Objective: To investigate the relationship between the mutation of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene and the expressions of ERCC1 (excision repair cross-complementation group 1) and RRM1 (ribonucleotide reductase M1) proteins in adenocarcinoma tissues from patients with stages I-III lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: The status of EGFR gene mutation in exons 19 and 21 in adenocarcinoma tissues from 99 patients with stages I-III lung adenocarcinoma was detected by amplification refractory mutation system using fluorescence-based quantitative-PCR instrument. The expressions of ERCC1 and RRM1 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: The mutation rate of EGFR gene in all patients was 46.5%. The females or the non-smokers had a higher mutation rate of EGFR gene (P < 0.05). A high expression level of ERCC1 protein was found in 50.5% of patients (50/99), and a high expression level of RRM1 protein was also found in 52.5% of patients (52/99). A low expression level of ERCC1 protein was more likely to be seen in patients with EGFR mutation as compared with the patients without EGFR mutation (P = 0.035), but there was no significant relationship between EGFR mutation and the expression level of RRM1 protein (P > 0.05). There was also no relationship between the expressions of ERCC1 and RRM1 proteins (P > 0.05). Conclusion: A low level of ERCC1 protein is more likely to be expressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation, who may benefit from the platinumbased chemotherapy. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

CD4 Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; physiology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; physiology

The acute and chronic respiratory tract inflammation models were made to investigate the effect and mechanism of sterol extracts from Begonia Sinensis Rhizome (BSR). The first model of acute lung injury was made with Kunming mice by inhaling cigarette smoke, then the mice were treated with different concentrations of BSR sterol extracts. Lung tissue morphology was detected by HE staining, TNF-alpha/MPO were detected by Elisa, and cPLA2 protein were, detected by Western blotting respectively. Results showed that in model group, lung sheet became real, alveolar space shrank or disappeared, alveolar septum was thickened, plenty of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, capillary blood vessels were congestive and the expression of TNF-α, MPO, cPLA2 increased; after administration, a small amount of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, alveolar septum became obvious, capillary congestion status was significantly relieved and the expression of TNF-α, MPO, cPLA2 decreased (P < 0.05). The second model of chronic respiratory tract inflammation in BALB/c mice with bronchial asthma was induced by OVA, then the mice were treated with different concentrations of BSR sterol extracts. Lung tissue morphology was detected by HE staining, indexes such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 were detected by Elisa, and the cPLA2 protein expression was detected by Western blotting respectively. Results showed that in model group, a lot of inflammatory cells around lung vessels and bronchi exuded, bronchial goblet cells proliferated and the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, cPLA2 increased; after administration, inflammatory and goblet cell hyperplasia reduced, the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, cPLA2 also decreased (P < 0.05). The above results showed BSR sterol extracts could resist against respiratory inflammation by inhibiting cPLA2 in a dose-dependent manner.
Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Begoniaceae ; chemistry ; Cytokines ; genetics ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-13 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-5 ; genetics ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Sterols ; administration & dosage

AIM:To establish the fingerprint for Cacumen Platycladi (carbonized) by HPLC. METHODS:The column of Lichrospher C 18 (250 mm?4.6 mm 5 ?m)was used. The mobile phase consisted of 0.5‰ trifluoroactic acid-methanol with gradient elution. The detective wavelength was at 375 nm,and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Different habitats were compared by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of CMM Version 2004A. RESULTS:The fingerprint consisted of 14 common peaks. The mutual mode of HPLC fingerprints was set up and the similarity of the crude drugs was in the range of 0.178-0.963. The standard HPLC fingerprint of Cacumen Platycladi (carbonized) was established too. CONCLUSION:This method is accurate and reliable and provides a scientific basis for the quality control of Cacumen Platycladi (carbonized).

Objective To study the directly injury effects of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) on human vascular endothelial cells(HVEC).Methods Lipopolysaccharide with different concentrations added into cultured vascular endothelial cells of human umbilical vein,at different phase after lipopolysaccharide being added,the concentrations of nitric oxide(NO),lactic acid dehydrogenase(LDH) were measured,and the adhesion of HVEC to polymorphonuclear leucocytes(PMN) were observed,the morphological changes of HVEC were detected by phase-contrast microscope.Results The NO content,LDH activity were obviously elevated with increase of LPS concentration(P

