Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a slowly progressive autoimmune disease of the liver.Studies on the pathphysiology of this disease have demonstrated the immune-mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts and portal infammation seem to be the result of an intense autoimmune response directed against the autoantigens located in the biliary epithelium.Immunologically,PBC is characterized by the presense of antimitochodrial antibodies,elevated serum IgM and lymphoid infiltration in the portal tract.Indeed,the relationships between IgM and PBC have been a major focus of research on its pathphysiology,which lead to an increased understanding of the abnormal immune responses involved in PBC.This review summarizes data on the biological and clinical significance of Hyper-IgM in PBC,and highlights the potential role of IgM for the diagnosis and treatment of PBC.

OBJECTIVE: Detecting the sensitivities of bacterium in the inactive stage of chronic suppurative otitis media, to guide a clinical rational drug use after the type I tympanoplasty. METHOD: Collecting 148 hospitalized patients from Guangdong General Hospital diagnosed as inactive stage of chronic suppurative otitis media, who had been dry ear for more than 1 months. Analyse the results of drug sensitivity on the mucosa surfaces of the middle ear. RESULT: There are 16 species of bacterium, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae etc. Total positive rate of bacteria was 33.1%, the detectable rate of gram-positive bacteria was 69.4%, gram-negative bacteria was 30.6%. Drug sensitive test demonstrated that vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, rifampicin etc were effective in gram positive bacteria, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam etc were effective in gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSION Patients with dry ears,who were going to take type I tympanoplasty, still had potential pathogens. Bacterial cultivation and drug sensitive test before operation can guide the clinical medication and prevent infection.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Chronic Disease ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; microbiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Yacovino repositioning maneuver in patients with anterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (ASC-BPPV). METHOD: Nine patients were diagnosed as ASC-BPPV from January 2013 to October 2014. All the patients were performed with Yacovino repositioning maneuver and the effective rate were evaluated by Dix-Hallpike tests. RESULT: Among the nine ASC-BPPV patients, 2 cases were successfully controlled by the first maneuver, 2 cases by the second time, and the nystagmus of 1 case was disappeared after 1 months' follow-up. The remaining 3 cases were respectively followed up till 7,8, 12 months with consistent positional downbeat nystagmus. CONCLUSION Being a relative low incidence disease, of ASC-BPPV also has low effective rate after Yacovino repositioning maneuver.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; therapy ; Humans ; Patient Positioning ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo

Objective:To summarize the research advance in antitumor activity of dandelion in recent 5 years.Methods:The lit-eratures on the antitumor activity of various extracts of dandelion in recent 5 years were collected , including the effective components such as polysaccharide , triterpenes , phytosterols , flavonoids and organic acids etc .Results:Dandelion showed antitumor activity .The polysaccharide ingredients could effectively prevent the proliferation of pancreatic cancer PANC -1 cells, lupeol could reduce the activity of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and beta sitosterol could induce the apoptosis of human cervical cancer Hela cells .Conclusion:Dande-lion is effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer , breast cancer and cervical cance etc .The antitumor activity of the other active in-gredients in dandelion needs further research in order to provide complete theoretical and experimental evidence for the potential appli -cation as antitumor medicine in clinics .

Objective To detect radiation-induced changes of temporal lobe normal-appearing white matter on conventional MRI following radiation therapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods The clinical and imaging features of 75 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed,all patients were confirmed by biopsy.All patients performed conventional MRI and Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) examinations,and there was no abnormal finding on conventional MRI.Eighteen patients without radiotherapy were selected as the control group and fifty-seven patients with radiotherapy were as the experimental group.We divided the experimental group into five subgroups based on completion time of RT:group 1 (less than 3 months,n =16),group 2 (3 to 6 months,n =12),group 3 (6 to 9 months; n =10),group 4 (9 to12 months,n =8),and group 5 ( more than 12 months,n =11 ).The mean diffusivity ( MD),apparent diffusion coefficient ( ADC ),fractional anisotropy ( FA),radial diffusivity ( λ⊥ ) and axial diffusivity ( k ‖ ) were calculated in bilateral temporal lobe.One-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) test was used for comparison among groups.Results The mean λ⊥ values of the control group and experimental groups ( group1-5 ) after radiotherapy were ( 6.075 ± 0.341 ) × 10 -4 (6.700±0.379) × 10-4,(6.976 ±0.527) ×10-4,(6.621 ±0.388) ×10-4,(6.751 ±0.460) ×10-4,(6.222 ±0.256) × 10-4 mm2/s,respectively.The mean λ ‖ values of the control group and experimental groups were (12.524±0.713) ×10-4,(11.764 ±0.574) ×l0-4,(11.842±0.471) ×10-4,(11.569 ± 0.552) × 10-4,( 12.050 ±0.614) × 10-4,( 12.100 ±0.529) × 10-4 mm2/s,respectively.The mean FA values of the control group and experimental groups were 0.452 ± 0.030,0.379 ± 0.028,0.382 ± 0.028,0.389 ± 0.032,0.388 ± 0.022,0.423 ± 0.232,respectively.The three indicators were significantly different among groups ( F =10.485,4.625,16.539,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ). Multiple comparisons showed that λ⊥ increased significantly in group 1-4 compared with that in the control group.In group 5,λ ⊥ was not significantly different from that in the control group,λ ‖ decreased in group 1-3 compared with that in the control group,but was not significantly different in the control group and group 4-5. In all experimental groups,FA decreased significantly. MD and ADC values in experimental groups were not significantly different from those in the control group. Conclusion Diffusion tensor imaging is a noninvasive and quantitative method to detect the structural changes in WM after RT and can provide scientific evidence for the early diagnosis and intervention treatment of radiation-induced changes.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVEThis study aims to explore the molecular mechanism and expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and tumor marker CD44 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells after transfection withβ-Catenin when the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was blocked.METHODSSP cells and CD44+SP cells isolated from the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 by flow cytometry were identified. Changes in the number and biological characteristics of CNE-2 and CD44+SP cells in vitro were investigated after the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was blocked through siRNA.RESULTSSP cells accounted for 2.3% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells, andCD44+SP cells accounted for 36.5% of the SP cells. CD44+SP cells showed significantly higher in vitro proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy (P<0.05). After transfection withβ-Catenin siRNA, the proliferation, cloning efficiency, and tolerance to chemotherapeutic drugs of the cells were found statistical differences compared with those before transfection ofβ-Catenin siRNA. CONCLUSIONWnt/β-catenin signaling pathway abnormalities are closely related to the biological behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinomaCD44+SP cells. Interference of this pathway can change the characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells.

