPKP in the treatment of BPH published up to April 2016. The studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data extracted, and their quality evaluated by 2 reviewers independently, followed by a meta-analysis using the RevMan 5.3 software.

RESULTSA total of 7 studies were included, involving 2031 cases. In comparison with TUPKP, HoLEP showed significantly longer operation time (WMD = 24.61, 95% CI 11.88, 37.34, P lt; 0.001), shorter hospital stay (WMD =－1.91, 95% CI －3.74, －0.07, P = 0.04), shorter bladder irrigation time (WMD = －21.50, 95% CI －34.95, －8.06, P = 0.002), shorter catheter-indwelling time (WMD = －27.60, 95% CI －48.17, －7.03, P = 0.009), less hemoglobin loss (WMD = － 0.42, 95% CI －0.78, －0.07, P = 0.02); lower postvoid residual urine (PVR) at 3 months (WMD = －3.35, 95% CI －4.46, －2.23, P<0.001) and 6 months after surgery (WMD =－1.11, 95% CI －2.18, －0.05, P = 0.04); higher maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) (WMD = 0.42, 95% CI 0.04, 0.80, P = 0.03) and fewer urinary tract irritation symptoms (OR =0.58, 95% CI 0.41, 0.81, P = 0.002) at 12 months after surgery. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the volume of resected tissue, serum sodium reduction, urethral stricture, erectile dysfunction, retrograde ejaculation, or transient urinary incontinence (P>0.05), or in the improvement of the quality of life (QoL) at 1, 3 and 12 months, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, Qmax at 1, 3 and 6 months, or International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) at 6 months after surgery (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHoLEP is preferred to TUPKP in clinical application for its advantages of higher Qmax at 12 months after surgery, lower PVR at 3 and 6 months, higher peri-operative safety, faster recovery, and fewer urinary tract irritation symptoms. However, for the quantity and quality limitations of the included publications, our findings are to be further supported by large-sample, multi-center, and high-quality prospective controlled clinical studies.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of atomization inhalation combined with montelukast in the treatment of children with post infectious cough. Methods: From January 2016 to January 2018, 100 children with post-infection cough were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table, with 50 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with oral budesonide atomization inhalation.The control group was not given drugs.The clinical efficacy, symptom score, pulmonary function index, inflammatory factor index and adverse reaction were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group[96%(48/50) vs.80%(40/50), P<0.05]. After treatment, the scores of daytime cough, nocturnal cough and expectoration in both two groups were lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05), which in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). After treatment, the two pulmonary function indicators of FEV1, FEV1/FVC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05), and the inflammatory cytokines such as CRPIL-6, TNF-α in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups[6%(3/50)比4%(2/50), P>0.05]. Conclusion The combination of oral montelukast and budesonide atomization inhalation can effectively treat children with cough after infection, relieve their symptoms, improve the lung function, suppress the inflammatory reaction of respiratory tract, and it is safe and reliable.

OBJECTIVETo compare the cytotoxicity of ex vivo expanded NK cells detected by flow cytometry with 3 different staining methods.

METHODSNK cells were collected from peripheral blood on the 17day after culture. The cultured cells were divided into 3 groups: group A , B, and C. The cells in group A were stained with CFSE/Annectin-V/7-AAD; the cells in group B were stained with Annectin-V/PI, and the cells in group C cells were stained with CFSE/PI. The E:T ratios in 3 groups were 10:1, 20:1 and 40:1, respectively, the K562 cells were incubated with NK cells for 4 hrs.