Objective To evaluate the effects of mild hypothermia performed at different times on the levels of glutamate, Bcl-2 and Bax during global cerebral ischemia-reperfsusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 230-270 g were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the time at which mild hypothermia was performed ( n =6 each): group A, B, C and D. Global cerebral ischemia was produced by occlusion of 4 vessels (cauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries and occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries) in the 4 groups. In group B, C and D, the nasopharyngeal temperature was reduced to 32.5-33.5 ℃ and maintained for 1 h. Ischemia was performed after termination of cooling in group B. While ischemia was performed, cooling was started in group C. While reperfusion was performed, cooling was started in group D. Rewarming was started after termination of cooling in group B, C and D. Samples of dialysate in hippocampal CA1 area were collected every 10 min during 100 min reperfusion for determination of glutamate concentrations by high-performance capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection ( HPCE-LIF). The brain tissues were taken at 3 h of reperfusion for determination of the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampal CA1 area, and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was calculated. Results Compared with group A, the glutamate concentrations were significantly decreased, the Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated, the Bax expression was down-regulated and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was increased in the other thee groups ( P ＜ 0.05). Compared with group B, the Bcl-2 expression was significantly down-regulated, the Bax expression was up-regulated and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased in group C ( P ＜0.05). The glutamate concentrations were significantly increased, the Bax expression was up-regulated and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased in group D compared with group C ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion The earlier cooling is performed, the better the cerebral protective effect is during global cerebral I/R in rats.

Objective To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) in the different prognosis of patients with severe sepsis and its relation with endotoxin-tolerant.Methods Thirty-five patients with severe sepsis (severe sepsis group) and 15 healthy volunteers (control group),respectively stayed in ICU 24 h and physical examination in the day measured TLR4 expression of PBMC by flow cytometry and measured the serum of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay.Simultaneous separation of peripheral blood of PBMC,addition of 40 μ g/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cultured for 24 h,and TLR4 expression of PBMC was measured in the same manner and the culture supernatant of TNF-α and IL-10.Results Thirty-five patients with severe sepsis survivor 25 cases (survivor group) and death 10 cases (death group),28 d death rate was 28.6％ (10/35).The TLR4 expression of PBMC in severe sepsis group was significantly lower than that in control group [(11.09 ± 8.90) MFI vs.(33.72 ± 12.59) MFI,P ＜ 0.01],the serum TNF-α and IL-10 in severe sepsis group were significantly higher than those in control group [(96.66 ± 45.33) ng/L vs.(2.53 ± 1.21) ng/L,(149.79 ± 67.15) ng/L vs.(34.56 ± 19.08) ng/L,P ＜ 0.01].There was no significant difference in TLR4 expression of PBMC between survivor group and death group (P ＞ 0.05).The TLR4 expression of PBMC in control group after LPS stimulation was significantly higher than that before LPS stimulation [(50.22 ± 19.23) MFI vs.(33.72 ± 12.59) MFI,P ＜ 0.05],survivor group and death group after LPS stimulation were significantly lower than those before LPS stimulation [(4.55 ± 2.30) MFI vs.(11.21 ±7.92) M FI and (5.46 ± 3.44) M FI vs.(10.15 ± 9.70) MFI,P ＜ 0.01].The culture supernatant of TNF-α,IL-10 in survivor group and death group were significantly lower than those in control group [(22.34 ± 8.27)and (19.49 ±5.35) ng/L vs.(88.70 ±34.21) ng/L,(54.29 ±32.89) and (98.04 ±40.26) ng/L vs.(146.56 ± 52.18) ng/L,P ＜ 0.01],but the culture supernatant of IL-10 in death group was significantly higher than that in survivor group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Different prognosis of patients with severe sepsis have endotoxin tolerance and different inflammatory cytokine secretion abifity.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans

Adenoma ; Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Female ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy differences between dog-days medicinal vesiculation and regular-day medicinal vesiculation for perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and observe their effects on serum immune globulin E (IgE) and interleukin-4 (IL-4).

METHODSSeventy-two patients were randomly divided into a dog-days moxibustion group (34 cases) and a regular-day moxibustion group (38 cases). In the dog-days moxibustion group, medicinal vesiculation was applied on the 1st dog-day, 2nd dog-day and last dog-day in summer by lunar calendar, 3 treatments per dog-day for totally 9 times. In the regular-day moxibustion group, the moxibustion was given on the regular day for continuous 9 times. The symptom score, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) and the level of IgE and IL-4 were compared before and after treatment in two groups; the short-term and two-year efficacy evaluation were performed too.

RESULTSThe short-term total effective rate was 88.2% (30/34) in the dog-days moxibustion group, which was not significantly different to 86.8% (33/38) in the regular-day moxibustion group (P>0.05). The long-term total effective rate was 97.1% (33/34) in the dog-days moxibustion group, which was significantly superior to 81.6% (31/38) in the regular-day moxibustion group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum IgE, IL-4 and RQLQ were significantly reduced (all P<0.01), but the difference between two groups was not significant (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONMedicinal moxibustion could be taken as a regular treatment for PAR, which could be performed during the whole year, and dog-days moxibustion could be considered as an enhanced method for prevention and treatment of PAR.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult