BACKGROUND:Inflamed dental pulp stem cells are a new kind of dental pulp stem cells, and there is no systematic review on the cells by now. OBJECTIVE:To systematical y review the research progress in inflamed dental pulp stem cells. METHODS:A computer-based online search in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases was performed for related articles published from the establishment of the databases to February 2014. The keywords were“(pulptis or inflam*dental pulp*or human dental pulp with irreversible pulpitis) and stem cel*”in English and Chinese, respectively. Hand searching was also done to obtain further information or papers about the studies. The results were qualitatively analyzed to comprehensively summarize the progress in the research of inflamed dental pulp stem cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 11 papers were involved in result analysis that comprehensively review the research progress in inflamed dental pulp stem cells at the fol owing aspects:the research of history, material origin, cellculture, cel-surface markers, proliferation ability, multi-directional differentiation potential, animal models and clinical use. Researches of inflamed dental pulp stem cells are stil in the initial stage, and cultivating conditions and the establishment of animal models are stil in the exploratory phase. Controversies stil exist in the capacity of proliferation and multi-directional differentiation of the inflamed dental pulp stem cells. And fewer studies have been done in the characteristics of immunity, subpopulation and clinical use of the inflamed dental pulp stem cells.

Objective To determine the expression and distribution of Disabled-2(Dab2) in normal human adrenal glands, and further to study the expression of Dab2 in tissues of different adrenocortical adenomas, and to elucidate whether Dab2 can be a specific molecular marker in the pathology of primary aldosteronism. Methods Real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect Dab2 expression in 10 aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) samples, 8 cortisol-producing adenoma ( CPA) samples, 8 non-functioning adenoma ( NFA) samples and 6 normal adrenal samples. Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that Dab2 was significantly highly expressed in zona glomerulosa of normal human adrenal glands. Sporadical cluster of ZG cells with moderate Dab2 staining were demonstrated in APAs. In all CPA and NFA tumors, weak dab2 staining was detected. According to the results of real-time PCR, Dab2 mRNA expression was increased significantly in APAs compared with normal adrenal glands. There was no significant difference between normal adrenal glands, CPAs, and NFAs in regard to Dab2 mRNA expression. Compared to nontumor portions, APAs also showed higher Dab2 mRNA expression in the tumor( P<0. 05). Conclusion Dab2 was predominantly localized in zona glomerulosa in normal adrenal gland. Increased Dab2 mRNA expression was detected in APAs compared with normal adrenal glands. Whereas, Dab2 protein expression was just moderate increased in APAs. Weather Dab2 can be a specific molecular marker in the pathology of primary aldosteronism has to be further studied.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of fuzheng quxie granule (FQG) on immune cells and cytokines in populations with respiratory viral infection.

METHODSFifty-nine patients were randomly divided into 3 groups, that is, 19 patients treated with conventional western medicine (WM) plus FQG in the treated group, 19 patients treated with conventional western medicine alone in the WM group, and 21 patients treated with FQG alone in the TCM group. The levels of T lymphocyte subsets, interleukine-2,4,6,10 (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) and Th1/Th2 were determined before treatment, and at the end of 1st and 2nd week of treatment respectively.

RESULTSBefore treatment, levels of TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and INF-gamma in all patients were significantly higher than normal range (P < 0.05). After being treated for 1 week, the levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly decreased in all groups (P < 0.05), serum IL-2 and INF-gamma decreased to the normal level in the WM group, but in the treated and the FQG group by the end of the 2nd week, the two indexes still remained at the rather higher level (P < 0.05). The ratio of Th1 and Th2 in the treated group and the FQG group increased significantly by the end of 2nd week, reached the level higher than that in the WM group and that before treatment (P < 0.05). No significant difference in, T lymphocytes subsets (CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+) and percentage of B and NK cells before and after treatment was found in all the 3 groups.

CONCLUSIONFQG can positively regulate the immune function of patients with respiratory tract viral infection in certain degree.

Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Virus Diseases ; drug therapy ; immunology

ObjectivesTo explore the effect of diffuse glioma with precentral-gyrus invasion on fMRI activation maps by grasping T-fMRI. MethodsA total of 56 diffuse glioma patients were divided into precentral-gyrus invasion （PGI： n=21） and precentral-gyrus non-invasion （PGNI： n=35） groups. Three statistical thresholds （P value： 10^-4， P1； 10^-6， P2； 10^-8， P3） were set to obtain the activation maps accordingly （V1， V2 and V3）. The interhemispheric and bilateral precentral gyrus activation volumes ratios （IAVR and PAVR） were calculated， respectively. The activation volumes ［△V1=V1-V2； △V2=V2-V3； △Vn （ipsilateral）/△Vn’ （contralateral）， n=1， 2］ within two statistical thresholds and the corresponding interhemispheric ratio was further compared. In addition， the associations of tumor characteristics with IAVR and PAVR were analyzed. ResultsCompared with PGNI， PGI showed significantly decreased IAVR at p1， and the same trends of PAVR in PGI at P1 and P2 （P＜0.05）. However， neither IAVR nor PAVR showed significant differences at P3. PGI showed significantly lower ratios of △V1/△V1’ than PGNI （P=0.02）， except for △V2/△V2’. Additionally， within PGI， PAVR was negatively correlated with tumor volume （P=0.043）， and the distance from the tumor to the hand-knob was positively correlated with the IAVR and PAVR （P＜0.05）. ConclusionDiffuse glioma invading eloquent areas tended to affect interhemispheric asymmetry of activation at relatively lower statistical thresholds than diffuse glioma without invasion， rather than stricter statistical thresholds. Multiple ranges of statistical thresholds were recommended to analyze T-fMRI.

