During the catastrophe of Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12,2008 in Sichuan province and the post-earthquake rescue,shining spirit of Bethune recurred among medical staffs.Based on the real scenes in Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan University,this paper clarifies a new definition of Bethune's spirit which combines the spirit of times,spirit of post-earthquake rescuing,and Bethune's spirit.

Objective To compare the Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication rate of different therapies and to explore the effects of Hp eradication on the clinical characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods From December 2006 to December 2009,at China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University 89 stable COPD patients with Hp infection were divided into eradication group and non-eradication group.The eradication group was divided into clarithromycin sub group and moxifloxacin sub group.The patients of these three groups all received regular COPD treatment.Esomeprazole,amoxicillin,clarithromycin and colloidal bismuth citrate were used in clarithromycin group.Esomeprazole,amoxicillin,moxifloxacin and colloidal bismuth citrate were used in moxifloxacin sub group.Patients received pulmonary function test,exercise tolerance evaluation,dyspnea scoring and health-related quality of life scoring at recruitment and 12 months after recruitment.The onset frequenly of acute exacerbation of COPD in one year was counted.The data were analyzed by x2 test and t test.Results The Hp eradication rate of clarithromycin sub group (48.4 ％,15/31) was lower than that of moxifloxacin sub group (87.1％,27/31),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.22,P=0.032).There was no significant difference percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second to forced vital capacity in (FEV1％) predicted value between 27 cases in non-eradication group and 53 patients with successful Hp eradication (t=0.677,P=0.265).Of 53 patients with successful Hp eradication,the 6-min walking distance,Borg dyspnea score and saint George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) score were improved significantly (t =1.884,1.877 and 1.773 respectively; P=0.032,0.025 and 0.034 respectively),and there was no improvement in 27 non-eradication patients.There was significant difference in the frequency of COPD acute attack between 53 patients with successful Hp eradication (1.2 times) and non-eradication group (1.9 times) (t=1.812,P =0.034).Conclusions Hp eradication therapy with moxifloxacin in COPD patients reached higher Hp eradication rate.Hp eradication in COPD patients with Hp infection can improve the exercise tolerance of patients,relieve dyspnea,improve quality of life and reduce the frenquency of acute attacks.

BACKGROUND: The cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue has become an attractive method to preserve female fertility. Human ovarian tissue experiences neovasculadzation after transplantation to recover blood supply, cryopreservation and resuscitation technique is a key for the neovascularization of human ovarian tissue following transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and microvessel density in human ovadan tissue following novel needle immersed vitrification (NIV) and slow-freezing, to explore the influence of two cryopreservation methods play in the neovascularization of human ovarian tissue after transplantation. METHODS: Eight normal human ovarian tissues from patients with carcinoma of endometrium were cut into 12 fragments in the size of 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm × 1.0 mm, then randomly assigned to 3 groups: fresh control group, NIV group and slow-freezing group. In the NIV group, pieces of ovarian tissue stdps were dehydrated in an equilibration solution consisting of 7.5% ethylene glycol and 7.5% dimethyl sulfoxide in TCM-199 supplement with 20% fetal bovine serum and a vitrification solution consisting of 15% ethylene glycol, 15% dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5 mol/Lsucrose, then were plunged in liquid nitrogen directly and sealed in liquid nitrogen-filled cryovials. For thawing, the needles holding ovadan tissues were serially transferred into 1.0, 0.5, 0.25 mol/L sucrose solution and TCM-199 supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. In the slow-freezing group, pieces of human ovadan cortex fragments were placed in a 1.8-mL cryovial containing 1 mL of TCM-199 medium supplemented with 0.1 mol/L sucrose, 20% fetal bovine serum and 1.5 mol/L dimethyl sulfoxide, the cryovials were placed in the programmable freezer and cryopreserved by preset slow-cooling protocol. For thawing, the ovarian tissue stdps were washed in a stepwise manner: 1.0 mol/L dimethyl sulfoxida + 0.1 mol/L sucrose, 0.5 mol/L dimethyl sulfoxide + 0.1 mol/L sucrose, 0.25 mol/L dimethyl sulfoxJde + 0.1 mol/L sucrose and 0.1 mol/L sucrose. The frozen-thawed and fresh controlled human ovarian tissues were cultured in vitro. The expression of VEGF and CD34, as well as microvessel density, was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was patchy and mild expression of VEGF in the stromal cells of all the three groups before and after culture. The expression of VEGF increased and reached peak value after culture for 2 days, began to decrease after culture for 4 days and further attenuated after culture for 6 days in all the three groups. Compared with slow-freezing group, the expression of VEGF in NIV group was closer to that in fresh control group. Microvessel density of all the three groups increased and reached peak value after culture for 2 days, and the microvessel density of fresh control group and NIV group was significantly higher than that of slow-freezing group (P < 0.05). The microvessel density of slow-freezing group after culture for 4 days and that of all the three groups after culture for 6 days significantly decreased compared with after culture for 2 days (P <0.05). NIV is superior to slow-freezing to preserve stromal cells and extracellular matrix of human ovarian tissue, and plays less influence in VEGF expression and angiogenesis in human ovarian tissue.

