Objective:To investigate the different expression of NK cells between patients with advanced small cell lung cancer and with non-small cell lung cancer , as well as providing available reference for clinical treatment.Methods: Peripheral blood was taken from 65 patients with advanced lung cancer which was included 14 cases of small cell lung cancer and 51 cases of non-small cell lung cancer,20 cases normal controls.The expression of NK cells was analyzed with flow cytometry.Results: We found that the percentage of NK cells in advanced small cell lung cancer patients was much more than that of normal controls .There was no significant variation in the percentage of NK cells between advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients and normal controls.The percentage of NK cells was negatively correlated with the percentage of CD 4+T cells in patients with advanced lung cancer .Conclusion:The percentage of NK cells in advanced small cell lung cancer patients was higher than normal controls ,the innate immunity could become a powerful supplement to the cellular immunity which was severely damaged .But the hypothesis needs to be further research.

Imatinib and the second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKI) not only have revolutionized the management of patients with CML,but also become a model for the development of novel targeting agents in treating malignancies. Under IM treatment.more than 90%CML-CP patients could achieve complete hematologic remission,and more than 80% patients could achieve CCyR/MMoR.,the event free survival at 6-7 years were around 80%.resulting in a major change in the natural history of CML.Nevetherless, TKI cannot eliminate the bcr-abl fusion gene or CML stem cells.the patients have to take the medicine continuously or for life long,More than 10%patients developing resistance Or intolerance are also problematic.The available TKI are preferable choice for treatment of CML

Objective Ovariectomized rats are the most suitable model for the study of postmenopausal osteoporosis.However,the effect of ovariectomy on rat skin is little studied.The aim of this study was to observe the effect of ovariectomy on the skin aging indexes in rats.Methods 20 healthy 3-month-old female SD rats were randomly divided into sham group and ovariectomized (OVX) group.Serum estradiol was detected at 3 months after ovariectomy,the skin aging-related biochemical indexes such as catalase (CAT),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA),hydroxyproline (HYP) and lipofuscin (LF) were also detected.The structure of skin tissue was observed and detected using a pathological image analysis system.Results The serum E2 of OVX rats was significantly lower than that in the sham group,the thickness of epidermis and dermis of OVX group was significantly thinner than that of the sham group (P<0.01),the amount of collagen fibers was decreased and their arrangement was very loose.Compared with the sham group,the activity of CAT,GSH-Px and SOD in the OVX group was significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the content of MDA was significantly increased (P<0.01).The content of HYP in skin tissue was significantly decreased,and LF content was significantly increased (P< 0.01) in the OVX group.Conclusions Skin aging can be induced at 3 months after ovariectomy in 3-month old rats,which may be a good model for the study of skin aging in postmenopausal women.

Personality vulnerability refers to some parts of personality,because of which an individual can not cope with pressure,thus violating individual's physical and mental health.The mechanism of disease triggered by personality vulnerability includes psychological-physiological and behavioral mechanisms.The problems in this field need to be further studied.

Currently the employment situation of graduates in China tend to be grim.This article attempts to describe several representative psycological problems faced by graduate students during job hunting and to analyze their possible causes.On this basis,the author proposes some educational countermeasures against such job-hunting psycological problems.

The latest study shows that the expression abnormalities of programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) signaling pathway in a variety of solid tumor tissues and cells are related to disease progression and poor prognosis, and directly involve in tumor immune escape, becoming the recent focus. With the further research, PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in blood diseases, for example, in the development of lymphoma, is catching more attention gradually. The signaling pathway not only is associated significantly with malignancy, progression, recurrence of lymphoma and prognosis of patients, but probably becomes a new target for cancer immunotherapy. This paper summarizes the expression and research status of the biological characteristics and mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in lymphoma, in order to provide a new way for lymphoma treatment.

Hie morbidity and mortality of bladder cancer are both the highest among urinary cancers in China. As a critical component of epigenetics, DNA abnormal methylation plays an important role during the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer. Recently, researchers focusing on the DNA methylation in bladder cancer have done much on it The results are of great clinical significance for screening,diagnosis and therapy of bladder cancer.

Objective To investigate the resistance of imipenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA),metallo-β-lactamase (MBLs) producing and prevalences of the coding genes of IRPA in ICU.Methods Eighty-six clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ICU continuously collected were analyzed retrospectively.Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its drug susceptibility was identified by BioMerieux VITEK-32 system,and double disk synergy test was used to screen the MBLs producing IRPA.Then,the MBLs phenotype positive IRPA were confirmed by PCR to explore the genotype of them.Results Except polymyxin B with 100.0％ sensitivity and amikacin with higher sensitivity,the percentage of drug resistance for other antibiotics was more than 46％.MBLs phenotype positive IRPA accounted for 48.8％ (42/86) by double disk synergy test and genotype positive accounted for 47.7％(41/86) by PCR in MBLs phenotype positive IRPA.Among these,the most common was IMP-1 which constituted for 26.7％ (23/86).What's more,there were 15.1％(13/86) strains IRPA which carried multidrug resistant genes.Conclusions The main mechanism of drug resistance of IRPA in ICU is MBLs producing and IMP-1 is the most prevalent genotype,and IRPA with multidrug resistant genes is serious.Thus,monitoring of MBLs should be strengthened to help to use antibiotics rationally and prevent transmission of these genes.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the most common agents of community-acquired pneumonia in children.MP has been reported in 10％ ～ 40％ of cases of community-acquired pneumonia and shows an even higher incidence during epidemics.MP infections display a spectrum of symptoms and signs,ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe and potentially fatal pneumonia or extrapulmonary manifestations.The pathogenesis of extrapulmonary manifestations remain largely unknown.This review classifies extrapulmonary manifestations due to MP infection into three categories:direct type,indirect type and vascular occlusion type.These manifestations include neurological,cardiac,hematological,dermatological and other symptoms.This article presents an overview of extrapulmonary manifestations and pathogenesis of MP infections in children to improve the comprehension for diagnosis.

Objective:There are many different kinds of biological safety cabinets, it make some difficulties in the allocation. Scientific selection which based experimental requirements choose the right equipment match experiments, it can effectively prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms of operation personnel damage and environmental pollution.Methods: According to its working characteristics, different laboratory levels, detection items and actual operation of dangerous levels of pathogenic microorganisms, to determine the matched biological safety cabinet.Results: According to the different experiments correctly, choose the appropriate biological safety cabinet, bio-safety has been obviously improved, the incidence of adverse events decreased from 12% to 3%; the experimenter's security has improved.Conclusion: Through the use of biological safety cabinet clear and selection method, can not only improve biological testing of safety consciousness, but also strengthen the biological safety standardization, institutionalization and standardization of the management mechanism, avoid the use of biological safety, improve the quality of the efficiency of laboratory work and experiment, laboratory personnel biological safety.