Objective:To explore the prognostic prediction value of quantitative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) parameters in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, and whether the clinical values vary by stroke etiology.Methods:This study was a post hoc analysis of the Multicenter Prospective Captor Trial. Patients with acute anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion and successful recanalization from April 2018 to July 2019 were screened. Post-processing analysis was performed on the DSA imaging sequence after recanalization, and 4 regions of interest (ROI) were selected in the target vessel: ROI1 (the proximal of the internal carotid artery-C2 segment), ROI2 (the starting point of the internal carotid artery-C7 segment), ROI3 (the end of the middle cerebral artery-M1 segment), and ROI4 (the end of the middle cerebral artery-M2 segment). Time to peak (TTP) was defined as the time at contrast concentration of selected ROI reached its maximum. Relative TTP (rTTP) was calculated by subtracting the TTP of ROI1 from the TTP of distalis ROIs. Successful recanalization was defined as modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grade≥2b. Favorable outcomes at 3 months were defined as the modified Rankin Scale score≤2. According to the modified Rankin Scale score, the patients were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group. The differences in clinical characteristics, postoperative hemodynamic parameters, and other data were compared between patients with good and poor prognoses. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze factors related to a good prognosis. Finally, the prognostic prediction value of hemodynamic parameters was analyzed in patients with different Trial of Org10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment etiological classifications.Results:A total of 245 patients were collected, of which 161 patients [age 69 (60, 76) years, 92 (57.1%) male] were finally included in the analysis, including 36 cases of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke, 76 cases of cardiogenic embolism (CE), and 49 cases of other causes of stroke. Seventy-one (44.1%) patients had favorable outcomes at 3 months. The post-operative hemodynamic analysis indicated that patients with favorable outcomes ( n=71) had a higher proportion of mTICI grade 3 [54/71 (76.1%) vs 41/90 (45.6%),χ 2=15.26, P<0.001] and lower rTTP 31 [means TTP ROI3-TTP ROI1;0.33 (0.23, 0.54) s vs 0.47 (0.31, 0.65) s, Z=-2.71, P=0.007] than patients with unfavorable outcomes ( n=90). The mTICI score and rTTP 31 were respectively included in multivariate Logistic regression models. It was shown that mTICI grade 3 (adjusted OR=5.97, 95% CI 2.49-14.27, P<0.001) and rTTP 31 (adjusted OR=0.24, 95% CI 0.06-0.99, P=0.048) were significantly associated with favorable outcomes, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the models had no statistically significant difference ( P=0.170). Subgroup analysis showed that rTTP 31 was significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with LAA stroke ( OR=0, 95% CI 0-0.25, P=0.014), while mTICI grade was associated with the prognosis of patients with CE ( OR=3.91, 95% CI 1.40-10.91, P=0.009) and other etiologies ( OR=7.35, 95% CI 1.92-28.14, P=0.004). Conclusions:In patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke and successful recanalization, both mTICI score and rTTP 31 had significant predictive value for favorable outcomes at 3 months. Moreover, rTTP 31 was significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with LAA stroke, while mTICI score was significantly related to the prognosis of patients with CE and other causes of stroke.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of the clinical isolates collected from selected hospitals across China. Methods Twenty-nine general hospitals and five children's hospitals were involved in this program. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems. Results were interpreted according to CLSI 2017 breakpoints. Results A total of 190 610 clinical isolates were collected from January to December 2017, of which gram negative organisms accounted for 70.8％ (134 951/190 610) and gram positive cocci 29.2％ (55 649/190 610). The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was 35.3％ in S. aureus (MRSA) and 80.3％ in coagulase negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) on average. MR strains showed much higher resistance rates to most of the other antimicrobial agents than MS strains. However, 91.6％ of MRSA strains were still susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, while 86.2％ of MRCNS strains were susceptible to rifampin. No staphylococcal strains were found resistant to vancomycin. E. faecalis strains showed much lower resistance rates to most of the drugs tested (except chloramphenicol) than E. faecium. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) was identified in both E. faecalis and E. faecium. The identified VRE strains were mainly vanA, vanB or vanM type based on phenotype or genotype. The proportion of PSSP or PRSP strains in the non-meningitis S.pneumoniae strains isolated from children decreased but the proportion of PISP strains increased when compared to the data of 2016. Enterobacteriaceae strains were still highly susceptible to carbapenems. Overall, less than 10％ of these strains (excluding Klebsiella spp.) were resistant to carbapenems. The prevalence of imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae increased from 3.0％ in 2005 to 20.9％ in 2017, and meropenem-resistant K. pneumoniae increased from 2.9％ in 2005 to 24.0％ in 2017, more than 8-fold increase. About 66.7％ and 69.3％ of Acinetobacter (A. baumannii accounts for 91.5％) strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, respectively. Compared with the data of year 2016, P. aeruginosa strains showed decreasing resistance rate to carbapenems. Conclusions Bacterial resistance is still on the rise. It is necessary to strengthen hospital infection control and stewardship of antimicrobial agents. The communication between laboratorians and clinicians should be further improved in addition to surveillance of bacterial resistance.