Objective To investigate and evaluate the diagnostic value of transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD) on brain death in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods Forty-two cases of severe craniocerebral injury from Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University were divided into brain death group and survival group,according to the clinical prognosis.TCD was conducted to examine brain blood flow numerical and changed characteristics of the spectrum.Average blood flow velocity (Vm),pulse index (PI),diastolic blood flow in reverse (reverberating flow) and small systolic peaks in early systole (wave of spikes)were documented.TCD parameters were compared between the two groups with t test.Results In the brain death group,frequency of reverberating flow was 86.67％ and frequency of wave of spikes was 13.33％.In survival group,frequency of reverberating flow was 14.81％ and no wave of spikes was recorded.The difference in frequencies of reverberating flow and wave of spikes between the two groups was significant(x2 =28.25,P ＜0.01).The average speed of bilateral middle cerebral artery blood flow in brain death group((20.02±13.96) cm/s) was significantly reduced compared with survival group((56.81± 16.84) cm/s,t=2.30,P＜0.05).Pulse index (PI) values in brain death group (4.02±3.49)were significantly increased compared with survival group (1.24±1.03) (t=2.10,P＜0.05).Conclusion Reverberating flow or wave of spikes is an important marker for brain death in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.TCD may be applied to clinically confirm the diagnosis of brain death.

Objective To establish Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rat model,and to explore the role of Hp in the pathogenesis of COPD.Methods40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into double modeling group (Hp infection,smoked and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide),COPD group (smoked and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide),Hp infected group and control group.The lung function,cytokines level in serum and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF),Hp related genes expression in bronchial and lung tissue were detected.And Hp in bronchial and lung tissue was isolated and cultured.Results The lung tissue of both COPD group and double modeling group accorded with COPD pathological characteristics,and the latter was more apparent.The lung function of COPD group and double modeling group decreased more significantly than that of control group and Hp infected group (all P＜0.05),and which was more obvious in double modeling group than that of COPD group (P＜0.05).Along with the Hp colonization density increased,Ri and Re value of double modeling group increased (r=0.785 and 0.905),the value of Gdyn,PEF and FEV0.3/FVC decreased (r=-0.975,-0.959and -0.976).Compared with control group,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-a cytokines levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of other groups increased significantly (all P＜0.05),and within the groups,double modeling group increased most significantly (all P＜0.05).Hp UreC gene was only amplified in part of bronchi and lung tissue of double modeling group,no Hp and suspicious bacteria colonies were isolated and cultured.ConclusionsHp not directly colonized in bronchi and lung tissue,which aggravated inflammation through increasing the serum and bronchoalveolar cytokines level of COPD rat model.Which caused the deterioration in lung function of COPD group.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence,antibiotic resistance and genotype of the extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.METHODS A total of 104 isolates of K.pneumoniae were examined for the ESBLs production and the susceptibilities of the bacteria to 15 antimicrobial agents.PCR was performed to detect the genes encoding the ESBLs belonging to SHV and TEM families as well as CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9 groups.RESULTS The ESBLs-producers of K.pneumoniae were 54.0% in the total of 104 isolates.Almost all of the ESBLs-producing isolates were resistant to the antibiotics commonly used,and only remained susceptible to carbapenems and the combination of cefoperazone with sulbactam.The genes of SHV,CTX-M-1 and TEM groups were detected in the ESBLs-producing isolates by 64.3%,46.4%,and 32.1%,respectively,and 35.7% and 8.9% of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae strains carried two and three genes.CONCLUSIONS The clinical isolates of K.pneumoniae in Tianjin Nankai Hospital are shown a high rate of ESBLs-producing and antibiotic resistance.SHV and CTX-M-1 groups of ESBLs are the dominant genotypes in the isolates of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae.