RESULTSThe purity of NK cells(CD3CD56) reached to (16.34±10.51)% on day 0 and to (83.63±10.63)% on the day 17 after incubation(P<0.05); the cytotoxicity of group A was significantly higher than thay of group B at different E:T ratio (P<0.05). The cytotoxicities in A, B, C groups at E:T ratio=10:1 were (36.56±3.69)%, (10.85±2.09)% and (22.35±2.71)% respectively; the cytotoxicities in A, B, C groups at E:T ratio=9:1 were (47.83±5.52)%, (39.07±5.55)% and (29.61±4.81)%; the cytotoxicities in A, B, C groups at E:T ratio=40:1 were (67.7±4.77)%, (51.51±4.43)% and (44.12±5.62)% respectively. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity in group A was significantly higher than that in group C at different E:T ratio (P<0.05), the percentage of cytotoxicity was (36.56±3.69)% vs (10.85±2.09)%, (47.83±5.52)% vs (29.61±4.81)%, (67.7±4.77)% vs (44.12±5.62)%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONCFSE/Annectin-V/7-AAD is able to clearly show human NK cell cytotoxicity against human tumors. Moreover, this staining technique also allows to distinguish different stages of cytotoxic killing as early and late apoptotic phase.

As a pattern recognition receptor, CD36 antigen participates in a series of pathophysiological processes, and has well been documented in transfusion medicine. This article reviews the discovery, structure and expression of CD36, the type and frequency of CD36 antigen deletion, as well as the relationship between anti-CD36 and transfusion-related immune diseases.

ObjectiveTo analyze the online public Q&A texts on HPV vaccine， focus on the important issues related to HPV vaccination and cervical cancer prevention in China， and propose strategies and suggestions. MethodsThe latent Dirichlet allocation （LDA） topic model was employed to extract key topics of 15 565 Q&A texts related to HPV vaccines from the social Q&A platform "Zhihu". The Baidu AI sentiment analysis tool was used to analyze the emotional tendencies of the texts corresponding to each topic， and the topics were classified based on the strategic coordinate method. ResultsOnline users focused on eight topics about HPV vaccine information. Among them， vaccination knowledge， HPV vaccination hesitation， and HPV vaccine development and marketing belonged to the low positivity-high negativity emotional topics， HPV infection and high-risk factors belonged to the low positivity-low negativity emotional topics， and HPV vaccine appointment channels， comparison between domestic and imported vaccines， HPV vaccines and cervical cancer prevention， and HPV vaccine types and selection were grouped under high positivity-low negativity emotional topics. ConclusionPublic concerns regarding HPV vaccines can be classified into three major dimensions： health knowledge， health beliefs， and health behaviors. Overall， the public's views and attitudes towards vaccine-related issues are not optimistic. Strengthening science publicity and education， enhancing vaccine supervision， and encouraging enterprises’ innovative research and development capability are effective strategies to improve public awareness of cervical cancer prevention and accelerate the full HPV vaccination coverage.

This paper introduces the designing process of a massaging machine on the basis of Pro/Engineer. The machine has realized the virtual design and movement simulation for the product. It's computer-controlled system has greatly improved the automatic level of the massaging machine which has broad prospects for popularization and application.
Equipment Design ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Man-Machine Systems ; Massage ; instrumentation ; User-Computer Interface