Objective To understand the molecular characteristics of human-derived non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coil (STEC) strains circulating in five regions of China.Methods Twenty-seven non-O157 STEC strains isolated in five geographic regions were investigated by serotyping, stx1/stx2 subtyping and PCR screening for adhesion and other virulence genes.A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme provided by E.coil MLST database were performed to amplify and sequence seven housekeeping genes (adk, icd, fumC, rgyrB, purA, mdh and recA) in those strains.Results Twenty-seven non-O157 STEC strains were typed into 16 O∶H serotypes.Among those strains, 11 harbored stx1a, 12 harbored stx1c, two harbored stx2e and the other three strains respectively harbored stx1a+stx2b, stx2d and stx2g.Positive rates of eae, efa1, saa, paa, toxB, astA and ehxA genes were 18.5%, 18.5%, 29.6%, 22.2%, 11.1%, 11.1% and 25.9%, respectively.The 27 strains were typed into 16 different sequence types (STs) based upon MLST.Conclusion Human-derived non-O157 STEC strains circulating in five regions of China are heterogeneous in their serotypes, stx1/stx2 subtypes and virulence gene profiles.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application value of narrow band imaging (NBI) in early diagnosis of pharyngolaryngeal tumors. METHOD: A total of 106 patients received NBI endoscopy in the endoscopic diagnosis. Lesions found under the white-light endoscopy mode and NBI endoscopy mode were compared in the morphology of capillaries on lesiorn surface and the clarity of lesion rim. Biopsy was performed in suspected areas with those two endoscopies for the lesions found under white-light endoscopy and NBI endoscopy, the morphology of capillaries on the surface of lesion and the clarity of lesion boundary were compared between both. Biopsy was performed for suspected areas under two modes, and specimens were preserved in 10% formaldehyde for pathological examination. The characteristic, position and endoscopic diagnosis under two modes were recorded. All the patients underwent corresponding laryngeal tumor resection according to the histopathological result of biopsy, and the histopathological result of resected tissues was taken as the gold standard for diagnosis. The biopsy detection rate and biopsy correct detection rate of malignant lesions in two groups were calculated and statistical compared. RESULT: The diagnostic accuracy under white-light mode was 75.47%, while that under NBI mode was 96.23%, and the difference between them was statistically significant (χ² = 18.375, P < 0.01). The biopsy correct detection rate under white-light mode was 82.08%, while that under NBI mode was 95.28%, and the difference between them was statistically significant (χ² = 12.071, P < 0.01). The correct detection rate of malignant tumor under white-light mode was 48.15%, while that under NBI mode was 92.59%, and the difference between them was statistically significant (χ² = 10.083, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Using NBI endoscopy to observe the morphological changes of capillaries on the pharyngolaryneal mucosa surface can increase the detection rate of early pharyngolaryngeal tumors, so it is worth to be widely applied.
Biopsy ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Larynx ; surgery ; Narrow Band Imaging ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: Discussion of expression and its significance of CD44 in SP cells of nasopnaryngeal carcinoma. METHOD: Flow cytometry was used to sort cultured CNE-2 cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma for obtaining CD44-SP and CD44+SP cells. Biological differences of CNE-2, CNE-2 SP, CNE-2 NSP, CNE-2 CD44+SP and CNE-2 CD44-SP cells were statistically analyzed by experiments such as cell migration experiments, plate clone formation assay, cell cycle analysis and sensitivity tests to chemotherapeutics. RESULT: Two point 3 perent of SP cells were extracted from CNE-2 cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, among which 36.5% was CD44+SP cells. Abilities of proliferation, cell migration and plate clone of CD44+SP cells were significantly higher than other cells (P < 0.01), and its tolerance to chemotherapeutics was significantly higher too (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The proportion of SP cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was small, but SP cells had strong activeness in the aspect of cell proliferation with a "seed" characteristic of tumor cells. As CD44+SP cells played an important role in proliferation and chemotherapy resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, it indicated that CD44 can be one of the surface markers of SP cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; metabolism ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the status of work fatigue of the disabled and the healthy so that we get to know their employment quality and compressive strength, and then provide the theory basis for the national policy formulation and vocational rehabilitation. Methods We randomly investigated 280 employees (220 disabled, 60 healthy people) in 3 companies from 3 provinces with Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS). Results There was no statistically significant difference between disabled and healthy people about work fatigue, and also that of 3 domains including psycho-social, cognitive and physical activity. After comparison of 40 items on FIS，the disabled had higher fatigue than that of the healthy in 4 items which belonged to psycho-social domain (P<0.05). Conclusion Disabled people are no less than healthy people in compression capability and working capability. They should believe in themselves, and their family and the employees should have more confidence about their work capability than before. Government should provide some support with them on job retention.