Embryonic stem cells have been the focus in tissue engineering, developmental biology, drug development and gene research. In this paper, the mechanisms, advances and applications of oriented differentiation of embryonic stem cells are reviewed for the promotion of researches on embryonic stem cells in future.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; physiology ; Humans ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; Neurons ; cytology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering

ObjectiveTo obtain stable animal models and observe Helicobacter hepaticas (Hh)colonization and pathological claracteristics,through infecting different mice strains with Hh.Methods SPF-class male BABL/c Cr,SCID/Cr and C57BL/6 Cr mice were inoculated 0.2 ml Hh standard strain ATCC51450 bacterial suspension (1 × 108CUF/ml),inoculated for 3 times with 48 hours intervals,the control group was fed with the same volume of PBS.Mice were executed at 4 weeks,8weeks and 16 weeks since last Hh inoculation,and mice esophagus,stomach,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon,liver and pancreas tissue were taken for histopathology examination,Micro-aerobic bacteria isolation,culture and identification and Hh specific 16S rRNA gene amplification.Results The colonization rates of Hh in cecum after inoculated in BALB/c Cr mice and SCID/Cr mice at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 16 weeks were all 8/8,colonization rates in colon at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 16 weeks were 4/8,5/8,5/8 and 3/8,6/8,5/8 respectively,colonization rates in ileum and jejunum at 16 weeks were 1/8,colonization rates in liver at 8 weeks and 16 weeks were 2/8,3/8 and 2/8,2/8respectively.The colonization rates of Hh in cecum after inoculated in C57BL/6 Cr mice at 4 weeks,8weeks and 16 weeks were 1/8,2/8 and 2/8 respectively,colonization rates in colon at 8 weeks and 16weeks were 1/8,2/8 respectively.Compared with C57BL/6 Cr mice,the inflammatory changes in liver,cecum and colon were more significant in Hh infected BALB/c Cr and SCID/Cr mice (P＜0.01),and histological scores gradually increased as infection time extended (P＜0.05,P＜ 0.01 ).The histological scores were significantly higher in those with colon and liver Hh bacterial colonization than those without Hh bacterial colonization (P＜0.05).The histopathological score of cecal tissue was positively correlated with the density of Hh colonization.ConclusionDifferent mice strains are with different susceptibility to Hh,and better Hh infection model can be obtained in Hh inoculated BALB/c Cr and SCID/Cr mice.

Objective To evaluate the collateral circulation after canine acute coronary artery occlusion with contrast real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE). Methods Left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated in 12 healthy mongrel dogs. All dogs underwent myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) before ligation, immediately after ligation, at 30 min and 180 min after ligation respectively, and myocardial mass with collateral supply was calculated. Results Different degrees of collateral circulation were established in all dogs after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. At 30 min after ligation, the myocardial mass with collateral supply was (9.65±2.90) g, while at 180 min after ligation were (12.58±3.98) g (P<0.01). Conclusion The coronary collateral circulation can be observed clearly and myocardial mass with collateral supply can be quantified accurately with contrast RT-3DE.

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures based on infection source control in plateau mountain areas of Yunnan Province. Methods From 2006 to 2004,four administrative villages were selected as test areas from plateau canyon and plateau basin endemic areas in Jindun Town,Heqing County,two villages each type,and the comprehensive control measures were implemented,including the examination and treatment of schistosomiasis,Oncomela?nia hupensis snail survey and control,health education,improving drinking water and lavatories,banning grazing,constructing sanitary pen of livestock,replacing cattle with machine,etc. The schistosome infection state and snail status in 2006 were treat?ed as the baseline information,and the effect of the comprehensive measures were evaluated. Results The infection rate of hu?man in plateau canyon areas decreased from 4.94%in 2006 to 0.06%in 2014,and that of livestock decreased from 1.11%to 0. In plateau basin areas,there was only 1 case of schistosomiasis found in Xiaolian Village in 2007,and no any other cases found in the other years,the infection rates of livestock dropped from 7.38%to 0. Compared with 2006,the snail areas in the two type areas decreased by 74.89%and 75.30%,respectively,meanwhile,the percentage of snail area,the occurrence rate of frames with snails,as well as the average density of living snails also decreased,and no infected snails were found since 2008. Xidian and Xinzhuang villages in plateau canyon area reached the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled in 2009,and Xiao?lian and Kangfu villages in plateau basin reached the criteria of transmission interrupted in 2014. Conclusions The comprehen?sive schistosomiasis control measures based on infection source control can effectively control the endemic situation of schistoso? miasis in plateau areas of Yunnan Province. In the future,we should pay an equal attention to the infection sources control and snail control to consolidate and amplify the achievement of schistosomiasis control.