Objective: To study the median effective dose of ketorolac tromethamine combined with different doses of sufentanil. Methods: From February 2016 to June 2017, 60 cases of cesarean section were selected.According to the random number table method, they were divided into two groups, with 30 cases in each group.Group I was treated with sufentanil 0.75μg/kg+ dexmedetomidine 200μg, while sufentanil 1μg/kg+ dexmedetomidine 200μg was used in group II.The first two groups were added to pump 150 mg ketorolac tromethamine, gradually increased or decreased in accordance with 30mg effect according to satisfaction or dissatisfaction.The median effective dose of ketorolac tromethamine in the two groups was analyzed. Results: After operation, the systolic blood pressure[(112.5±9.6)mmHg vs.(122.5±8.4)mmHg, (114.2±9.9)mmHg vs.(124.1±8.2)mmHg]and heart rate[(80.6±13.5)times/min vs.(90.5±16.5)times/min, (77.6±15.5)times/min vs.(88.2±18.8)times/min]in the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation (t=4.587, 5.248, 4.214, 3.983, all P<0.05). The VSA scores of the two groups decreased significantly[(6.8±2.4)points, (3.4±1.4)points, (2.1±0.9)points, (6.9±3.1)points, (3.5±1.7)points, (2.2±0.7)points], the difference was statistically significant at different time points (F=4.977, P<0.05). ED50 and 95% confidence interval of ketorolac tromethamine in the group I was 91.75mg, 78.69-106.98mg, which in the group II was 72.44mg, 60.40-86.90mg. Conclusion Ketorolac tromethamine combined with sufentanil has good analgesia effect, less adverse reaction.When sufentanil was given at 0.75 and 1μg/kg, the ED50 of ketorolac tromethamine were 91.75mg and 72.44mg.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of dual mobility total hip prosthesis in treating femoral neck fracture patients with hemiplegia. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 18 patients with femoral neck fracture combined with hemiplegia who underwent dual mobility total hip prosthesis replacement from March 2014 to December 2016. The follow up data of these patients was complete. There were 5 males and 13 females, aged 65 to 70 years old with an average of (66.50±1.38) years. The left side was involved in 12 cases, while the right side in 6 cases. There were 4 cases with Garden Ⅲ type and 14 cases with type Ⅳ. Limb muscle strength of hemiplegia were in grade Ⅳ. The posterior-lateral approach of hip joint was used in surgery for all patients. The implant position, dislocation and loosening of the prosthesis were evaluated by X-ray examination. Harris hip score and the Merle D'aubigne score were used to assess the hip function in the follow up. RESULTS: The operation duration was for 70-90 (81.56±7.48) min and the blood loss during the operation was for 160-200 (170.32± 12.56) ml. No blood was transfused during the operation. Postoperative incisions were healed at the first stage. The follow-up time was for 28-60(36.0±3.5) months. Harris hip score increased from 16.94±0.73 preoperatively to 96.19±1.27 at the final follow-up(<0.05). Merle D 'Aubigne score increased from 3.96±0.06 preoperatively to 16.81±0.63 at the final follow-up(< 0.05). No fracture or nerve or vascular injury were found during the operation. The postoperative X-ray showed that the prosthesis was in good position. No complications such as joint dislocation, dislocation of prosthesis, loosening of prosthesis, fracture around the prosthesis, pain in the front of thethigh, fracture of the self tapping screw in the ilium, and delayed infection occurred in the patients after operation. CONCLUSION Dual mobility total hip prosthesis has the advantages of both good initial stability and low dislocation rate of the prosthesis, and the clinical application of total hip replacement in hemiplegic femoral neck fracture is satisfactory.
Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemiplegia ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

【Objective】 To explore the value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the prediction of inguinal lymph node metastasis of penile cancer to provide a new idea for the clinical evaluation. 【Methods】 A total of 48 patients with penile cancer who received surgical treatment in our hospital during Jan. 2016 and Dec. 2021 were selected and divided into the metastatic group (n=19) and non-metastatic group (n=29). The number of neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets were recorded, and NLR and PLR were calculated. The value of NLR and PLR in predicting inguinal lymph node metastasis was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The correlation between NLR and PLR was determined with Pearson correlation analysis. 【Results】 The levels of NLR and PLR were significantly higher in the metastatic group than in the non-metastatic group (P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off value of NLR was 2.39, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.838 (95%CI:0.730-0.947), with sensitivity of 94.7% and specificity of 58.6%, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of PLR was 113.66, the AUC was 0.755 (95%CI:0.618-0.892), with sensitivity of 89.5% and specificity of 58.6%, respectively. The AUC of the two combined together was 0.851 (95%CI:0.747-0.956), with sensitivity of 89.5% and specificity of 69.0%. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that NLR was positively correlated with PLR in patients in both groups (r=0.504, r=0.645, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Preoperative NLR and PLR levels are significantly increased in patients with penile cancer,and the combination of the two indexes can predict the possibility of inguinal lymph node metastasis.